Given a hypersurface $M$ of null scalar curvature in the unit sphere $\mathbb{S}^n$, $n\ge 4$, such that its second fundamental form has rank greater than 2, we construct a singular scalar-flat hypersurface in $\Rr^{n+1}$ as a normal graph over a truncated cone generated by $M$. Furthermore, this graph is 1-stable if the cone is strictly 1-stable.
I give a theory of Moebius-flat hypersurfaces in n-dimensional projective space, analogous to that in conformal geometry. This unifies the classes of hypersurfaces with flat induced conformal structure (n > 3) and a classically studied class of surfaces (n = 3). I extend an example of Akivis-Konnov, and use polynomial conserved quantities to characterise hypersurfaces with flat centro-affine metric among Moebius-flat hypersurfaces. The theory has an obvious counterpart in Lie sphere geometry.
Biharmonic hypersurfaces in a generic conformally flat space are studied in this paper. The equation of such hypersurfaces is derived and is used to determine the conformally flat metric $f^{-2}δ_{ij}$ on the Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^{m+1}$ so that a minimal hypersurface $M^m\longrightarrow (\mathbb{R}^{m+1}, δ_{ij})$ in a Euclidean space becomes a biharmonic hypersurface $M^m\longrightarrow (\mathbb{R}^{m+1}, f^{-2}δ_{ij})$ in the conformally flat space. Our examples include all biharmonic hypersurfaces found in [Ou1] and [OT] as special cases.
In this paper, we study generic conformally flat hypersurfaces in the Euclidean $4$-space $\mathbb{R}^4$ using the framework of Möbius geometry. First, we classify locally the generic conformally flat hypersurfaces with closed Möbius form under the Möbius transformation group of $\mathbb{R}^4$. Such examples come from cones, cylinders, or rotational hypersurfaces over the surfaces with constant Gaussian curvature in $3$-spheres, Euclidean $3$-spaces, or hyperbolic $3$-spaces, respectively. Second, we investigate the global behavior of the generic conformally flat hypersurface and give some int…
It is demonstrated that hypersurfaces with a flat centroaffine metric are governed by a system of nonlinear PDEs known as the equations of associativity of 2-dimensional topological field theory.
In this paper the result of real hypersurfaces in non-flat complex space forms, whose structure vector field $ξ$ belongs to the $κ$-nullity distribution is extended in case of three dimensional real hypersurfaces in non-flat complex space forms. Furthermore, generalization of notion ($κ$,$μ$)-nullity distribution defined on real hypersurfaces and results of real hypersurfaces, whose structure vector field $ξ$ belongs to the previous distribution are provided. Finally, the notion of ($κ$,$μ$,$ν$)-nullity distribution is introduced in case of real hypersurfaces in non-flat complex space forms an…
We establish an inequality among the Ricci curvature, the squared mean curvature, and the normal curvature for real hypersurfaces in complex space forms. We classify real hypersurfaces in two-dimensional non-flat complex space forms which admit a unit vector field satisfying identically the equality case of the inequality.
In this paper, we present some new properties for p-biharmonic hypersurfaces in Riemannian manifold. We also characterize the p-biharmonic submanifolds in an Einstein space. We construct a new example of proper p-biharmonic hypersurfaces. We present some open problems.
This paper focuses on the study of three dimensional real hypersurfaces in non-flat complex space forms whose $^{*}$-Ricci tensor satisfies conditions of parallelism. More precisely, extension of existing results concerning real hypersurfaces with vanishing, semi-parallel and pseudo-parallel $^{*}$-Ricci tensor in case of ambient space being the complex hyperbolic space are provided. Furthermore, new results concerning $ξ$-parallelism of $^{*}$-Ricci tensor of real hypersurfaces in non-flat complex space forms are presented.
In this paper, we study conformally flat hypersurfaces of dimension $n(\geq 4)$ in $\mathbb{S}^{n+1}$ using the framework of Möbius geometry. First, we classify and explicitly express the conformally flat hypersurfaces of dimension $n(\geq 4)$ with constant Möbius scalar curvature under the Möbius transformation group of $\mathbb{S}^{n+1}$. Second, we prove that if the conformally flat hypersurface with constant Möbius scalar curvature $R$ is compact, then $$R=(n-1)(n-2)r^2, ~~0<r<1,$$ and the compact conformally flat hypersurface is Möbius equivalent to the torus $$\mathbb{ S}^1(\sqrt{1-r^2})…
By Hartman--Nirenberg's theorem, any complete flat hypersurface in Euclidean space must be a cylinder over a plane curve. However, if we admit some singularities, there are many non-trivial examples. Flat fronts are flat hypersurfaces with admissible singularities. Murata--Umehara gave a representation formula for complete flat fronts with non-empty singular set in Euclidean $3$-space, and proved the four vertex type theorem. In this paper, we prove that, unlike the case of $n=2$, there do not exist any complete flat fronts with non-empty singular set in Euclidean $(n+1)$-space $(n\geq 3)$.
We prove the existence of smooth closed hypersurfaces of prescribed mean curvature homeomorphic to $S^n$ for small $n, n\le6$, provided there are barriers.
In this paper, geometric characterizations of conformally flat and radially flat hypersurfaces in $\mathbb{S}^n \times \mathbb{R}$ and $\mathbb{H}^n \times \mathbb{R}$ are given by means of their extrinsic geometry. Under suitable conditions on the shape operator, we classify conformally flat hypersurfaces in terms of rotation hypersurfaces. In addition, a close relation between radially flat hypersurfaces and semi-parallel hypersurfaces is established. These results lead to geometric descriptions of hypersurfaces with special intrinsic structures, such as Einstein metrics, Ricci solitons and …
We prove a universal lower bound for the $L^{n/2}$-norm of the Weyl tensor in terms of the Betti numbers for compact $n$-dimensional Riemannian manifolds that are conformally immersed as hypersurfaces in the Euclidean space. As a consequence, we determine the homology of almost conformally flat hypersurfaces. Furthermore, we provide a necessary condition for a compact Riemannian manifold to admit an isometric minimal immersion as a hypersurface in the sphere and extend a result due to Shiohama and Xu \cite{SX} for compact hypersurfaces in any space form.
Generalizing earlier work by Ros in ambient dimension three, we prove an affine lower bound for the Morse index of closed minimal hypersurfaces inside a flat torus in terms of their first Betti number (with purely dimensional coefficients).
Kaimakamis and Panagiotidou in \cite{KP} introduced the notion of $^*$-Ricci soliton and studied the real hypersurfaces of a non-flat complex space form admitting a $^*$-Ricci soliton whose potential vector field is the structure vector field. In this article, we consider that a real hypersurface of a non-flat complex space form admits a $^*$-Ricci soliton whose potential vector field belongs to the principal curvature space and the holomorphic distribution.
In this paper, we study hypersurfaces in $\mathbb{H}^2\times\mathbb{H}^2$. We first classify the hypersurfaces with constant principal curvatures and constant product angle function. Then, we classify homogeneous hypersurfaces and isoparametric hypersurfaces, respectively. Finally, we classify the hypersurfaces with at most two distinct constant principal curvatures, as well as those with three constant principal curvatures under some additional conditions.
In this paper, we classify the Einstein hypersurfaces of $\mathbb{S}^n \times \mathbb{R}$ and $\mathbb{H}^n \times \mathbb{R}$. We use the characterization of the hypersurfaces of $\mathbb{S}^n \times \mathbb{R}$ and $\mathbb{H}^n \times \mathbb{R}$ whose tangent component of the unit vector field spanning the factor $\mathbb{R}$ is a principal direction and the theory of isoparametric hypersurfaces of space forms to show that Einstein hypersurfaces of $\mathbb{S}^n \times \mathbb{R}$ and $\mathbb{H}^n \times \mathbb{R}$ must have constant sectional curvature.
We classify the homogeneous and isoparametric hypersurfaces of $\mathbb{S}^2\times\mathbb{S}^2$. In the classification, besides the hypersurfaces $\mathbb{S}^1(r)\times\mathbb{S}^2,\,r\in (0,1]$, it appears a family of hypersurfaces with three different constant principal curvatures and zero Gauss-Kronecker curvature. Also we classify the hypersurfaces of $\mathbb{S}^2\times\mathbb{S}^2$ with at most two constant principal curvatures and, under certain conditions, with three constant principal curvatures.
In this paper we prove some classification theorems of real hypersur- faces in Mn(c) satisfying certain conditions on the covariant derivative of the structure Jacobi operator. We also prove the non-existence of real hypersurfaces with Codazzi type structure Jacobi operator in Mn(c).
The aim of this paper is to verify that the study of generic conformally flat hypersurfaces in 4-dimensional space forms is reduced to a surface theory in the standard 3-sphere. The conformal structure of generic conformally flat (local-)hypersurfaces is characterized as conformally flat (local-)3-metrics with the Guichard condition. Then, there is a certain class of orthogonal analytic (local-)Riemannian 2-metrics with constant Gauss curvature -1 such that any 2-metric of the class gives rise to a one-parameter family of conformally flat 3-metrics with the Guichard condition. In this paper, w…
In this article we classify the conformally flat Euclidean hypersurfaces of dimension three with three distinct principal curvatures of $\mathbb{R}^4$, $\mathbb{S}^3\times \mathbb{R}$ and $\mathbb{H}^3\times \mathbb{R}$ with the property that the tangent component of the vector field $\partial/\partial t$ is a principal direction at any point. Here $\partial/\partial t$ stands for either a constant unit vector field in $\mathbb{R}^4$ or the unit vector field tangent to the factor $\mathbb{R}$ in the product spaces $\mathbb{S}^3\times \mathbb{R}$ and $\mathbb{H}^3\times \mathbb{R}$, respectivel…
We define a Gauss map $γ:M\rightarrow\mathbb{S}^{6}$ of an oriented hypersurface $M$ of the unit sphere $\mathbb{S}^{7}$ and prove that $γ$ is harmonic if and only if $M$ has CMC. Results on the geometry and topology of CMC hypersurfaces of $\mathbb{S}^{7}$, under hypothesis on the image of $γ$, are then obtained. By a Hopf symmetrization process we define a Gauss map for hypersurfaces of $\mathbb{CP}^{3}$ and obtain similar results for CMC hypersurfaces of this space.
In this paper, we classify the hypersurfaces in $\mathbb{S}^{n}\times \mathbb{R}$ and $\mathbb{H}^{n}\times\mathbb{R}$, $n\neq 3$, with $g$ distinct constant principal curvatures, $g\in\{1,2,3\}$, where $\mathbb{S}^{n}$ and $\mathbb{H}^{n}$ denote the sphere and hyperbolic space of dimension $n$, respectively. We prove that such hypersurfaces are isoparametric in those spaces. Furthermore, we find a necessary and sufficient condition for an isoparametric hypersurface in $\mathbb{S}^{n}\times \mathbb{R}\subset \mathbb{R}^{n+2}$ and $\mathbb{H}^{n}\times\mathbb{R}\subset \mathbb{L}^{n+2}$ with f…
We show that $H$-hypersurfaces of $\mathbb{H}^{n}\times \mathbb{R}$ contained in a vertical cylinder and with Ricci curvature with strong quadratic decay have mean curvature $| H| > (n-1)/n$.
Let $\mathbb{M}(\mathbb{S}^{n+1})$ denote the Möbius transformation group of the $(n+1)$-dimensional sphere $\mathbb{S}^{n+1}$. A hypersurface $x:M^n\to \mathbb{S}^{n+1}$ is called a Möbius homogeneous hypersurface if there exists a subgroup $G$ of $\mathbb{M}(\mathbb{S}^{n+1})$ such that the orbit $G\cdot p=x(M^n), p\in x(M^n)$. In this paper, the Möbius homogeneous hypersurfaces are classified completely up to a Möbius transformation of $\mathbb{S}^{n+1}$.
Let $x: \mathbf{M} \rightarrow {\mathbb Q}^{n+1}_1$ be a regular space-like hypersurface in the conformal space ${\mathbb Q}^{n+1}_1$. We classify all those hypersurfaces with parallel Blaschke tensor in the conformal space up to the conformal equivalence.
In this paper, we classify the hypersurfaces of $\mathbb{S}^2\times\mathbb{S}^2$ with constant sectional curvature. By applying the so-called Tsinghua principle, which was first discovered by the first three authors in 2013 at Tsinghua University, we prove that the constant sectional curvature can only be $\frac{1}{2}$ and the product angle function $C$ defined by Urbano is identically zero. We show that any such hypersurface is a parallel hypersurface of a minimal hypersurface in $\mathbb{S}^2\times\mathbb{S}^2$ with $C=0$, and we establish a one-to-one correspondence between the involving mi…
We study conformally flat hypersurfaces $f\colon M^{3} \to \Q^{4}(c)$ with three distinct principal curvatures and constant mean curvature $H$ in a space form with constant sectional curvature $c$. First we extend a theorem due to Defever when $c=0$ and show that there is no such hypersurface if $H\neq 0$. Our main results are for the minimal case $H=0$. If $c\neq 0$, we prove that if $f\colon M^{3} \to \Q^{4}(c)$ is a minimal conformally flat hypersurface with three distinct principal curvatures then $f(M^3)$ is an open subset of a generalized cone over a Clifford torus in an umbilical hypers…
Each hypersurface of a nearly Kähler manifold is naturally equipped with two tensor fields of $(1,1)$-type, namely the shape operator $A$ and the induced almost contact structure $ϕ$. In this paper, we show that, in the homogeneous NK $\mathbb{S}^6$ a hypersurface satisfies the condition $Aϕ+ϕA=0$ if and only if it is totally geodesic; moreover, similar as for the non-flat complex space forms, the homogeneous nearly Kähler manifold $\mathbb{S}^3\times\mathbb{S}^3$ does not admit a hypersurface that satisfies the condition $Aϕ+ϕA=0$.
In this paper, we study complete space-like $λ$-hypersurfaces in the Lorentzian space $\mathbb R^{n+1}_1$. As the result, we prove some rigidity theorems for these hypersurfaces including the complete space-like self-shrinkers in $\bbr^{n+1}_1$.
We consider hypersurfaces of products $M\times\mathbb R$ with constant $r$-th mean curvature $H_r\ge 0$ (to be called $H_r$-hypersurfaces), where $M$ is an arbitrary Riemannian $n$-manifold. We develop a general method for constructing them, and employ it to produce many examples for a variety of manifolds $M,$ including all simply connected space forms and the hyperbolic spaces $\mathbb{H}_{\mathbb F}^m$ (rank $1$ symmetric spaces of noncompact type). We construct and classify complete rotational $H_r(\ge 0)$-hypersurfaces in $\mathbb{H}_{\mathbb F}^m\times\mathbb R$ and in $\mathbb S^n\times…
In this paper, we use two conformal non-homogeneous coordinate systems, modeled on the de Sitter space ${\mathbb S}^{m+1}_1$, to cover the conformal space ${\mathbb Q}^{m+1}_1$, so that the conformal geometry of regular space-like hypersurfaces in $\mathbb{Q}^{m+1}_1$ is treated as that of hypersurfaces in ${\mathbb S}^{m+1}_1$. As a result, we give a complete classification of the regular space-like hypersurfaces (represented in the de Sitter space ${\mathbb S}^{m+1}_1$) with parallel Blaschke tensors.
We show that constant mean curvature hypersurfaces in $\mathbb H^n\times\mathbb R$, with small and pinched boundary contained in a horizontal slice $P$ are topological disks, provided they are contained in one of the two halfspaces determined by $P$. This is the analogous in $\mathbb H^n\times\mathbb R$ of a result in $\mathbb R^3$ by A. Ros and H. Rosenberg.
We prove that if an asymptotically Schwarzschildean 3-manifold (M,g) contains a properly embedded stable minimal surface, then it is isometric to the Euclidean space. This implies, for instance, that in presence of a positive ADM mass any sequence of solutions to the Plateau problem with diverging boundaries can never have uniform height bounds, even at a single point. An analogous result holds true up to ambient dimension seven provided polynomial volume growth on the hypersurface is assumed.
In this paper, we study biharmonic hypersurfaces in a product of an Einstein space and a real line. We prove that a biharmonic hypersurface with constant mean curvature in such a product is either minimal or a vertical cylinder generalizing a result of \cite{OW} and \cite{FOR}. We derived the biharmonic equation for hypersurfaces in $S^m\times \mathbb{R}$ and $H^m\times \mathbb{R}$ in terms of the angle function of the hypersurface, and use it to obtain some classifications of biharmonic hypersurfaces in such spaces. These include classifications of biharmonic hypersurfaces which are totally u…
In a 4-manifold, the composition of a Riemannian Einstein metric with an almost paracomplex structure that is isometric and parallel, defines a neutral metric that is conformally flat and scalar flat. In this paper, we study hypersurfaces that are null with respect to this neutral metric and in particular we study their geometric properties with respect to the Einstein metric. Firstly, we show that all totally geodesic null hypersurfaces are scalar flat and their existence implies that the Einstein metric in the ambient manifold must be Ricci-flat. Then, we find a necessary condition for the e…
In this paper, we study complete oriented $f$-minimal hypersurfaces properly immersed in a cylinder shrinking soliton $(\mathbb{S}^n\times \mathbb{R}, \bar{g}, f)$. We prove that such hypersurface with $L_f$-index one must be either $\mathbb{S}^n\times\{0\}$ or $\mathbb{S}^{n-1}\times\mathbb{R}$, where $\mathbb{S}^{n-1}$ denotes the sphere in $\mathbb{S}^{n}$ of the same radius. Also we prove a pinching theorem for them.
There is a one-to-one correspondence between associated families of generic conformally flat (local-)hypersurfaces in 4-dimensional space forms and conformally flat 3-metrics with the Guichard condition. In this paper, we study the space of conformally flat 3-metrics with the Guichard condition: for a conformally flat 3-metric with the Guichard condition in the interior of the space, an evolution of orthogonal (local-) Riemannian $2$-metrics with constant Gauss curvature $-1$ is determined; for a $2$-metric belonging to a certain class of orthogonal analytic $2$-metrics with constant Gauss cur…
Given a Riemannian manifold $M,$ and an open interval $I\subset\mathbb{R},$ we characterize nontrivial totally umbilical hypersurfaces of the product $M\times I$ -- as well as of warped products $I\times_ωM$ -- as those which are local graphs built on isoparametric families of totally umbilical hypersurfaces of $M.$ By means of this characterization, we fully extend to $\mathbb{S}^n\times\mathbb{R}$ and $\mathbb{H}^n\times\mathbb{R}$ the results by Souam and Toubiana on the classification of totally umbilical hypersurfaces of $\mathbb{S}^2\times\mathbb{R}$ and $\mathbb{H}^2\times\mathbb{R}.$ I…
In this paper we present a local description for complete minimal hypersurfaces in $\mathbb{S}^5$ with zero Gauss-Kronecker curvature, zero $3$-mean curvature and nowhere zero second fundamental form.
We prove that proper biharmonic hypersurfaces with constant scalar curvature in Euclidean sphere $\mathbb S^5$ must have constant mean curvature. Moreover, we also show that there exist no proper biharmonic hypersurfaces with constant scalar curvature in Euclidean space $\mathbb E^5$ or hyperbolic space $\mathbb H^5$, which give affirmative partial answers to Chen's conjecture and Generalized Chen's conjecture.
In this paper, we give a complete conformal classification of the regular space-like hypersurfaces in the de Sitter Space $\mathbb{S}^{m+1}_{1}$ with parallel para-Blaschke tensors.
We address the problem of determining the hypersurfaces $f\colon M^{n} \to \mathbb{Q}_s^{n+1}(c)$ with dimension $n\geq 3$ of a pseudo-Riemannian space form of dimension $n+1$, constant curvature $c$ and index $s\in \{0, 1\}$ for which there exists another isometric immersion $\tilde{f}\colon M^{n} \to \mathbb{Q}^{n+1}_{\tilde s}(\tilde{c})$ with $\tilde{c}\neq c$. For $n\geq 4$, we provide a complete solution by extending results for $s=0=\tilde s$ by do Carmo and Dajczer and by Dajczer and the second author. Our main results are for the most interesting case $n=3$, and these are new even in …
Let $x$ be an $m$-dimensional umbilic-free hypersurface in an $(m+1)$-dimensional unit sphere $\mathbb{S}^{m+1}(m\geq3)$. One of important questions is to classify hypersurfaces with two distinct principal curvatures. In this paper, we classify and explicitly express the hypersurfaces with two distinct principal curvatures and closed Moebius form, and then we characterize and classify conformally flat hypersurfaces of dimension larger than 3.
In this paper, we prove that, up to similarity, there are only two minimal hypersurfaces in $\mathbb{R}^{n+2}$ that are asymptotic to a Simons cone, i.e. the minimal cone over the minimal hypersurface $\sqrt{\frac pn}\mathbb{S}^p\times \sqrt{\frac{n-p}n} \mathbb{S}^{n-p}$ of $\mathbb{S}^{n+1}$