Karl Heinrich Hofmann, Karl-Hermann Neeb
It is shown that a closed solvable subgroup of a connected Lie group is compactly generated. In particular, every discrete solvable subgroup of a connected Lie group is finitely generated. Generalizations to locally compact groups are discussed as far as they carry.
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We show that locally solvable subgroups of PLo(I) are countable. Then for each countable ordered set, we construct a locally solvable subgroup of Thompson's Group F. We develop machinery for understanding embeddings from solvable subgroups into solvable subgroups. Finally, we apply this machinery to show the ordered sets used in our construction are invariant under isomorphisms between the groups constructed. Therefore, we effectively distinguish the groups and provide uncountably many non-isomorphic locally solvable, hence elementary amenable, subgroups of Thompson's Group F.
In this paper, we investigate the difference between weak second maximal subgroups and second maximal subgroups. A sufficient and necessary condition is also given to describe such class of groups whose weak second maximal subgroups coincide with its second maximal subgroups(called WSM-groups) under the solvable case. As an application, we show that every non-vanishing element of a solvable WSM-group lies in its Fitting subgroup.
We study verbally closed subgroups of free solvable groups. A number of results is proved that give sufficient conditions under whose a verbally closed subgroup is turned to be a retract and so algebraically closed of the full group.
Assume that a finite almost simple group with simple socle isomorphic to an exceptional group of Lie type possesses a solvable Hall subgroup. Then there exist four conjugates of the subgroup such that their intersection is trivial.
We show every locally solvable subgroup of PLo(I) is countable. A corollary is that an uncountable wreath product of copies of $\mathbb{Z}$ with itself does not embed into PLo(I).
Let $G$ be a finite group and let $π$ be a set of primes. In this paper, we prove a criterion for the existence of a solvable $π$-Hall subgroup of $G$, precisely, the group $G$ has a solvable $π$-Hall subgroup if, and only if, $G$ has a $\{p,q\}$-Hall subgroup for any pair $p$, $q\inπ$.
Let G be a finitely generated linear group over a field of characteristic 0. Suppose that every solvable subgroup of G is polycyclic. Then the claim is made that any solvable subgroup of G is separable. This is proven for G=SL_n(Z). However, the proof of the main theorem in section 4 is incomplete.
We prove that every verbally closed two-generated subgroup of a free solvable group G of a finite rank is a retract of G.
The following result is received: Let $H$ be a non-normal maximal subgroup of a finite solvable group $G$ and let $q \in π(F(H/\mathrm{Core}_GH))$, then $G$ has a Sylow $q$-subgroup $Q$ such that $N_{G}(Q) \subseteq H$.
We prove a general dichotomy theorem for groups of finite Morley rank with solvable local subgroups and of Prüfer p-rank at least 2, leading either to some p-strong embedding, or to the Prüfer p-rank being exactly 2.
A New Approach from Lattice of Subgroup Sets to Generalized Solvable Extension Formations
本文提出从子群集格到广义可解扩展族的新方法，通过统一框架和极大子群集确定实现生成形成映射。
For any right-angled Artin group, we show that its outer automorphism group contains either a finite-index nilpotent subgroup or a nonabelian free subgroup. This is a weak Tits alternative theorem. We find a criterion on the defining graph that determines which case holds. We also consider some examples of solvable subgroups, including one that is not virtually nilpotent and is embedded in a non-obvious way.
In this paper we show that if S is a simple classical group, a group G is contained in inner-diagonal automorphisms of S and contains S, and H is a solvable Hall subgroup of G, then there exists five conjugates of H, whose intersection is trivial.
We consider the following problem stated by Vdovin (2010) in the "Kourovka notebook" (Problem 17.41): Let $H$ be a solvable subgroup of a finite group $G$ that has no nontrivial solvable normal subgroups. Do there always exist five conjugates of $H$ whose intersection is trivial? This problem is closely related to a conjecture by Babai, Goodman and Pyber (1997) about an upper bound for the index of a normal solvable subgroup in a finite group. In particular, a positive answer to Vdovin's problem yields that if $G$ has a solvable subgroup of index $n$, then it has a solvable normal subgroup of …
Groups with a solvable subgroup of prime-power index
本文研究了包含有限素数幂指数可解子群的群的性质，证明了此类群的商群在某些条件下会渐近趋于小。
It is shown that for a solvable subgroup $G$ of an almost simple group $S$ which socle is isomorphic to $A_n$ $ (n\ge5)$ there are $x,y,z,t \in S$ such that $G \cap G^x \cap G^y \cap G^z \cap G^t =1.$
In this paper, we focus on a question of M. Newman on isomorphic subgroups of solvable groups. We get a reduction theorem of this question: for each prime q, assume that this question holds for every characteristic q-groups, then this question holds for every finite solvable groups. Using this reduction theorem, we get some partial answers about this question.
We compute the Bieri-Neumann-Strebel invariants $Σ^1$ for the generalized solvable Baumslag-Solitar groups $Γ_n$ and their finite index subgroups. Using $Σ^1$, we show that certain finite index subgroups of $Γ_n$ cannot be isomorphic to $Γ_{k}$ for any $k$. In addition, we use the BNS-invariants to give a new proof of property $R_\infty$ for the groups $Γ_n$ and their finite index subgroups.
We lay down the fundations of the theory of groups of finite Morley rank in which local subgroups are solvable and we proceed to the local analysis of these groups. We prove the main Uniqueness Theorem, analogous to the Bender method in finite group theory, and derive its corollaries. We also consider homogeneous cases as well as torsion.
We prove that every countable group with solvable power problem embeds into a finitely presented 2-generated group with solvable power and conjugacy problems.
Given a group $G$ with bounded torsion that acts properly on a systolic complex, we show that every solvable subgroup of $G$ is finitely generated and virtually abelian of rank at most $2$. In particular this gives a new proof of the above theorem for systolic groups. The main tools used in the proof are the Product Decomposition Theorem and the Flat Torus Theorem.
For an arbitrary connected solvable spherical subgroup H of a connected semisimple algebraic group G we compute the group N_G(H), the normalizer of H in G. Thereby we complete a classification of all (not necessarily connected) solvable spherical subgroups in semisimple algebraic groups.
Let $D$ be a division ring with center $F$ and $N$ a subnormal subgroup of the multiplicative group $D^*$ of $D$. Assume that $N$ contains a non-abelian solvable subgroup. In this paper, we study the problem on the existence of non-abelian free subgroups in $N$. In particular, we show that if either $N$ is algebraic over $F$ or $F$ is uncountable, then $N$ contains a non-abelian free subgroup.
Large orbits of Hall subgroups of solvable linear groups
本文证明有限可解群中Hall子群的最大特征标次数平方至少为其某正规商群的π部分，刻画了可解线性群中Hall子群的大轨道性质。
Let $G$ be a semisimple affine algebraic group defined over a field $k$ of characteristic zero. We describe all the maximal connected solvable subgroups of $G$, defined over $k$, up to conjugation by rational points of $G$.
We consider factorizations of a finite group $G$ into conjugate subgroups, $G=A^{x_{1}}\cdots A^{x_{k}}$ for $A\leq G$ and $x_{1},\ldots ,x_{k}\in G$, where $A$ is nilpotent or solvable. First we exploit the split $BN$-pair structure of finite simple groups of Lie type to give a unified self-contained proof that every such group is a product of four or three unipotent Sylow subgroups. Then we derive an upper bound on the minimal length of a solvable conjugate factorization of a general finite group. Finally, using conjugate factorizations of a general finite solvable group by any of its Carter…
Finite solvable groups with a nilpotent normal complement subgroup
本文研究有限可解群中非正规无核子群的结构，证明在特定正规化子条件下，该子群存在幂零正规补，且相关构造形成Frobenius群。
We give a new proof that compact infra-solvmanifolds with isomorphic fundamental groups are smoothly diffeomorphic. More generally, we prove rigidity results for manifolds which are constructed using affine actions of virtually polycyclic groups on solvable Lie groups. Our results are derived from rigidity properties of subgroups in solvable linear algebraic groups.
We provide polynomial lower bounds for residual finiteness of residually finite, finitely generated solvable groups that admit infinite order elements in the Fitting subgroup of strict distortion at least exponential. For this class of solvable groups which include polycyclic groups with a nontrivial exponential radical and the metabelian Baumslag-Solitar groups, we improve the lower bounds found in the literature. Additionally, for the class of residually finite, finitely generated solvable groups of infinite Prüfer rank that satisfy the conditions of our theorem, we provide the first nontriv…
Conjugacy classes of completely reducible cube-free solvable p'-subgroups of GL(2, q)
本文针对无立方因子正整数m与不整除m的素数p，确定了一般线性群GL(2, q)（q为p的幂）中阶为m的完全可约可解无立方因子子群的共轭类数量。
Let $Σ$ be a compact orientable surface of finite type with at least one boundary component. Let $Γ\leq \textup{Mod}(Σ)$ be a non virtually solvable subgroup. We answer a question of Lubotzky by showing that there exists a finite dimensional homological representation $ρ$ of $\textup{Mod}(Σ)$ such that $ρ(Γ)$ is not virtually solvable. We then apply results of Lubotzky and Meiri to show that for any random walk on such a group the probability of landing on a power, or on an element with topological entropy $0$ both decrease exponentially in the length of the walk.
Groups with 5 nontrivial conjugacy classes of non self-normalizing subgroups are solvable
本研究针对Bianchi等人提出的关于$\mathcal{D}_5$（恰有5个非平凡非自正规子群共轭类的有限群族）由导出长度不超过3的可解群组成的猜想，完成验证并证实该猜想成立。
We develop a structure theory of connected solvable spherical subgroups in semisimple algebraic groups. Based on this theory, we obtain an explicit classification of all such subgroups up to conjugation.
M.Newman has asked if it is the case that whenever H and K are isomorphic subgroups of a finite solvable group G with H maximal, then K is also maximal. This question was considered in a paper of I.M. Isaacs and the second author, where (among other things) the answer was shown to be affirmative if H has an Abelian Sylow 2-subgroup. Here, we show that the answer is affirmative unless the index of H is a power of a prime less than 5 and we obtain further restrictions on the structure of a purported minimal counterexample.
A subgroup H of an algebraic group G is said to be strongly solvable if H is contained in a Borel subgroup of G. This paper is devoted to establishing relationships between the following three combinatorial classifications of strongly solvable spherical subgroups in reductive complex algebraic groups: Luna's general classification of arbitrary spherical subgroups restricted to the strongly solvable case, Luna's 1993 classification of strongly solvable wonderful subgroups, and the author's 2011 classification of strongly solvable spherical subgroups. We give a detailed presentation of all the t…
Parabolic subgroups and word problem in virtual Artin groups
本文研究了虚拟Artin群中标准抛物面子群的字问题，证明了在特定条件下虚拟Artin群具有可解的字问题，并探讨了强成员问题的可解性。
We describe the structure of "K-approximate subgroups'' of solvable subgroups of GL_n(C), showing that they have a large nilpotent piece. By combining this with the main result of our recent paper on approximate subgroups of torsion-free nilpotent groups, we show that such approximate subgroups are efficiently controlled by nilpotent progressions.
Let $PL_0(I)$ represent the group of orientation-preserving piecewise-linear homeomorphisms of the unit interval which admit finitely many breaks in slope, under the operation of composition. We find a non-solvable group $W$ and show that $W$ embeds in every non-solvable subgroup of $PL_0(I)$. We find mild conditions under which other non-solvable subgroups ($B$, $(\wr\Z\wr)^{\infty}$, $(\Z\wr)^{\infty}$, and $^{\infty}(\wr\Z)$) embed in subgroups of $PL_0(I)$. We show that all solvable subgroups of $PL_0(I)$ embed in all non-solvable subgroups of $PL_0(I)$. These results continue to apply if …
A new approach to classification of solvable spherical subgroups of semisimple algebraic groups is considered. This approach is completely different from the known approach by D. Luna and provides an explicit classification.
Rational cohomology and Zariski dense subgroups of solvable linear algebraic groups
本文研究了可解线性代数群中扎里斯基稠密子群的上同调性质，证明了在特定条件下，群的上同调环与子群的上同调环存在同构，并探讨了有限生成可解群的上同调表示。
In the paper we consider the following conjecture: if a finite group $G$ possesses a solvable $π$-Hall subgroup $H$, then there exist elements $x,y,z,t\in G$ such that the identity $H\cap H^x\cap H^y\cap H^z\cap H^t=O_π(G)$ holds. The minimal counter example is shown to be an almost simple group of Lie type.
Solvable Supplements to Normalizers of Cyclic 2-Subgroups
本文放宽了可解补充条件至仅对循环2-子群成立，刻画了满足该条件的有限群的非交换合成因子为特定PSL2(q)族，并给出可解性的充要条件。
We exhibit infinitely many natural numbers $n$ for which there exists at least one insolvable group of order $n$, and yet the holomorph of any solvable group of order $n$ has no insolvable regular subgroup. We also solve Problem 19.90 (d) in the Kourovka notebook.
Finite almost simple groups whose holomorph contains a solvable regular subgroup
本文分类了全形包含可解正则子群的有限几乎单群，推广了先前对非交换单群的结果，并刻画了可解扩张上的Hopf-Galois结构类型。
On the finite solvable $PNC$-groups
本文研究有限可解PNC-群的基本性质，给出其为可解PNC-群的充分条件，并刻画最小非ON-群、ON-群及相关单群和子群条件。
Solvable Automorphism Groups of Varieties
研究证明，当变种X为准仿射时，由包含单位的不可约族生成的可解子群为代数子群，且连通可解子群导出长度不超过n+1，X同构于仿射空间且Borel子群与Jonquières子群共轭。
Polynomial-time isomorphism test for solvable groups with abelian Sylow subgroups
本文针对具有阿贝尔Sylow子群的群（A-群）提出多项式时间同构测试算法，推广了Babai和Qiao关于可解群的结果，并利用了其计算方法和A-群的结构性质。
On The Largest Character Degree And Solvable Subgroups Of Finite Groups
本文研究了有限群的最大不可约特征标次数与可解子群的关系，将 Qian 和 Yang 在 2017 年证明的指数上界 $3$ 改进为 $3\log_{504}(168)<2.471$。
We show that if G is a finite group then no chain of modular elements in its subgroup lattice L(G) is longer than a chief series. Also, we show that if G is a nonsolvable finite group then every maximal chain in L(G) has length at least two more than that of the chief length of G, thereby providing a converse of a result of J. Kohler. Our results enable us to give a new characterization of finite solvable groups involving only the combinatorics of subgroup lattices. Namely, a finite group G is solvable if and only if L(G) contains a maximal chain X and a chain M consisting entirely of modular …
We introduce moment maps for continuous unitary representations of general topological groups. For solvable separable locally compact groups, we prove that the closure of the image of the moment map of any representation is convex.
Let $G$ be a simply connected, solvable Lie group and $Γ$ a lattice in $G$. The deformation space $\mathcal{D}(Γ,G)$ is the orbit space associated to the action of $\Aut(G)$ on the space $\mathcal{X}(Γ,G)$ of all lattice embeddings of $Γ$ into $G$. Our main result generalises the classical rigidity theorems of Mal'tsev and Saitô for lattices in nilpotent Lie groups and in solvable Lie groups of real type. We prove that the deformation space of every Zariski-dense lattice $Γ$ in $G$ is finite and Hausdorff, provided that the maximal nilpotent normal subgroup of $G$ is connected. This implies th…
We prove that an element $g$ of prime order $>3$ belongs to the solvable radical $R(G)$ of a finite (or, more generally, a linear) group if and only if for every $x\in G$ the subgroup generated by $g, xgx^{-1}$ is solvable. This theorem implies that a finite (or a linear) group $G$ is solvable if and only if in each conjugacy class of $G$ every two elements generate a solvable subgroup.
Locally Solvable Radicals via Wilson Radical Sets and Subgroup Lattices
本文研究群的局部可解根，利用Wilson序列证明局部（可解-有限）群等的相关根等式，给出根成员的共轭、换位子刻画及近模子群格群的对应结果。
On the degrees of irreducible characters fixed by some field automorphism, p-solvable groups
本文将实值不可约特征标奇次数蕴含正规Sylow 2-子群的结论推广到p-可解群，证明若p不整除被p阶域自同构固定的不可约特征标次数，则该群具有正规Sylow p-子群。
Let $G$ be a finite almost simple group with socle $G_0$. A (nontrivial) factorization of $G$ is an expression of the form $G=HK$, where the factors $H$ and $K$ are core-free subgroups. There is an extensive literature on factorizations of almost simple groups, with important applications in permutation group theory and algebraic graph theory. In a recent paper, Li and Xia describe the factorizations of almost simple groups with a solvable factor $H$. Several infinite families arise in the context of classical groups and in each case a solvable subgroup of $G_0$ containing $H \cap G_0$ is iden…
Let $G$ be a finite group, $μ$ be the Möbius function on the subgroup lattice of $G$, and $λ$ be the Möbius function on the poset of conjugacy classes of subgroups of $G$. It was proved by Pahlings that, whenever $G$ is solvable, the property $μ(H,G)=[N_{G^\prime}(H):G^{\prime}\cap H]\cdotλ(H,G)$ holds for any subgroup $H$ of $G$. It is known that this property does not hold in general; for instance it does not hold for every simple groups, the Mathieu group $M_{12}$ being a counterexample. In this paper we investigate the relation between $μ$ and $λ$ for some classes of non-solvable groups; a…
This is an expository paper. It is not difficult to see that every group homomorphism from the additive group Z of integers to the additive group R of real numbers extends to a homomorphism from R to R. We discuss other examples of discrete subgroups D of connected Lie groups G, such that the homomorphisms defined on D can ("virtually") be extended to homomorphisms defined on all of G. For the case where G is solvable, we give a simple proof that D has this property if it is Zariski dense. The key ingredient is a result on the existence of syndetic hulls.
First let $G$ be a completely solvable Lie group. We recall the proof of the following result: Any closed subgroup of $G$ possesses a unique syndetic hull in $G$. As a consequence we conclude that any uniform subgroup $Γ$ of $G$ is strongly rigid in the sense of G. D. Mostow: If $α:Γ\to G$ is a homomorphism of Lie groups such that $α(Γ)$ is uniform in $G$, then there is an automorphism $φ$ of $G$ such that $φ\,|\,Γ=α$. Now let $G$ be an arbitrary (exponential) solvable Lie group. We discuss certain conditions on closed subgroups of $G$ which are sufficient for the existence of a syndetic hull.
Locally solvable maximal subgroups in division rings
本文研究除环中几乎次正规子群的极大子群，证明含非交换局部可解极大子群时除环为素数阶循环代数，且局部幂零极大子群必交换。
2-covering numbers of some finite solvable groups
本文推翻了关于有限可解群2覆盖数的猜想，指出其不满足σ₂(G)=1+q+q²的结论。
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