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arXiv quant-ph/0601193quant-phgr-qc
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量子力学与广义相对论的接口

The Interface between Quantum Mechanics and General Relativity

Raymond Y. Chiao

摘要:

考虑通过带电超流体产生以及检测引力辐射。这种“带电超流体”的一个例子是由一对普朗克质量尺度的超冷“密立根油滴”组成,每个油滴表面都有一个电子,其中油滴被超流体氦取代。当悬浮在磁阱中,并受到微波频率的电磁辐射时,一对被微波波长分开的这种“密立根油滴”可以成为四极电磁辐射和引力辐射之间的有效量子转换器。这导致了一个类似赫兹实验的可能性,在这个实验中,微波频率的引力辐射源由一对由微波驱动的“密立根油滴”组成,而这种辐射的接收器由另一对由第一对产生的引力辐射驱动的远场中的“密立根油滴”组成。然后第二对将重力辐射反向转换为可检测的微波。这些量子转换器的转换效率比电子的转换效率有很大的提高,这是因为在这些带电超流系统中存在宏观量子相位相干性。

英文摘要:

The generation, as well as the detection, of gravitational radiation by means of charged superfluids is considered. One example of such a "charged superfluid" consists of a pair of Planck-mass-scale, ultracold "Millikan oil drops," each with a single electron on its surface, in which the oil of the drop is replaced by superfluid helium. When levitated in a magnetic trap, and subjected to microwave-frequency electromagnetic radiation, a pair of such "Millikan oil drops" separated by a microwave wavelength can become an efficient quantum transducer between quadrupolar electromagnetic and gravitational radiation. This leads to the possibility of a Hertz-like experiment, in which the source of microwave-frequency gravitational radiation consists of one pair of "Millikan oil drops" driven by microwaves, and the receiver of such radiation consists of another pair of "Millikan oil drops" in the far field driven by the gravitational radiation generated by the first pair. The second pair then back-converts the gravitional radiation into detectable microwaves. The enormous enhancement of the conversion efficiency for these quantum transducers over that for electrons arises from the fact that there exists macroscopic quantum phase coherence in these charged superfluid systems.

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