AI 中文总结
研究探讨量子场论与相对论中事件锚定问题，提出以事件为中心框架，通过局部经典化等三个条件表征事件锚定，在重复碰撞开放系统模型中实现，该框架解决事件何时成稳定时空事实问题，与标准理论兼容且不涉及事件生成相关问题。
AI 中文摘要
广义相对论围绕时空事件及其因果顺序自然构建，而量子场论依据态、算符和幺正演化表述，缺乏量子过程何时成为确定时空事实的内在标准。我们提出一个以事件为中心的框架，其中事件是由量子 - 环境相互作用产生的局部不可逆记录，作为量子动力学与相对论时空结构的界面。事件锚定通过局部经典化、冗余环境记录和抗恢复不可逆性这三个联合充分条件进行操作表征，其共同满足定义了局部生成冻结。我们在一个明确的重复碰撞开放系统模型中实现这些标准。该模型具有说明性而非从相对论量子场论推导而来，但全局保持幺正并以封闭形式给出冻结时间。对于所有可允许的容差，局部经典化在通道级不可恢复性之前得到认证，通常更早。完全锚定仅在达到不可恢复性和所需记录冗余时发生，产生不可恢复性限制和冗余限制 regime。在锚定记录层面，物理历史因此表示为冻结事件的部分有序因果骨架，有效场论描述作用于其上。该框架解决了事件锚定问题——候选结果何时成为稳定时空事实——同时与标准量子场论和相对论因果性兼容。它未推导玻恩规则或解决单结果选择问题，这些属于事件生成的单独问题。
英文摘要
General relativity (GR) is naturally organized around spacetime events and their causal order, whereas quantum field theory (QFT) is formulated in terms of states, operators, and unitary evolution, without an intrinsic criterion for when a quantum process becomes a definite spacetime fact. We propose an event-centered framework in which events are locally irreversible records generated by quantum-environment interactions and serve as an interface between quantum dynamics and relativistic spacetime structure. Event anchoring is characterized operationally by three jointly sufficient conditions: local classicalization, redundant environmental recording, and irreversibility against recovery. Their joint satisfaction defines local generative freezing. We realize these criteria in an explicit repeated-collision open-system model. The model is illustrative rather than a derivation from relativistic QFT, but it remains globally unitary and yields the freezing time in closed form. For all admissible tolerances, local classicalization is certified no later than channel-level irrecoverability, and generically earlier. Full anchoring occurs only when both irrecoverability and the required record redundancy have been reached, producing irrecoverability-limited and redundancy-limited regimes. At the level of anchored records, physical history is therefore represented as a partially ordered causal skeleton of frozen events on which effective field-theoretic descriptions operate. The framework addresses event anchoring--when a candidate outcome becomes a stable spacetime fact--while remaining compatible with standard QFT and relativistic causality. It does not derive the Born rule or solve single-outcome selection, which belong to the separate problem of event generation.
CommentsAccepted for publication in Annals of Physics. 13 pages, 3 figures
