Maria Calle, Darren Lee
We show that there exists a metric with positive scalar curvature on S2xS1 and a sequence of embedded minimal cylinders that converges to a minimal lamination that, in a neighborhood of a strictly stable 2-sphere, is smooth except at two helicoid-like singularities on the 2-sphere. The construction is inspired by a recent example by D. Hoffman and B. White.
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In this paper we describe a new deformation that connects minimal disks with planar ends with minimal disks with helicoidal ends. In this way, we are able to construct a family of complete minimal surfaces with helicoidal ends that contains the singly periodic genus one helicoid of Hoffman, Karcher and Wei.
Observing a linear superposition principle, a family of new minimal hypersurfaces in Euclidean space is found, as well as that linear combinations of generalized helicoids induce new algebraic minimal cones of arbitrarily high degree.
We prove that for each positive integer g, there exists a complete minimal surface of genus g that is properly embedded in three-dimensional euclidean space and that is asymptotic to the helicoid.
We show that an embedded minimal disk in R^3 with large curvature is bilipschitz with a piece of a helicoid. Additionally, a simplified proof of the uniqueness of the helicoid is provided.
We prove that if a complete, properly embedded, finite-topology minimal surface in S^2 x R contains a line, then its ends are asymptotic to helicoids, and that if the surface is an annulus, it must be a helicoid.
We consider families of embedded, screw motion invariant minimal surfaces in $\R^3$ which limit to parking garage structures. We derive balance equations for the nodal limit and regenerate to obtain surfaces corresponding to solutions. We thus prove the existence of many new examples with helicoidal or planar ends.
The ends of a complete embedded minimal surface of {\em finite total curvature} are well understood (every such end is asymptotic to a catenoid or to a plane). We give a similar characterization for a large class of ends of {\em infinite total curvature}, showing that each such end is asymptotic to a helicoid. The result applies, in particular, to the genus one helicoid and implies that it is embedded outside of a compact set in ${\mathbb R}^3$.
For every genus $g$, we prove that $S^2 \times R$ contains complete, properly embedded, genus-$g$ minimal surfaces whose two ends are asymptotic to helicoids of any prescribed pitch. We also show that as the radius of the $S^2$ tends to infinity, these examples converge smoothly to complete, properly embedded minimal surfaces in $R^3$ that are helicoidal at infinity. We prove that helicoidal surfaces in $R^3$ of every prescribed genus occur as such limits of examples in $S^2\times R$.
Helicoidal minimal surfaces of prescribed genus, I
本文证明 S^2×R 中存在任意亏格、两端渐近于指定螺距螺旋面的完备真嵌入极小曲面，并说明其在半径趋于无穷时收敛为 R^3 中无穷远呈螺旋状的极小曲面。
There exists a properly embedded minimal surface of genus one with one end. The end is asymptotic to the end of the helicoid. This genus one helicoid is constructed as the limit of a continuous one-parameter family of screw-motion invariant minimal surfaces--also asymptotic to the helicoid--that have genus equal to one in the quotient.
A Note on Helicoidal Singular Minimal Surfaces
本文研究在单参数螺旋运动下不变的奇异极小曲面，证明其螺旋轴必正交于给定单位向量、参数α=-1，且曲面必为正圆柱面。
In this article, we construct two one-parameter families of properly embedded minimal surfaces in a three-dimensional Lie group $\widetilde{E(2)}$, which is the universal covering of the group of rigid motions of Euclidean plane endowed with a left-invariant Riemannian metric. The first one can be seen as a family of helicoids, while the second one is a family of catenoidal minimal surfaces. The main tool that we use for the construction of these surfaces is a Weierstrass-type representation introduced by Meeks, Mira, Pérez and Ros for minimal surfaces in Lie groups of dimension three. In the …
Our goal is to generalize the Choe-Hoppe helicoid and Clifford cones in Euclidean space. By sweeping out $L$ indpendent Clifford cones in ${\mathbb{R}}^{2N+2}$ via the multi-screw motion, we construct minimal submanifolds in ${\mathbb{R}}^{L(2N+2)+1}$. Also, we sweep out the $L$-rays Clifford cone (introduced in Section 2.3) in ${\mathbb{R}}^{L(2N+2)}$ to construct minimal submanifolds in ${\mathbb{R}}^{L(2N+2)+1}$. Our minimal submanifolds unify various interesting examples: Choe-Hoppe's helicoid of codimension one, cone over Lawson's ruled minimal surfaces in ${\mathbb{S}}^{3}$, Barbosa-Dajc…
We prove: a properly embedded, genus-one minimal surface that is asymptotic to a helicoid and that contains two straight lines must intersect that helicoid precisely in those two lines. In particular, the two lines divide the surface into two connected components that lie on either side of the helicoid. We prove an analogous result for periodic helicoid-like surfaces. We also give a simple condition guaranteeing that an immersed minimal surface with finite genus and bounded curvature is asymptotic to a helicoid at infinity.
In this paper, we study the stability of catenoids and helicoids in the hyperbolic $3$-space $\mathbb{H}^3$. (1) For a family of spherical minimal catenoids $\{\mathcal{C}_a\}_{a>0}$ in $\mathbb{H}^3$, there exist two constants $0<a_c<a_l$ such that $\bullet$ $\mathcal{C}_a$ is an unstable minimal surface with index one if $a<a_c$, $\bullet$ $\mathcal{C}_a$ is a globally stable minimal surface if $a\geq{}a_c$, and $\bullet$ $\mathcal{C}_a$ is a least area minimal surface in the sense of Meeks and Yau if $a\geq{}a_l$. (2) For a family of minimal helicoids $\{\mathcal{H}_{\bar{a}}\}_{\bar{a…
There exist two new embedded minimal surfaces, asymptotic to the helicoid. One is periodic, with quotient (by orientation-preserving translations) of genus one. The other is nonperiodic of genus one.
Helicoidal minimal surfaces in the 3-sphere: An approach via spherical curves
该研究证明了三维球面中由轴距连续函数给定平均/高斯曲率的球面螺旋面的存在唯一性，推广了欧氏空间belicoid与catenoid的共轭关系，以球面曲线的球面角动量为关键工具确定Lawson意义下的伴随曲面。
We construct Colding-Minicozzi limit minimal laminations in open domains in $\rth$ with the singular set of $C^1$-convergence being any properly embedded $C^{1,1}$-curve. By Meeks' $C^{1,1}$-regularity theorem, the singular set of convergence of a Colding-Minicozzi limit minimal lamination ${\cal L}$ is a locally finite collection $S({\cal L})$ of $C^{1,1}$-curves that are orthogonal to the leaves of the lamination. Thus, our existence theorem gives a complete answer as to which curves appear as the singular set of a Colding-Minicozzi limit minimal lamination. In the case the curve is the unit…
We describe all possible self-similar motions of immersed hypersurfaces in Euclidean space under the mean curvature flow and derive the corresponding hypersurface equations. Then we present a new two-parameter family of immersed helicoidal surfaces that rotate/translate with constant velocity under the flow. We look at their limiting behaviour as the pitch of the helicoidal motion goes to 0 and compare it with the limiting behaviour of the classical helicoidal minimal surfaces. Finally, we give a classification of the immersed cylinders in the family of constant mean curvature helicoidal surfa…
For a family of minimal helicoids H_a in the hyperbolic 3-space, there exists a constant a_c=2.17966 such that the following statements are true: (1) H_a is a globally stable minimal surface if 0<=a<=a_c, and (2) H_a is an unstable minimal surface with index one if a>a_c.
We prove by variational means the existence of a complete, properly embedded, genus-one minimal surface in R^3 that is asymptotic to a helicoid at infinity. We also prove existence of surfaces that are asymptotic to a helicoid away from the helicoid's axis, but that have infinitely many handles arranged periodically along the axis. Finally, we prove some new properties of such helicoid-like surfaces.
In this paper we generalize a classical result of Bour concerning helicoidal surfaces in the three-dimensional Euclidean space R^3 to the case of helicoidal surfaces in the Bianchi-Cartan-Vranceanu (BCV) spaces, i.e. in the Riemannian 3-manifolds whose metrics have groups of isometries of dimension $4$ or $6$, except the hyperbolic one. In particular, we prove that in a BCV-space there exists a two-parameter family of helicoidal surfaces isometric to a given helicoidal surface; then, by making use of this two-parameter representation, we characterize helicoidal surfaces which have constant mea…
Colding and Minicozzi have shown that an embedded minimal disk $0\inΣ\subset B_R$ in $\Real^3$ with large curvature at 0 looks like a helicoid on the scale of $R$. Near 0, this can be sharpened: on the scale of $|A|^{-1}(0)$, $Σ$ is close, in a Lipschitz sense, to a piece of a helicoid. We use surfaces constructed by Colding and Minicozzi to see this description cannot hold on the scale $R$.
We point out an interesting connection between fluid dynamics and minimal surface theory: When gluing helicoids into a minimal surface, the limit positions of the helicoids correspond to a "vortex crystal", an equilibrium of point vortices in 2D fluid that move together as a rigid body. While vortex crystals have been studied for almost 150 years, the gluing construction of minimal surfaces is relatively new. As a consequence of the connection, we obtain many new minimal surfaces and some new vortex crystals by simply comparing notes.
In \cite{CM5}, Colding and Minicozzi describe a type of compactness property possessed by sequences of embedded minimal surfaces in $\Real^3$ with finite genus and with boundaries going to $\infty$. They show that any such sequence either contains a sub-sequence with uniformly bounded curvature or the sub-sequence has certain prescribed singular behavior. In this paper, we sharpen their description of the singular behavior when the surfaces have connected boundary. Using this, we deduce certain additional compactness properties of the space of genus-$g$ helicoids.
We prove the existence of a complete, embedded, singly periodic minimal surface, whose quotient by vertical translations has genus one and two ends. The existence of this surface was announced in our paper in {\it Bulletin of the AMS}, 29(1):77--84, 1993. Its ends in the quotient are asymptotic to one full turn of the helicoid, and, like the helicoid, it contains a vertical line. Modulo vertical translations, it has two parallel horizontal lines crossing the vertical axis. The nontrivial symmetries of the surface, modulo vertical translations, consist of: $180^\circ$ rotation about the vertica…
We construct helicoid-like embedded minimal disks with axes along self-similar curves modeled on logarithmic spirals. The surfaces have a self-similarity inherited from the curves and the nature of the construction. Moreover, inside of a "logarithmic cone", the surfaces are embedded.
The Dirichlet problem for the minimal surface equation on unbounded helicoidal domains of $\mathbb{R}^{m}$
该研究针对$\u211d^{n+1}$中螺旋投影为外域的无界$G$-不变$C^{2,\u03b1}$-域，证明了零边界极小曲面Dirichlet问题存在一族梯度边界上确界为$|s|$的$G$-不变解，并补充了解的无穷远行为信息。
This paper characterizes a compact piece of the helicoid $H_C$ in a solid cylinder $C \subset \mathbb{R}^3$ from the following two perspectives. First, under reasonable conditions, $H_C$ has the smallest area among all immersed surfaces $Σ$ with $\partial Σ\subset d_1 \cup d_2 \cup S$, where $d_1$ and $d_2$ are the diameters of the top and bottom disks of $C$ and $S$ is the side surface of $C$. Second, other than $H_C$, there exists no minimal surface whose boundary consists of $d_1$, $d_2$, and a pair of \textcolor{black}{rotationally symmetric} curves $γ_1$, $γ_2$ on $S$ along which it meets…
The Clifford torus is a product surface in $\mathbb S^3$ and it is helicoidal. It will be shown that more minimal submanifolds of $\mathbb S^n$ have these properties.
In this paper we deal with the uniqueness of the Lorentzian helicoid and Enneper's surface among properly embedded maximal surfaces with lightlike boundary of mirror symmetry in the Lorentz-Minkowski space L3.
We study properly embedded and immersed p(pseudohermitian)-minimal surfaces in the 3-dimensional Heisenberg group. From the recent work of Cheng, Hwang, Malchiodi, and Yang, we learn that such surfaces must be ruled surfaces. There are two types of such surfaces: band type and annulus type according to their topology. We give an explicit expression for these surfaces. Among band types there is a class of properly embedded p-minimal surfaces of so called helicoid type. We classify all the helicoid type p-minimal surfaces. This class of p-minimal surfaces includes all the entire p-minimal graphs…
Compactness and Willmore Energy of Helicoidal Minimal Surfaces in the 3-Sphere
本文解决了三维球面中双参数螺旋极小曲面族$\text{Hel}_c^h$的紧性判定问题，给出紧成员的刻画条件并计算了对应紧浸入曲面的Willmore能量。
In this paper, we show that a complete embedded minimal surface in $\Real^3$ with finite topology and one end is conformal to a once-punctured compact Riemann surface. Moreover, using the conformality and embeddedness, we examine the Weierstrass data and conclude that every such surface has Weierstrass data asymptotic to that of the helicoid. More precisely, if $g$ is the stereographic projection of the Gauss map, then in a neighborhood of the puncture, $g(p) = \exp(iαz(p) + F(p))$, where $α\in \Real$, $z=x_3+ix_3^*$ is a holomorphic coordinate defined in this neighborhood and $F(p)$ is holomo…
In a previous paper the author introduced the notion of TreadmillSled of a curve, which is an operator that takes regular curves in R^2 to curves in R^2. This operator turned out to be very useful to describe helicoidal surfaces, for example, it provides an interpretation for the profile curve of helicoidal surfaces with constant mean curvature similar to the well known interpretation of the profile curve of Delaunay's surfaces using conics. Recentely, Palmer and Kuhns used the TreadmillSled to classify all helicoidal surfaces with constant anisotropic mean curvature coming from axially symmet…
These notes outline recent developments in classical minimal surface theory that are essential in classifying the properly embedded minimal planar domains M in R^3 with infinite topology (equivalently, with an infinite number of ends). This final classification result by Meeks, Perez, and Ros states that such an M must be congruent to a homothetic scaling of one of the classical examples found by Riemann in 1860. These examples {\cal R}_s, 0<s<\infty, are defined in terms of the Weierstrass {\cal P}-functions {\cal P}_t on the rectangular elliptic curve {\C} / {< 1, t\sqrt{-1}>}, are singly-pe…
We construct two one-parameter families of minimal properly embedded surfaces in the Lie group Sol3 using a Weierstrass-type representation. These surfaces are not invariant by a one-parameter group of ambient isometries. The first one can be viewed as a family of helicoids, and the second one is a family of minimal annuli called catenoids. Finally we study limits of these catenoids, and in particular we show that one of these limits is a new minimal entire graph.
It is shown that parts of planes, helicoids and hyperbolic paraboloids are the only minimal surfaces ruled by geodesics in the three dimensional Riemannian Heisenberg group. It is also shown that they are the only surfaces in the three dimensional Heisenberg group whose mean curvature is zero with respect to both of the standard Riemannian metric and the standard Lorentzian metric.
We describe the family of minimal graphs on strips with boundary values $\pm\infty$ disposed alternately on edges of length one, and whose conjugate graphs are contained in horizontal slabs of width one in $\mathbb{R}^3$. We can obtain as limits of such graphs the helicoid, all the doubly periodic Scherk minimal surfaces and the singly periodic Scherk minimal surface of angle $π/2$.
We construct three kinds of complete embedded minimal surfaces in $\Bbb H^2\times \Bbb R$. The first is a simply connected, singly periodic, infinite total curvature surface. The second is an annular finite total curvature surface. These two are conjugate surfaces just as the helicoid and the catenoid are in $\mathbb R^3$. The third one is a finite total curvature surface which is conformal to $\mathbb S^2\setminus\{p_1,...,p_k\}, k\geq3.$
In 1997, Collin proved that any properly embedded minimal surface in $\mathbb{R}^3$ with finite topology and more than one end has finite total Gaussian curvature. Hence, by an earlier result of Lopez and Ros, catenoids are the only non-planar, non-simply connected, properly embedded, minimal planar domains in $\mathbb{R}^3$ of finite topology. In 2005, Meeks and Rosenberg proved that the only simply connected, properly embedded minimal surfaces in $\mathbb{R}^3$ are planes and helicoids. Around 1860, Riemann defined a one-parameter family of periodic, infinite topology, properly embedded, min…
We solve the Bonnet problem for surfaces in the homogeneous 3-manifolds with a 4-dimensional isometry group. More specifically, we show that a simply connected real analytic surface in H^2xR or S^2xR is uniquely determined pointwise by its metric and its principal curvatures if and only if it is not a minimal or a properly helicoidal surface. In the remaining three types of homogeneous 3-manifolds, we show that except for constant mean curvature surfaces and helicoidal surfaces, all simply connected real analytic surfaces are pointwise determined by their metric and principal curvatures.
Rigidity of an overdetermined heat equation and minimal helicoids in space-forms
本文研究过定热方程的刚性，证明具有 $\frac 12$-性质的区域边界必为极小曲面，并将分类从 $\mathbb R^3$ 推广到其他三维空间形式，包括球面与 Clifford 献与极小双曲螺旋面。
We show that a topologically minimal disk in a tetrahedron with index $n$ is either a normal triangle, a normal quadrilateral, or a normal helicoid with boundary length 4(n+1). This mirrors geometric results of Colding and Minicozzi.
We construct the first and second Chern-Ricci functions on negatively curved minimal surfaces in ${\mathbb{R}}^{3}$ using Gauss curvature and angle functions, and establish that they become harmonic functions on the minimal surfaces. We prove that a minimal surface has constant first Chern-Ricci function if and only if it is Enneper's surface. We explicitly determine the moduli space of minimal surfaces having constant second Chern-Ricci function, which contains catenoids, helicoids, and their associate families.
The family of embedded, singly periodic minimal surfaces of Riemann have as limit-surfaces the helicoid, the catenoid, a single plane, or an infinite set of equally-spaced parallel planes.
In this paper we show how to bypass the usual difficulties in the analysis of elliptic integrals that arise when solving period problems for minimal surfaces. The method consists of replacing period problems with ordinary Sturm-Liouville problems involving the support function. We give a practical application by proving existence of the sheared Scherk-Karcher family of surfaces numerically described by Wei. Moreover, we show that this family is continuous, and both of its limit-members are the singly periodic genus-one helicoid.
Near the end of his life, Bernhard Riemann made the marvelous discovery of a 1-parameter family $R_λ$, $λ\in (0,\infty)$, of periodic properly embedded minimal surfaces in $\mathbb{R}^3$ with the property that every horizontal plane intersects each of his examples in either a circle or a straight line. Furthermore, as the parameter $λ\to 0$ his surfaces converge to a vertical catenoid and as $λ\to \infty$ his surfaces converge to a vertical helicoid. Since Riemann's minimal examples are topologically planar domains that are periodic with the fundamental domains for the associated $\mathbb{Z}$-…
We obtain isometric minimal helicoidal and rotational surfaces using generalized Bour's theorem in three dimensional Minkowski space. In addition, we show that the surfaces preserve minimality when their Gauss maps identically equal, choosing any diffentiable functions on the profile curve.
Minimal surfaces with uniform curvature (or area) bounds have been well understood and the regularity theory is complete, yet essentially nothing was known without such bounds. We discuss here the theory of embedded (i.e., without self-intersections) minimal surfaces in Euclidean 3-space without a priori bounds. The study is divided into three cases, depending on the topology of the surface. Case one is where the surface is a disk, in case two the surface is a planar domain (genus zero), and the third case is that of finite (non-zero) genus. The complete understanding of the disk case is appli…
We develop a general framework for the description of instabilities on soap films using the Björling representation of minimal surfaces. The construction is naturally geometric and the instability has the interpretation as being specified by its amplitude and transverse gradient along any curve lying in the minimal surface. When the amplitude vanishes, the curve forms part of the boundary to a critically stable domain, while when the gradient vanishes the Jacobi field is maximal along the curve. In the latter case, we show that the Jacobi field is maximally localised if its amplitude is taken …
Let $\mathcal{K}$ be the space of properly embedded minimal tori in quotients of $\R^3$ by two independent translations, with any fixed (even) number of parallel ends. After an appropriate normalization, we prove that $\mathcal{K}$ is a 3-dimensional real analytic manifold that reduces to the finite coverings of the examples defined by Karcher, Meeks and Rosenberg in \cite{ka4,ka6,mr3}. The degenerate limits of surfaces in $\mathcal{K}$ are the catenoid, the helicoid and three 1-parameter families of surfaces: the simply and doubly periodic Scherk minimal surfaces and the Riemann minimal examp…
We introduce on any smooth oriented minimal surface in Euclidean $3$-space a meromorphic quadratic differential, $P$, which we call the entropy differential. This differential arises naturally in a number of different contexts. Of particular interest is the realization of its real part as a conservation law for a natural geometric functional -- which is, essentially, the entropy of the Gauss curvature. We characterize several classical surfaces -- including Enneper's surface, the catenoid and the helicoid -- in terms of $P$. As an application, we prove a novel curvature estimate for embedded m…
It is well known that the only surfaces that are simultaneously minimal in $\mathbb{R}^3$ and maximal in $\mathbb{L}^3$ are open pieces of helicoids (in the region in which they are spacelike) and of spacelike planes (O. Kobayashi 1983). The proof of this result consists in showing that the level curves of those surfaces are lines, and so the surfaces are ruled. And it finishes comparing the classification of minimal ruled surfaces to that of maximal ruled surfaces. In this manuscript we consider the general case of spacelike hypersurfaces in the $(n+1)$-dimensional Euclidean space which are s…
We derive necessary conditions on the parameters of the ends of a CMC-1 trinoid in hyperbolic 3-space $H^{3}$ with symmetry plane by passing to its conjugate minimal surface. Together with Daniel's results, this yields a classification of generic symmetric trinoids. We also discuss the relation to other classification results of trinoids by Bobenko et al. and Umehara-Yamada. To obtain the result above, we show that the conjugate minimal surface of a catenoidal CMC-1 end in $H^{3}$ with symmetry plane is asymptotic to a suitable helicoid.
We show that the height function of Scherk's second surface decomposes into a finite sum of scaled and translated versions of itself, using an Euler Ramanujan identity. A similar result appears in R. Kamien's work on liquid crystals where he shows (using an Euler-Ramanujan identity) that the Scherk's first surface decomposes into a finite sum of scaled and translated versions of itself. We give another finite decomposition of the height function of the Scherk's first surface in terms of translated helicoids and scaled and translated Scherk's first surface. We give some more examples, for insta…
Using the complex parabolic rotations of holomorphic null curves in ${\mathbb{C}}^{4}$, we transform minimal surfaces in Euclidean space ${\mathbb{R}}^{3} \subset {\mathbb{R}}^{4}$ to a family of degenerate minimal surfaces in Euclidean space ${\mathbb{R}}^{4}$. Applying our deformation to holomorphic null curves in ${\mathbb{C}}^{3} \subset {\mathbb{C}}^{4}$ induced by helicoids in ${\mathbb{R}}^{3}$, we discover new minimal surfaces in ${\mathbb{R}}^{4}$ foliated by conic sections with eccentricity grater than $1$: hyperbolas or straight lines. Applying our deformation to holomorphic null cu…
Liouville theorem for immersed minimal surfaces in any codimension
研究了浸入最小盘在余维数任意情况下的李维定理，证明了谐函数的负部分以亚线性速率增长时为常数，从而得出更高余维数的伯恩斯坦定理，并通过猫眼曲面、螺旋面和恩内珀族曲面证明结果最优，同时展示了谐函数的均匀霍尔德正则性。
The Schwarzian derivative and the degree of a classical minimal surface
本文利用Schwarzian导数构造极小曲面上的亚纯微分序列，定义曲面次数，发现Enneper、螺旋面等具有小次数，并证明任意极小曲面可被高次数曲面逼近。
Two classification results for stationary surfaces of the least moment of inertia
本文研究最小转动惯量能量的 $\alpha$-平稳曲面，分别对直纹曲面和圆叶化曲面给出分类，刻画了不同 $\alpha$ 值下的平面、螺旋面、旋转曲面及反演曲面等情形。
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