The anomalous dimensions of twist two operators have to satisfy certain consistency requirements derived from BFKL. For N=4 SYM it was shown that at four loops, the anomalous dimensions derived from the all-loop asymptotic Bethe ansatz do not pass this test. In this paper we obtain the remaining wrapping part of these anomalous dimensions from string theory and show that these contributions exactly cure the problem and lead to agreement with both LO and NLO BFKL expectations.
We consider N=4 SYM and a class of spin N, length-3, twist operators beyond the well studied sl(2) subsector. They can be identified at one-loop with three gluon operators. At strong coupling, they are associated with spinning strings with two spins in AdS5. We exploit the Y-system to compute the leading weak-coupling four loop wrapping correction to their anomalous dimension. The result is written in closed form as a function of the spin N. We combine the wrapping correction with the known four-loop asymptotic Bethe Ansatz contribution and analyze special limits in the spin N. In particular, …
Using known all-loop results from the BFKL and generalized double-logarithmic equations and large spin limit we have recomputed the five-loop planar anomalous dimension of twist-2 operators without consideration of any wrapping effects. One part of the anomalous dimension was calculated in an usual way with the help of Asymptotic Bethe Ansatz. The rest part, related with the wrapping effects, was reconstructed from a known constraints with the help of methods from the numbers theory.
The structure constants of twist-two operators with spin $j$ in the BFKL limit $g^2\rightarrow 0, j\rightarrow 1$ but ${g^2\over j-1}\sim 1$ are determined from the calculation of the three-point correlator of twist-two light-ray operators in the triple Regge limit. It is well known that the anomalous dimensions of twist-two operators in this limit are determined by the BFKL intercept. Similarly, the obtained structure constants are determined by an analytic function of three BFKL intercepts.
We compute the correlation function of three twist-2 operators in N = 4 SYM in the leading BFKL approximation at any N_c. In this limit, the result is applicable to other gauge theories, including QCD.
We prove that the validity of the recently proposed dressed, asymptotic Bethe ansatz for the planar AdS/CFT system is indeed limited at weak coupling by operator wrapping effects. This is done by comparing the Bethe ansatz predictions for the four-loop anomalous dimension of finite-spin twist-two operators to BFKL constraints from high-energy scattering amplitudes in N=4 gauge theory. We find disagreement, which means that the ansatz breaks down for length-two operators at four-loop order. Our method supplies precision tools for multiple all-loop tests of the veracity of any yet-to-be construc…
We generalize local operators of the leading twist-2 of N=4 SYM theory to the case of complex Lorentz spin j using principal series representation of sl(2,R). We give the direct computation of correlation function of two such non-local operators in the BFKL regime when j -> 1. The correlator appears to have the expected conformal coordinate dependence governed by the anomalous dimension of twist-2 operator in NLO BFKL approximation predicted by Kotikov and Lipatov.
We present calculation of the correlation function of three twist-2 operators in the BFKL limit. The calculation is performed in N = 4 SYM but the result is valid in other gauge theories such as QCD. The obtained leading order structure constant is exact for any number of colors.
We study analytical properties of the five-loop anomalous dimension of twist-2 operators at negative even values of Lorentz spin. Following L. N. Lipatov and A. I. Onishchenko, we have found two possible generalizations of double-logarithmic equation, which allow to predict a lot of poles of anomalous dimension of twist-2 operators at all orders of perturbative theory from the known results. Second generalization is related with the reciprocity-respecting function, which is a single-logarithmic function in this case. We have found, that the knowledge of first orders of the reciprocity-respecti…
The link between BFKL physics and twist-two operators involves an analytical continuation in the spin of the operators away from the physical even integer values. Typically this is done only after obtaining an analytical result for integer spin through nested harmonic sums. In this paper we propose analyticity conditions for the solution of Baxter equation which would work directly for any value of complex spin and reproduce results from the analytical continuation of harmonic sums. We carry out explicit contructions up to 2-loop level. These nonstandard solutions of the Baxter equation have r…
We present a formula for the five-loop anomalous dimension of N=4 SYM twist-three operators in the sl(2) sector. We obtain its asymptotic part from the Bethe Ansatz and finite volume corrections from the generalized Luescher formalism, considering scattering processes of spin chain magnons with virtual particles that travel along the cylinder. The complete result respects the expected large spin scaling properties and passes non-trivial tests including reciprocity constraints. We analyze the pole structure and find agreement with a conjectured resummation formula. In analogy with the twist-two…
Twist operators in the closed sl(2) sector of planar N=4 SYM are characterized by their spin. The explicit dependence of anomalous dimensions on this important parameter is a source of interesting information. Wrapping corrections are a non trivial part of the calculation and are under control in the framework of thermodynamical Bethe Ansatz valid for the full theory and thoroughly checked in that sector. The extension to more general twist operators beyond sl(2) has been recently accomplished for the so-called 3-gluon operators that are a special case of the generalized twist operators introd…
The sl(2) sector of N=4 SYM theory has been much studied and the anomalous dimensions of those operators are well known. Nevertheless, many interesting operators are not included in this sector. We consider a class of twist operators beyond the sl(2) subsector introduced by Freyhult, Rej and Zieme. They are spin n, length-3 operators. At one-loop they can be identified with three gluon operators. At strong coupling, they are associated with spinning strings with two spins in AdS_5 space and charge in S^5. We exploit the Y-system to compute the leading weak-coupling four loop wrapping correctio…
We compute the general form of the six-loop anomalous dimension of twist-two operators with arbitrary spin in planar N=4 SYM theory. First we find the contribution from the asymptotic Bethe ansatz. Then we reconstruct the wrapping terms from the first 35 even spin values of the full six-loop anomalous dimension computed using the quantum spectral curve approach. The obtained anomalous dimension satisfies all known constraints coming from the BFKL equation, the generalised double-logarithmic equation, and the small spin expansion.
The anomalous dimension of twist-2 operators of arbitrary spin in planar N=4 SYM theory is found at seven loops by using the quantum spectral curve to compute values at fixed spin, and reconstructing the general result using the LLL-algorithm together with modular arithmetic. The result of the analytic continuation to negative spin is presented, and its relation with the recently computed correction to the BFKL and double-logarithmic equation is discussed.
We identify classical string solutions which directly give the classical part of the strong coupling pomeron intercept. The relevant solution is a close cousin of the GKP folded string, which is not surprising given the known relation with twist-2 operators. Our methods are applicable, however, also for nonzero conformal spin where we do not have a clear link with anomalous dimensions of a concrete class of operators. We analyze the BFKL folded string from the algebraic curve perspective and investigate its possible particle content.
We extract from the double logarithmic contributions to DGLAP anomalous dimensions for twist-two operators up to three-loops the magnon dispersion relation for planar N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills. Perturbatively the magnon dispersion relation agrees with the expansion of the anomalous dimension for spin-one as well as with the non-collinear double logarithmic contributions to the BFKL anomalous dimensions analytically extended to negative spin. The all-loop expression for the magnon dispersion relation is determined by the double logarithmic resummation of the corresponding Bethe-Salpeter equ…
In the recent paper arXiv:1010.5009, Maldacena et al. derive the two loop expressions for polygonal Wilson loops expectation values, or MHV amplitudes, by writing them as sums over exchanges of intermediate free particles. The spectrum of excitations of the flux tube between two null Wilson lines can be viewed as the spectrum of excitations around the infinite spin limit of finite twist operators in the sl(2) sector of N=4 SYM or the Gubser-Klebanov-Polyakov (GKP) string. This regime can be captured exploiting integrability and assuming that wrapping corrections are negligible compared to asym…
The Baxter-like functional equation encoding the spectrum of anomalous dimensions of Wilson operators in maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory available to date ceases to work just before the onset of wrapping corrections. In this paper, we work out an improved finite-difference equation by incorporating nonpolynomial effects in the transfer matrix entering as its ingredient. This yields a self-consistent asymptotic finite-difference equation valid at any order of perturbation theory. Its exact solutions for fixed spins and twists at and beyond wrapping order give results coinciding with …
We compute the anomalous dimension of a length-five operator at five-loop order in the SU(2) sector of N=4 SYM theory in the planar limit. This is critical wrapping order at five loops. The result is obtained perturbatively by means of N=1 superspace techniques. Our result from perturbation theory confirms explicitly the formula conjectured in arXiv:0901.4864 for the five-loop anomalous dimension of twist-three operators. We also explicitly obtain the same result by employing the recently proposed Y-system.
In this paper we derive both the leading order finite size corrections for twist-2 and twist-3 operators and the next-to-leading order finite-size correction for twist-2 operators in beta-deformed SYM theory. The obtained results respect the principle of maximum transcendentality as well as reciprocity. We also find that both wrapping corrections go to zero in the large spin limit. Moreover, for twist-2 operators we studied the pole structure and compared it against leading BFKL predictions.
We consider twist-1, 2 operators in planar N=6 superconformal Chern-Simons ABJM theory. We derive higher order anomalous dimensions from integrability and test various QCD-inspired predictions known to hold in N=4 SYM. In particular, we show that the asymptotic anomalous dimensions display intriguing remnants of Gribov-Lipatov reciprocity and Low-Burnett-Kroll logarithmic cancellations. Wrapping effects are also discussed and shown to be subleading at large spin.
In this article we calculate the five-loop anomalous dimension of twist-two operators in the planar N=4 SYM theory. Firstly, using reciprocity, we derive the contribution of the asymptotic Bethe ansatz. Subsequently, we employ the first finite-size correction for the AdS5xS5 sigma model to determine the wrapping correction. The anomalous dimension found in this way passes all known tests provided by the NLO BFKL equation and double-logarithmic constraints. This result thus furnishes an infinite number of experimental data for testing the veracity of the recently proposed spectral equations for…
We argue that the string theory dual to a certain sector of the four-dimensional Yang-Mills theory at large-N is the A-model wrapping N-Lagrangian D-branes on the twistor space of the complex two-dimensional projective space, with certain fluxes and Wilson loops, by finding that the target-space beta function of this A-model coincides with the large-N beta function of the Yang-Mills theory
Adapting a method recently proposed by C. Marboe and D. Volin for ${\cal N}$=4 super-Yang-Mills, we develop an algorithm for a systematic weak coupling expansion of the spectrum of anomalous dimensions in the $sl(2)$-like sector of planar $\mathcal{N}$=6 super-Chern-Simons. The method relies on the Quantum Spectral Curve formulation of the problem and the expansion is written in terms of the interpolating function $h(λ)$, with coefficients expressible as combinations of Euler-Zagier sums with alternating signs. We present explicit results up to 12 loops (six nontrivial orders) for various twis…
A recently discovered generalized Gribov-Lipatov reciprocity holds for the anomalous dimensions of various twist operators in N=4 SYM. Here, we consider a class of scaling psu(2,2|4) operators that reduce at one-loop to twist-3 maximal helicity gluonic operators. We extract from the asymptotic long-range Bethe Ansatz a closed expression for the spin dependent anomalous dimension at four loop order and provide a complete proof of reciprocity. We comment about the interplay with possible, yet unknown, wrapping corrections.
In the context of holography, we analyse aspects of supersymmetric geometries based on two-dimensional orbifolds known as spindles. By analysing spin$^c$ spinors on a spindle with an azimuthal rotation symmetry we show that under rather general conditions there are just two possibilities, called the `twist' and the `anti-twist', which are determined by the quantized magnetic flux through the spindle. A special case of the twist is the standard topological twist which is associated with constant and chiral spinors. We construct solutions of $D=5$ and $D=4$ STU gauged supergravity theories that …
We apply the recently proposed quantum spectral curve technique to the study of twist operators in planar N=4 SYM theory. We focus on the small spin expansion of anomalous dimensions in the sl(2) sector and compute its first two orders exactly for any value of the 't Hooft coupling. At leading order in the spin S we reproduced Basso's slope function. The next term of order S^2 structurally resembles the Beisert-Eden-Staudacher dressing phase and takes into account wrapping contributions. This expansion contains rich information about the spectrum of local operators at strong coupling. In parti…
We study compactifications of the $N=2$ 6D tensionless string on various complex two-folds down to two-dimensions. In the IR limit they become non-trivial conformal field theories in 2D. Using results of Vafa and Witten on the partition functions of twisted Super-Yang-Mills theories, we can study the resulting CFT. We also discuss the contribution of instantons made by wrapping strings on 2-cycles of the complex two-fold.
We develop two approaches to the problem of soft fragmentation of hadrons in a gauge theory for high energy processes. The first approach directly adapts the standard resummation of the parton distribution function's anomalous dimension (that of twist-two local operators) in the forward scattering regime, using $k_T$-factorization and BFKL theory, to the case of the fragmentation function by exploiting the mapping between the dynamics of eikonal lines on transverse-plane to the celestial-sphere. Critically, to correctly resum the anomalous dimension of the fragmentation function under this map…
We present results for the three-loop universal anomalous dimension of Wilson twist-2 operators in the N=4 Supersymmetric Yang-Mills model. These results are obtained by extracting the most complicated contributions from the three loop non-singlet anomalous dimensions in QCD which were calculated recently. Their singularities at j=1 agree with the predictions obtained from the BFKL equation for N=4 SYM in the next-to-leading order. The asymptotics of universal anomalous dimension at large j is in an agreement with the expectations based on an interpolation between weak and strong coupling regi…
We present the new results for the generalised double-logarithmic equation, obtained from the analytical continuation of the seven-loop anomalous dimension of twist-2 operators in the planar N=4 SYM theory. The double-logarithmic equation is related to the special asymptotic of the scattering amplitudes, when the large logarithms of the energy of scattering particles are appeared and should be summed in all order of perturbative theory. These large logarithms correspond to the poles of the analytically continued anomalous dimension. The generalised double-logarithmic equation includes the subl…
We study four-dimensional black hole configurations which result from wrapping M5-branes on a Calabi-Yau manifold, as well as U-dual realizations. Our aim is to understand the microscopic degrees of freedom responsible for the existence of bound states of multiple branes. The details depend on the chosen U-frame; in some cases, they are massless string junctions. We also identify a perturbative description in which these states correspond to twisted strings of intersecting D3-branes at an orbifold singularity. In each case, these are the preponderant states of the spacetime infrared conformal …
We present the result of a full direct component calculation for the non-planar contribution to the four-loop anomalous dimension of the Konishi operator in N =4 Supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. The result contains only zeta(5) term and is proportional to zeta(5) contribution in the planar case, which comes purely from wrapping corrections. We have extended also our previous calculations for the leading transcendental contribution arXiv:0811.0607 on non-planar case and have found the same results up to a common factor. It allows us to suggest that the non-planar contribution to the four-loop …
We investigate finite-size corrections to anomalous dimensions of large-spin twist-two operators in the planar maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. We develop a framework for analysis of these corrections, that is complementary to the conventional spin-chain approach, by making use of the hole rather than the magnon picture. From the dual string theory perspective where the large-spin operator is identified with the Gubser-Klebanov-Polyakov (GKP) string, our approach is equivalent to constructing the first Luescher correction to the energy of the GKP string by incorporating the contribu…
We developed an efficient numerical algorithm for computing the spectrum of anomalous dimensions of the planar ${\cal N}=4$ Super-Yang--Mills at finite coupling. The method is based on the Quantum Spectral Curve formalism. In contrast to Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz, worked out only for some very special operators, this method is applicable for generic states/operators and is much faster and precise due to its Q-quadratic convergence rate. To demonstrate the method we evaluate the dimensions $Δ$ of twist operators in $sl(2)$ sector directly for any value of the spin $S$ including non-integer val…
We consider high spin, $s$, long twist, $L$, planar operators (asymptotic Bethe Ansatz) of strong ${\cal N}=4$ SYM. Precisely, we compute the minimal anomalous dimensions for large 't Hooft coupling $λ$ to the lowest order of the (string) scaling variable $\ell \sim L/ (\ln \mathcal{S} \sqrtλ)$ with GKP string size $\sim\ln \mathcal{S}\equiv 2 \ln (s/\sqrtλ)$. At the leading order $(\ln \mathcal{S}) \cdot \ell ^2 $, we can confirm the O(6) non-linear sigma model description for this bulk term, without boundary term $(\ln \mathcal{S})^0$. Going further, we derive, extending the O(6) regime, the…
Five-dimensional $Sp(N)$ supersymmetric Yang-Mills admits a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ version of a theta angle $θ$. In this note, we derive a double quantization of the Seiberg-Witten geometry of $\mathcal{N}=1$ $Sp(1)$ gauge theory at $θ=π$, on the manifold $S^1\times\mathbb{R}^4$. Crucially, $\mathbb{R}^4$ is placed on the $Ω$-background, which provides the two parameters to quantize the geometry. Physically, we are counting instantons in the presence of a 1/2-BPS fundamental Wilson loop, both of which are wrapping $S^1$. Mathematically, this amounts to proving the regularity of a $qq$-character for th…
