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arXiv quant-ph/0501131quant-ph
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论狭义相对论与量子力学的概率相容性

On the Probabilistic Compatibility of Special Relativity and Quantum Mechanics

Thomas Marlow

摘要:

在本文中,我们介绍了三个主要的概念,概率使用的物理学家和讨论如何使用时,调用类空分离的观察员在相对论的格式。我们讨论一个标准的EPRB实验,并集中在概率的解释问题。我们提倡一种特别保守的解释这个实验(不需要调用一个客观的概念崩溃)的概率,暂时,被动洛伦兹不变。我们还认为,海森堡图片是更可取的相对论性的情况下,由于薛定谔图片和被动的洛伦兹变换的概率之间的冲突。在本文的大部分时间里,我们讨论了概率的相对频率解释,因为这是最常用的。我们还介绍了逻辑上必要的概念“先验频率”在讨论是否由一个观察者的选择可以有任何因果关系的测量结果后,另一个。我们还严格审查的基本使用的相对频率在无信号定理。我们认为,SQT和SR是概率相容的,虽然我们不讨论他们是否是在单个事件的水平上兼容。

英文摘要:

In this paper we introduce the three main notions of probability used by physicists and discuss how these are to be used when invoking spacelike separated observers in a relativistic format. We discuss a standard EPRB experiment and concentrate upon problems of the interpretation of probabilities. We promote a particularly conservative interpretation of this experiment (which need not invoke an objective notion of collapse) where probabilities are, tentatively, passively Lorentz invariant. We also argue that the Heisenberg picture is preferable in relativistic situations due to a conflict between the Schrodinger picture and passive Lorentz transformations of probabilities. Throughout most of this paper we discuss the relative frequency interpretation of probability as this is most commonly used. We also introduce the logically necessary notion of `prior-frequency' in discussing whether the choice by an observer can have any causal effect upon the measurement results of another. We also critically examine the foundational use of relative frequency in no-signalling theorems. We argue that SQT and SR are probabilistically compatible, although we do not discuss whether they are compatible on the level of individual events.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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