We investigate a limiting procedure for extending local integral operator equalities to the global ones and to applying it to obtaining generalizations of the Newton-Leibnitz formula for operator-valued maps for a wide class of unbounded operators.
A Banach space $X$ has the Daugavet property if the Daugavet equation $\|\Id + T\|= 1 + \|T\|$ holds for every rank-one operator $T:X \longrightarrow X$. We show that the most natural attempts to introduce new properties by considering other norm equalities for operators (like $\|g(T)\|=f(\|T\|)$ for some functions $f$ and $g$) lead in fact to the Daugavet property of the space. On the other hand there are equations (for example $\|\Id + T\|= \|\Id - T\|$) that lead to new, strictly weaker properties of Banach spaces.
We prove new inequalities and equalities for the generalized and the joint spectral radius (and their essential versions) of Hadamard (Schur) geometric means of bounded sets of positive kernel operators on Banach function spaces. In the case of nonnegative matrices that define operators on Banach sequences we obtain additional results. Our results extend results of several authors that appeared relatively recently.
In this work we establish a Stokes-type integral equality for scalarly essentially integrable forms on an orientable smooth manifold with values in the locally convex linear space $\langle B(G),σ(B(G),\mathcal{N})\rangle$, where $G$ is a complex Banach space and $\mathcal{N}$ is a suitable linear subspace of the norm dual of $B(G)$. This result widely extends the Newton-Leibnitz-type equality stated in one of our previous articles. To obtain our equality we generalize the main result of that article, and employ the Stokes theorem for smooth locally convex vector valued forms established in a p…
This paper is devoted to the study of unbounded derivations on Banach quasi *-algebras with a particular emphasis to the case when they are infinitesimal generators of one parameter automorphisms groups. Both of them, derivations and automorphisms are considered in a weak sense; i.e., with the use of a certain families of bounded sesquilinear forms. Conditions for a weak *-derivation to be the generator of a *-automorphisms group are given.
Motivated by the equivalent definition of a continuous operator between Banach spaces in terms of weakly null nets, we introduce unbounded continuous operators by replacing weak convergence with the unbounded absolutely weak convergence ( $uaw$-convergence) in the definition of a continuous operator between Banach lattices. We characterize order continuous Banach lattices and reflexive Banach lattices in terms of these spaces of operators. Moreover, motivated by characterizing of a reflexive Banach lattice in terms of unbounded absolutely weakly Cauchy sequences, we consider pre-unbounded oper…
Suppose $E$ is a Banach lattice. Recently, there have been some motivating contexts regarding the known Banach-Saks property and the Grothendieck property from an order point of view. In this paper, we establish these results for operators that enjoy different types considered for the Banach-Saks property as well as for different notions related to the Grothendieck property. In particular, beside other results, we characterize order continuity and reflexivity of Banach lattices in terms of the corresponding bounded operators defined on them.
Several recent papers investigated unbounded versions of order and norm convergences in Banach lattices. In this paper, we study the unbounded variant of weak convergence and its relationship with other convergences. In particular, we characterize order continuous Banach lattices and reflexive Banach lattices in terms of this convergence.
Several recent papers investigated unbounded convergences in Banach lattices. Combine all unbounded convergences, including unbounded order (norm, absolute weak, absolute weak*) convergence, we characterize L-weakly compact sets, L-weakly compact operators and M-weakly compact operators on Banach lattices. Some related results are obtained as well.
Several recent papers investigated unbounded and statistical versions of order convergence and topology convergence in locally solid Riesz space. In this papers, we study the statistical unbounded order and topology convergence in Riesz spaces and Banach lattices. In particular, we study the relationship of those convergence and characterize order continuous, KB, reflexive Banach lattices in terms of these convergence.
Recently, the different types of unbounded convergences (uo, un, uaw, uaw*) in Banach lattices were studied. In this paper, we study the continuous functionals with respect to unbounded convergences. We first characterize the continuity of linear functionals for these convergences. Then we define the corresponding unbounded dual spaces and get their exact form. Based on these results, we discuss order continuity and reflexivity of Banach lattices. Some related results are obtained as well.
Recently, the functionals different types of unbounded convergences (uo, un, uaw, uaw*) in Banach lattices were studied. In this paper, we study the continuous operators with respect to unbounded convergences. We first investigate the approximation property of continuous operators for unbounded convergence. Then we show some characterizations of the continuity of the continuous operators for uo, un, uaw and uaw*-convergence. Based on these results, we discuss the order-weakly compact operators on Banach lattices. Some related results are obtained as well.
In this paper, we introduce and study a new classes of operators, named AM-unbounded norm compact operators. We study the the basic properties of the new operator and we investigate the lattice-order and topology property of the operator space of AM-unbounded norm compact operator.
We introduce a class of operators which is called unbounded Dunford-Pettis. In this paper, we study some properties of the operators, relationships with the other classes of operators and the space of these operators.
We utilize the idea underlying the construct of the classical weighted backward shift Rolewicz's operators to furnish a straightforward approach to a general construct of chaotic unbounded linear operators in a (real or complex) Banach space with a Schauder basis.
In this paper, we investigate more about relationship between $uaw$ -convergence (resp. $un$-convergence) and the weak convergence. More precisely, we characterize Banach lattices on which every weak null sequence is $uaw$-null. Also, we characterize order continuous Banach lattices under which every norm bounded $un$-null net (resp. sequence) is weakly null. As a consequence, we study relationship between sequentially $uaw$-compact operators and weakly compact operators. Also, it is proved that every continuous operator, from a Banach lattice $E$ into a non-zero Banach space $X$, is unbounded…
Among other results we investigate $\left( α,β\right) $-lineability of the set of non-continuous $m$-linear operators defined between normed spaces as a subset of the space of all $m$-linear operators. We also give a partial answer to an open problem on the lineability of the set of non absolutely summing operators.
A net $(x_α)$ in a vector lattice $X$ is unbounded order convergent to $x \in X$ if $\lvert x_α- x\rvert \wedge u$ converges to $0$ in order for all $u\in X_+$. This convergence has been investigated and applied in several recent papers by Gao et al. It may be viewed as a generalization of almost everywhere convergence to general vector lattices. In this paper, we study a variation of this convergence for Banach lattices. A net $(x_α)$ in a Banach lattice $X$ is unbounded norm convergent to $x$ if $\lVert\lvert x_α- x\rvert \wedge u\rVert\to 0$ for all $u\in X_+$. We show that this convergence…
In this paper, we study $un$-dual (in symbol, $\ud{E}$) of Banach lattice $E$ and compare it with topological dual $E^*$. If $E^*$ has order continuous norm, then $E^* = \ud{E}$. We introduce and study weakly unbounded norm topology ($wun$-topology) on Banach lattices and compare it with weak topology and $uaw$-topology. In the final, we introduce and study $wun$-Dunford-Pettis opertors from a Banach lattice $E$ into Banach space $X$ and we investigate some of its properties and its relationships with others known operators.
Motivated by the equivalent definition of a continuous operator between Banach spaces in terms of weakly null nets, we introduce two types of continuous operators between Banach lattices using unbounded absolute weak convergence. We characterize reflexive Banach lattices in terms of these spaces of operators. Furthermore, we investigate whether or not the adjoint of these classes of operators has the corresponding property. In addition, we show that these kinds of operators are norm closed but not order closed. Moreover, we establish how these classes of continuous operators are connected to t…
In this article we investigate the disjointly non-singular (DNS) operators. Following [8] we say that an operator $T$ from a Banach lattice $F$ into a Banach space $E$ is DNS, if no restriction of $T$ to a subspace generated by a disjoint sequence is strictly singular. We partially answer a question from [8] by showing that this class of operators forms an open subset of $L\left(F,E\right)$ as soon as $F$ is order continuous. Moreover, we show that in this case $T$ is DNS if and only if the norm topology is the minimal topology which is simultaneously stronger than the unbounded norm topology …
We introduce and study a new class of operators that we call disjoint weak Banach-Saks operators. We establish some characterizations of this class of operators by different types of convergence (norm convergence, unbounded order convergence, unbounded norm convergence and unbounded absolute weak convergence) as well as by the positive weakly null sequences. Consequently, we give a new characterization of the disjoint weak Banach-Saks property by the positive disjoint weakly null sequences. Furthermore, we study the relationship between this class and other classes of operators.
The notion of almost everywhere convergence has been generalized to vector lattices as unbounded order convergence, which proves a very useful tool in the theory of vector and Banach lattices. In this short note, we establish some new results on unbounded order convergence that tie up some loose ends. In particular, we show that every norm bounded positive increasing net in an order continuous Banach lattice is uo-Cauchy and that every uo-Cauchy net in an order continuous Banach lattice has a uo-limit in the universal completion.
We present a construction that allows us to define a limit object of Banach space decorated graph sequences in a generalized homomorphism density sense. This general functional analytic framework provides a universal language for various combinatorial limit notions. In particular it makes it possible to assign limit objects to multigraph sequences that are convergent in the sense of node-and-edge homomorphism numbers, and it generalizes the limit theory for graph sequences with compact decorations.
The existence of a solution, convergence and stability of the penalty method for variational inequalities with nonsmooth unbounded uniformly and properly monotone operators in Banach spase $B$ are investigated. All the objects of the inequality - the operator A, "the right-hand part" $f$ and the set of constrains $Ω$ - are to be perturbed. The stability theorems are formulated in terms of geometric characteristics of the spaces $B$ and $B^*$. The results of this paper are continuity and generalization of the Lions' ones, published earlier in \cite{l}. They are new even in Hilbert spaces.
A net $(x_α)$ in a Banach lattice $X$ is said to un-converge to a vector $x$ if $\bigl\lVert\lvert x_α-x\rvert\wedge u\bigr\rVert\to 0$ for every $u\in X_+$. In this paper, we investigate un-topology, i.e., the topology that corresponds to un-convergence. We show that un-topology agrees with the norm topology iff $X$ has a strong unit. Un-topology is metrizable iff $X$ has a quasi-interior point. Suppose that $X$ is order continuous, then un-topology is locally convex iff $X$ is atomic. An order continuous Banach lattice $X$ is a KB-space iff its closed unit ball $B_X$ is un-complete. For a Ba…
The concept of logarithmic representation of infinitesimal generators is introduced, and it is applied to clarify the algebraic structure of bounded and unbounded infinitesimal generators. In particular, by means of the logarithmic representation, the bounded components can be extracted from generally-unbounded infinitesimal generators. In conclusion the concept of module over a Banach algebra is proposed as the generalization of Banach algebra. As an application to mathematical physics, the rigorous formulation of rotation group, which consists of unbounded operators being written by differen…
In this note, we consider several notions related to the Grothendieck property. Among them, we introduce the notion "unbounded Grothendieck property" in a Banach lattice as an unbounded version of the known Grothedieck property in the Banach space theory. Beside other results, surprisingly, we show that spaces with the unbounded Grothendieck property are exactly the reflexive Banach lattices.
Unbounded order convergence has lately been systematically studied as a generalization of almost everywhere convergence to the abstract setting of vector and Banach lattices. This paper presents a duality theory for unbounded order convergence. We define the unbounded order dual (or uo-dual) $X_{uo}^\sim$ of a Banach lattice $X$ and identify it as the order continuous part of the order continuous dual $X_n^\sim$. The result allows us to characterize the Banach lattices that have order continuous preduals and to show that an order continuous predual is unique when it exists. Applications to the…
A net $(x_α)$ in a vector lattice $X$ is said to be {unbounded order convergent} (or uo-convergent, for short) to $x\in X$ if the net $(\abs{x_α-x}\wedge y)$ converges to 0 in order for all $y\in X_+$. In this paper, we study unbounded order convergence in dual spaces of Banach lattices. Let $X$ be a Banach lattice. We prove that every norm bounded uo-convergent net in $X^*$ is $w^*$-convergent iff $X$ has order continuous norm, and that every $w^*$-convergent net in $X^*$ is uo-convergent iff $X$ is atomic with order continuous norm. We also characterize among $σ$-order complete Banach lattic…
Several recent papers investigated lattice copies and unbounded convergences in Banach lattices. In this paper, we first solve the problem of RV and LA which is an extension of the well-known James distortion theorem. Using lattice copies and unbounded convergence, then we introduce weak L- and M-weakly compact operators on Banach lattices and research the relationship between these operators and L- and M-weakly compact operators. Finally, we study the compactness of weak L-weakly compact and weak M-weakly compact operators.
A net $(x_α)_{α\in Γ}$ in a vector lattice $X$ is unbounded order convergent (uo-convergent) to $x$ if $|x_α-x| \wedge y \xrightarrow{o} 0$ for each $y \in X_+$, and is unbounded order Cauchy (uo-Cauchy) if the net $(x_α-x_{α'})_{Γ\times Γ}$ is uo-convergent to 0. In the first part of this article, we study uo-convergent and uo-Cauchy nets in Banach lattices and use them to characterize Banach lattices with the positive Schur property and KB-spaces. In the second part, we use the concept of uo-Cauchy sequences to extend Doob's submartingale convergence theorems to a measure-free setting. Our r…
As a generalization of almost everywhere convergence to vector lattices, unbounded order convergence has garnered much attention. The concept of boundedly uo-complete Banach lattices was introduced by N. Gao and F. Xanthos, and has been studied in recent papers by D. Leung, V.G. Troitsky, and the aforementioned authors. We will prove that a Banach lattice is boundedly uo-complete iff it is monotonically complete. Afterwards, we study completeness-type properties of minimal topologies; minimal topologies are exactly the Hausdorff locally solid topologies in which uo-convergence implies topologi…
The article is devoted to quasilinear operators in spaces over quaternions and octonions. Spectral theory of bounded and unbounded operators is investigated. Analogs of C^* algebras are defined and studied. Among main results are analogs of the Gelfand-Mazur, Stone, Gelfand-Naimark-Segal, von Neumann, Kaplansky, etc. theorems, but here over the skew field of quaternions and the octonion algebra.
In this paper, we characterize Banach lattices on which each Dunford-Pettis operator (or weak Dunford-Pettis) is unbounded absolute weak Dunford-Pettis operator and the converse.
We show that there exist infinite-dimensional extremely non-complex Banach spaces, i.e. spaces $X$ such that the norm equality $\|Id + T^2\|=1 + \|T^2\|$ holds for every bounded linear operator $T:X\longrightarrow X$. This answers in the positive Question 4.11 of [Kadets, Martin, Meri, Norm equalities for operators, \emph{Indiana U. Math. J.} \textbf{56} (2007), 2385--2411]. More concretely, we show that this is the case of some $C(K)$ spaces with few operators constructed in [Koszmider, Banach spaces of continuous functions with few operators, \emph{Math. Ann.} \textbf{330} (2004), 151--183] …
We introduce the class of unbounded $M$-weakly operators and the class of unbounded $L$-weakly compact operators. We investigate some properties for these new classification of operators and we study relation between them and $M$-weakly compact and $L$-weakly compact operators. We also present an operator characterization of Banach lattices with order continuous norm. \keywords{unbounded $M$-weakly compact \and unbounded $L$-weakly compact \and unbounded norm convergence \and $M$-weakly compact \and $L$-weakly compact
We furnish a simple way of constructing an unbounded closed linear operator in a complex Banach space, whose spectrum is an arbitrary nonempty closed, in particular compact, subset of the complex plane.
Let $E$ and $F$ be Banach lattices. We show first that the disjointness preserving linear functionals separate the points of any infinite dimensional Banach lattice $E$, which shows that in this case the unbounded disjointness operators from $E\to F$ separate the points of $E$. Then we show that every disjointness preserving operator $T:E\to F$ is norm bounded on an order dense ideal. In case $E$ has order continuous norm, this implies that that every unbounded disjointness preserving map $T:E\to F$ has a unique decomposition $T=R+S$, where $R$ is a bounded disjointness preserving operator and…
We construct a continuous scalar-valued 2-polynomial, $W$, on the separable Hilbert space $l_2$ and an unbounded set $R\subset l_2$ such that (i) $W$ is bounded on an $ε$-neighbourhood of $R$; (ii) $W$ is unbounded on ${1/2} R$; (iii) consequently, $W$ does not factor through any bounded 1-polynomial on $l_2$ sending $R$ to a bounded set. This answers in the negative two 1935 questions asked by Mazur (problems 55 and 75 in the Scottish Book). The construction is valid both over $\R$ and $\C$. (In finite dimensions the questions were answered in the positive by Auerbach soon after being asked.)
In this paper, we extend the Hake-McShane and Hake-Henstock-Kurzweil integrals of Banach space valued functions from m-dimensional open and bounded sets to m-dimensional sets G such that |G \ Go| = 0. We will prove the full descriptive characterizations of new integrals in terms of the locally McShane and locally Henstock-Kurzweil integrals.
We study properties of the topological space of composition operators on the Banach algebra of bounded functions on an unbounded, locally finite metric space in the operator norm topology and essential norm topology. Moreover, we characterize the compactness of differences of two such composition operators.
Let $X$ be a compact Hausdorff space and $A$ a Banach algebra. We investigate amenability properties of the algebra $C(X,A)$ of all $A$-valued continuous functions. We show that $C(X,A)$ has a bounded approximate diagonal if and only if $A$ has a bounded approximate diagonal; if $A$ has a compactly central approximate diagonal (unbounded) then $C(X,A)$ has a compactly approximate diagonal. Weak amenability of $C(X,A)$ for commutative $A$ is also considered.
We study the dynamics induced by homogeneous polynomials on Banach spaces. It is known that no homogeneous polynomial defined on a Banach space can have a dense orbit. We show, a simple and natural example of a homogeneous polynomial with an orbit that is at the same time $d$-dense (the orbit meets every ball of radius $d$), weakly dense and such that $Γ\cdot Orb_P(x)$ is dense for every $Γ\subset \mathbb C$ that is either unbounded or that has 0 as an accumulation point. Moreover we generalize the construction to arbitrary infinite dimensional separable Fréchet spaces. To prove this we study …
We present the current results in the study of weighted composition operators on weighted Banach spaces of an unbounded, locally finite metric space. Specifically, we determine characterizations of bounded and compact weighted composition operators, including the operator and essential norms. In addition, we characterize the weighted composition operators that are injective, are bounded below, have closed range, and have bounded inverse. We characterize the isometries and surjective isometries among the weighted composition operators, as well as those that satisfy the Fredholm condition. Lastl…
A class of maps in a complex Banach space is studied, which includes both unbounded linear operators and nonlinear holomorphic maps. The defining property, which we call {\sl pseudo-contractivity}, is introduced by means of the Abel averages of such maps. We show that the studied maps are dissipative in the spirit of the classical Lumer-Phillips theorem. For pseudo-contractive holomorphic maps, we establish the power convergence of the Abel averages to holomorphic retractions.
We introduce the numerical spectrum $σ_n(A)\subset \mathbb{C}$ of an (unbounded) linear operator $A$ on a Banach space $X$ and study its properties. Our definition is closely related to the numerical range $W(A)$ of $A$ and always yields a superset of $W(A)$. In the case of bounded operators on Hilbert spaces, the two notions coincide. However, unlike the numerical range, $σ_n(A)$ is always closed, convex and contains the spectrum of $A$. In the paper we strongly emphasise the connection of our approach to the theory of $C_0$-semigroups.
In this paper several joint spectra for a finite commuting family of closed operators in Banach space are considered, some new relations between these spectra established (earlier only the inclusion of the Taylor spectrum in the commutant one was known), and in the case of semigroup generators spectral mapping theorems for such spectra are proved. Several of this theorems are generalizations of preceding results due to the author. Applications to stability of multiparametric semigroups are given.
In this paper, we continue the investigation of topological properties of unbounded norm (un-)topology in normed lattices. We characterize separability and second countability of un-topology in terms of properties of the underlying normed lattice. We apply our results to prove that an order continuous Banach function space $X$ over a semi-finite measure space is separable if and only if it has a $σ$-finite carrier and is separable with respect to the topology of local convergence in measure. We also address the question when a normed lattice is a normal space with respect to the un-topology.
In this paper, using the concept of unbounded absolute weak convergence ($uaw$-convergence, for short) in a Banach lattice, we define two classes of continuous operators, named $uaw$-Dunford-Pettis and $uaw$-compact operators. We investigate some properties and relations between them. In particular, we consider some hypotheses on domain or range spaces of operators such that the adjoint or the modulus of a $uaw$-Dunford-Pettis or $uaw$-compact operator inherits a similar property. In addition, we look into some connections between compact operators, weakly compact operators, and Dunford-Pettis…
Let $A$ be an unbounded operator on a Banach space $X$. It is sometimes useful to improve the operator $A$ by extending it to an operator $B$ on a larger Banach space $Y$ with smaller spectrum. It would be preferable to do this with some estimates for the resolvent of $B$, and also to extend bounded operators related to $A$, for example a semigroup generated by $A$. When $X$ is a Hilbert space, one may also want $Y$ to be Hilbert space. Results of this type for bounded operators have been given by Arens, Read, Müller and Badea, and we give some extensions of their results to unbounded operator…
We study the differential equation $\frac{\partial G}{\partial\bar z}=g$ with an unbounded Banach-valued Bochner measurable function $g$ on the open unit disk $\mathbb D\subset\mathbb C$. We prove that under some conditions on the growth and essential support of $g$ such equation has a bounded solution given by a continuous linear operator. The obtained results are applicable to the Banach-valued corona problem for the algebra of bounded holomorphic functions on $\mathbb D$ with values in a complex commutative unital Banach algebra.
A basic result in semigroup theory states that every $C_0$-semigroup is quasi-contractive with respect to some appropriately chosen equivalent norm. This paper contains a counterpart of this well-known fact. Namely, by examining the convergence of the Trotter-type formula $(e^{\frac{t}{n}A}P)^n$ (where $P$ denotes a bounded projection), we prove that whenever the generator $A$ is unbounded it is possible to introduce an equivalent norm on the space with respect to which the semigroup is {\it{not}} quasi-contractive.
Generalized hyperbolicity for diffeomorphisms of Banach spaces
Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio)(天主教里约热内卢 Pontifical University);Institute of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science, University of São Paulo (IME-USP)(圣保罗大学数学、统计和计算机科学学院)
We present a way to turn an arbitrary (unbounded) metric space $\mathcal{M}$ into a bounded metric space $\mathcal{B}$ in such a way that the corresponding Lipschitz-free spaces $\mathcal{F}(\mathcal{M})$ and $\mathcal{F}(\mathcal{B})$ are isomorphic. The construction we provide is functorial in a weak sense and has the advantage of being explicit. Apart from its intrinsic theoretical interest, it has many applications in that it allows to transfer many arguments valid for Lipschitz-free spaces over bounded spaces to Lipschitz-free spaces over unbounded spaces. Furthermore, we show that with a…