C. Quesne, B. Bagchi, S. Mallik, H. Bila, V. Jakubsky, M. Znojil
In a box of size $L$, a spatially antisymmetric square-well potential of a purely imaginary strength ${\rm i}g$ and size $l < L$ is interpreted as an initial element of the SUSY hierarchy of solvable Hamiltonians, the energies of which are all real for $g < g_c(l)$. The first partner potential is constructed in closed form and discussed.
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We obtain exact solutions of the one-dimensional Schrodinger equation for some families of associated Lame potentials with arbitrary energy through a suitable ansatz, which may be appropriately extended for other such a families. The formalism of supersymmetric quantum mechanics is used to generate new exactly solvable potentials.
The general solution of the stationary Schrodinger equation for the associated Lame potentials with an arbitrary real energy is found. The supersymmetric partners are generated by employing seeds solutions for factorization energies inside the gaps.
Supersymmetry transformations of first and second order are used to generate Hamiltonians with known spectra departing from the harmonic oscillator with an infinite potential barrier. It is studied also the way in which the eigenfunctions of the initial Hamiltonian are transformed. The first and certain second order supersymmetric partners of the initial Hamiltonian possess third-order differential ladder operators. Since systems with this kind of operators are linked with the Painlevé IV equation, several solutions of this non-linear second-order differential equation will be simply found.
Quantum Hamilton-Jacobi formalism is used to give a proof for Gozzi's criterion that for eigenstates of the supersymmetric partners, corresponding to same energy, the difference in the number of nodes is equal to one when supersymmetry (SUSY) is unbroken and is zero when SUSY is broken. We show that this proof is also applicable to the case, where isospectral deformation is involved.
Supersymmetric partners of the trigonometric Poschl-Teller potentials
本文通过一阶和二阶超对称变换从三角波薛定谔势构造具有可控能谱的新哈密顿量，系统研究了修改能级与边界行为。
The Parity-Time ($\mathcal{PT}$) symmetric potentials are derived by non-Hermitian supersymmetric quantum mechanics for square well and barrier. These $\mathcal{PT}$-supersymmetric square well and barrier. The partners have complex partners. The partners are isospectral with real energies. $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetry is only unbroken for the bound states.
The $\cal PT$-symmetric complexified Scarf II potential $V(x)= - V_1 \sech^{2}x + {\rm i} V_2 \sech x \tanh x$, $V_1>0$ , $V_{2}\neq 0$ is revisited to study the interplay among its coupling parameters. The existence of an isolated real and positive energy level that has been recently identified as a spectral singularity or zero-width resonance is here demonstrated through the behaviour of the corresponding wavefunctions and some property of the associated pseudo-norms is pointed out. We also construct four different rationally-extended supersymmetric partners to $V(x)$, which are $\cal PT$-sy…
We find supersymmetric partners of a family of self-adjoint operators which are self-adjoint extensions of the differential operator $-d^2/dx^2$ on $L^2[-a,a]$, $a>0$, that is, the one dimensional infinite square well. First of all, we classify these self-adjoint extensions in terms of several choices of the parameters determining each of the extensions. There are essentially two big groups of extensions. In one, the ground state has strictly positive energy. On the other, either the ground state has zero or negative energy. In the present paper, we show that each of the extensions belonging t…
New non Hermitian Hamiltonians are generated, as isospectral partners of the generalized Swanson model, viz., $ H_- = {\cal{A}}^{\dagger} {\cal{A}} + α{\cal{A}} ^2 + β{\cal{A}}^{\dagger 2} $, where $ αβ$ are real constants, with $ α\neq β$, and ${\cal{A}}^{\dagger}$ and ${\cal{A}}$ are generalized creation and annihilation operators. It is shown that the initial Hamiltonian $H_-$, and its partner $H_+$, are related by pseudo supersymmetry, and they share all the eigen energies except for the ground state. This pseudo supersymmetric extension enlarges the class of non Hermitian Hamiltonians $H_…
We connect the classical free damping cases by means of Rosner's construction in supersymmetric quantum mechanics. Starting with the critical damping, one can obtain in the underdamping case a chirping of instantaneous physical frequency ω^{2}(t) \propto ω_{u}^{2}sech^2(ω_{u}t), whereas in the overdamped case the "chirping" is of the (unphysical) type ω^{2}(t)\proptoω_{o}^{2}sec^{2}(ω_{o}t), where ω_{u}$ and $ω_{o} are the underdamped and overdamped frequency parameters, respectively
Green's functions for reflectionless potentials are constructed and analyzed. Green's functions for power law potentials, their Super Symmetric partners and sum rules for eigenvalues are examined. The SUSY partner potentials to power law potentials which have an additional bound state at $E=0$ are constructed.
The generalization of the factorization method performed by Mielnik [J. Math. Phys. {\bf 25}, 3387 (1984)] opened new ways to generate exactly solvable potentials in quantum mechanics. We present an application of Mielnik's method to hypergeometric type operators. It is based on some solvable Riccati equations and leads to a unitary description of the quantum systems exactly solvable in terms of orthogonal polynomials or associated special functions.
We address the problem of identifying the (nonstationary) quantum systems that admit supersymmetric dynamical invariants. In particular, we give a general expression for the bosonic and fermionic partner Hamiltonians. Due to the supersymmetric nature of the dynamical invariant the solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation for the partner Hamiltonians can be easily mapped to one another. We use this observation to obtain a class of exactly solvable time-dependent Schrödinger equations. As applications of our method, we construct classes of exactly solvable time-dependent generalized …
Supersymmetric quantum mechanics is constructed in a new non-Hermitian representation. Firstly, the map between the partner operators $H^{(\pm)}$ is chosen antilinear. Secondly, both these components of a super-Hamiltonian ${\cal H}$ are defined along certain topologically nontrivial complex curves $r^{(\pm)}(x)$ which spread over several Riemann sheets of the wave function. The non-uniqueness of our choice of the map ${\cal T}$ between "tobogganic" partner curves $r^{(+)}(x)$ and $r^{(-)}(x)$ is emphasized.
Supersymmetric quantum mechanics is a powerful tool for generating exactly solvable potentials departing from a given initial one. If applied to the harmonic oscillator, a family of Hamiltonians ruled by polynomial Heisenberg algebras is obtained. In this paper it will be shown that the SUSY partner Hamiltonians of the harmonic oscillator can produce evolution loops. The corresponding geometric phases will be as well studied.
A Half Bound State (HBS) $ψ_*(x)$ can be defined as a single, conditional, zero-energy, continuous solution of the one dimensional Schr{ö}dinger equation for a scattering potential well $V(x)$ ($s.t ~ V(\pm \infty)=0$). The non-normalizable and solitary HBS of a potential satisfies Neumann boundary condition that $ψ'_*(\pm \infty)=0$ and it can have $n$ (= 0,1,2,...) number of nodes indicating $n$ number of bound states in $V(x)$ below $E=0$. Here we show that starting with a nodeless HBS, we can construct a (supersymmetric) pair of finite potentials (well, double wells, well-barrier): $V_{\pm…
We introduce a method for constructing Darboux (or supersymmetric) pairs of pseudoscalar and scalar Dirac potentials that are associated with exceptional orthogonal polynomials. Properties of the transformed potentials and regularity conditions are discussed. As an application, we consider a pseudoscalar Dirac potential related to the Schroeodinger model for the rationally extended radial oscillator. The pseudoscalar partner potentials are constructed under first- and second-order Darboux transformations.
We construct isospectral partner potentials of a complex PT-invariant potential, viz., V(x) = V_1 sech ^2 x - i V_2 sech x tanh x using Darboux's method. Oneset of isospectral potentials are obatined which can be termed 'Satellite potentials', in the sense that they are pf the same form as the original potential. In a particular case, the supersymmetric partner potential has the same spectrum, including the zero energy ground state, a fact which cannot occur in conventional supersymmetric quantum mechanics with real potential. An explicit example of a non-trivial set of isospectral potential i…
New supersymmetric partners of the modified Poschl-Teller and the Dirac's delta well potentials are constructed in closed form. The resulting one-parametric potentials are shown to be interrelated by a limiting process. The range of values of the parameters for which these potentials are free of singularities is exactly determined. The construction of higher order supersymmetric partner potentials is also investigated.
In this work the supersymmetric technique is applied to the truncated oscillator to generate Hamiltonians ruled by second and third-order polynomial Heisenberg algebras, which are connected to the Painlevé IV and Painlevé V equations respectively. The aforementioned connection is exploited to produce particular solutions to both non-linear differential equations and the Bäcklund transformations relating them.
We present here a supersymmetric (SUSY) approach for determining excitation energies within the context of a quantum Monte Carlo scheme. By using the fact that SUSY quantum mechanics gives rises to a series of isospectral Hamiltonians, we show that Monte Carlo ground-state calculations in the SUSY partners can be used to reconstruct accurately both the spectrum and states of an arbitrary Schrödinger equation. Since the ground-state of each partner potential is node-less, we avoid any ``node''-problem typically associated with the Monte Carlo technique. While we provide an example of using this…
Using the formalism of supersymmetric quantum mechanics, we obtain a large number of new analytically solvable one-dimensional periodic potentials and study their properties. More specifically, the supersymmetric partners of the Lame potentials ma(a+1)sn^2(x,m) are computed for integer values a=1,2,3,.... For all cases (except a=1), we show that the partner potential is distinctly different from the original Lame potential, even though they both have the same energy band structure. We also derive and discuss the energy band edges of the associated Lame potentials pm sn^2(x,m)+qm cn^2(x,m)/ dn^…
Using algebraic tools of supersymmetric quantum mechanics we construct classes of conditionally exactly solvable potentials being the supersymmetric partners of the linear or radial harmonic oscillator. With the help of the raising and lowering operators of these harmonic oscillators and the SUSY operators we construct ladder operators for these new conditionally solvable systems. It is found that these ladder operators together with the Hamilton operator form a non-linear algebra which is of quadratic and cubic type for the SUSY partners of the linear and radial harmonic oscillator, respectiv…
We study the scattering produced by a one dimensional hyperbolic step potential, which is exactly solvable and shows an unusual interest because of its asymmetric character. The analytic continuation of the scattering matrix in the momentum representation has a branch cut and an infinite number of simple poles on the negative imaginary axis which are related with the so called anti-bound states. This model does not show resonances. Using the wave functions of the anti-bound states, we obtain supersymmetric (SUSY) partners which are the series of Rosen Morse II potentials. We have computed the …
Factorization of quantum mechanical Hamiltonians has been a useful technique for some time. This procedure has been given an elegant description by supersymmetric quantum mechanics, and the subject has become well-developed. We demonstrate that the existence of raising and lowering operators for the harmonic oscillator (and many other potentials) can be extended to their supersymmetric partners. The use of double supersymmetry (or a factorization chain) is used to obtain non-singular isospectral potentials, and the explicit expressions for the ladder operators, wave functions and probability d…
We analyze the one dimensional scattering produced by all variations of the Pöschl-Teller potential, i.e., potential well, low and high barriers. We show that the Pöschl-Teller well and low barrier potentials have no resonance poles, but an infinite number of simple poles along the imaginary axis corresponding to bound and antibound states. A quite different situation arises on the Pöschl-Teller high barrier potential, which shows an infinite number of resonance poles and no other singularities. We have obtained the explicit form of their associated Gamow states. We have also constructed ladde…
The higher order supersymmetric partners of a stationary periodic potential are studied. The transformation functions associated to the band edges do not change the spectral structure. However, when the transformation is implemented for factorization energies inside of the forbidden bands, the final potential will have again the initial band structure but it can have bound states encrusted into the gaps, giving place to localized periodicity defects.
We examine in detail the possibilty of applying Darboux transformation to non Hermitian hamiltonians. In particular we propose a simple method of constructing exactly solvable PT symmetric potentials by applying Darboux transformation to higher states of an exactly solvable PT symmetric potential. It is shown that the resulting hamiltonian and the original one are pseudo supersymmetric partners. We also discuss application of Darboux transformation to hamiltonians with spontaneously broken PT symmetry.
In the case of a one-dimensional nonsingular Hamiltonian $H$ and a singular supersymmetric partner $H_a$, the Darboux and factorization relations of supersymmetric quantum mechanics can be only formal relations. It was shown how we can construct an adequate partner by using infinite barriers placed where are located the singularities on the real axis and recover isospectrality. This method was applied to superpartners of the harmonic oscillator with one singularity. In this paper, we apply this method to the singular isotonic oscillator with two singularities on the real axis. We also applied …
We consider supersymmetric quantum mechanical models with both local and nonlocal potentials. We present a nonlocal deformation of exactly solvable local models. Its energy eigenfunctions and eigenvalues are determined exactly. We observe that both our model Hamiltonian and its supersymmetric partner may have normalizable zero-energy ground states, in contrast to local models with nonperiodic or periodic potentials.
Fractional supersymmetric quantum mechanics is developed from a generalized Weyl-Heisenberg algebra. The Hamiltonian and the supercharges of fractional supersymmetric dynamical systems are built in terms of the generators of this algebra. The Hamiltonian gives rise to a hierarchy of isospectral Hamiltonians. Special cases of the algebra lead to dynamical systems for which the isospectral supersymmetric partner Hamiltonians are connected by a (translational or cyclic) shape invariance condition.
In this project, we will develop the foundations of quantum mechanics using the methods of supersymmetry. We will discuss the use of the superpotential to derive the supersymmetric partner of a potential in one dimension, and explore several key examples with an emphasis on shape invariant potentials. We will then discuss the modeling of supersymmetric quantum systems using matrices and operators, and how it relates to the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis.
The development in the study of supersymmetric many-particle quantum systems with inverse-square interactions is reviewed. The main emphasis is on quantum systems with dynamical OSp(2|2) supersymmetry. Several results related to exactly solved supersymmetric rational Calogero model, including shape invariance, equivalence to a system of free superoscillators and non-uniqueness in the construction of the Hamiltonian, are presented in some detail. This review also includes a formulation of pseudo-hermitian supersymmetric quantum systems with a special emphasis on rational Calogero model. There a…
SUSY partners and $S$-matrix poles of the one dimensional Rosen-Morse II Hamiltonian
本文分析了具有Rosen-Morse II势的一维哈密顿量的散射矩阵极点（包括冗余极点、反束缚极点及束缚态），并利用基态波函数或反束缚态、冗余态的解执行不同的超对称变换，研究了这些变换的性质。
The concept of supersymmetry developed in particle physics has been applied to various fields of modern physics. In quantum mechanics, the supersymmetric systems refer to the systems involving two supersymmetric partner Hamiltonians, whose energy levels are degeneracy except one of the systems has an extra ground state possibly, and the eigenstates of the partner systems can be mapped onto each other. Recently, an interferometric scheme has been proposed to show this relationship in ultracold atoms [Phys. Rev.A 96, 043624 (2017)]. Here this approach is generalized to linear optics for observin…
Semiclassical approximations are implemented in the calculation of position and width of low energy resonances for radial barriers. The numerical integrations are delimited by t/T<<8, with t the period of a classical particle in the barrier trap and T the resonance lifetime. These energies are used in the construction of `haired' short range potentials as the supersymmetric partners of a given radial barrier. The new potentials could be useful in the study of the transient phenomena which give rise to the Moshinsky's diffraction in time.
Supersymmetry allows one to build a hierarchy of Hamiltonians that share the same spectral properties and which are pairwise connected through common superpotentials. The iso-spectral properties of these Hamiltonians imply that the dynamics and therefore control of different eigenstates are connected through supersymmetric intertwining relations. In this work we explore how this enables one to study general dynamics, shortcuts to adiabaticity (STA) and quantum speed limits for distinct states of different supersymmetric partner potentials by using the infinite box as an example.
Two dimensional effective Hamiltonian for a massless Dirac electron interacting with a hyperbolic magnetic field is discussed within PT symmetry. Factorization method and polynomial procedures are used to solve Dirac equation for the constant Fermi velocity and the effective potential which is complex Scarf II potential. The more general effective Scarf II potential models are also obtained within pseudo-supersymmetry. Finally, an extension of Panella and Roy's work [12] to the both PT symmetric and real Scarf II partner potentials are given using the position dependent Fermi velocity.
Exact solutions of the inhomogeneous nonlinear Schrödinger equation through supersymmetric potentials
本文通过超对称方法构造非均匀非线性薛定谔方程的精确解，利用波斯-泰勒势作为示例展示其应用。
We present the general ideas on SuperSymmetric Quantum Mechanics (SUSY-QM) using different representations for the operators in question, which are defined by the corresponding bosonic Hamiltonian as part of SUSY Hamiltonian and its supercharges, which are defined as matrix or differential operators. We show that, although most of the SUSY partners of one-dimensional Schrödinger problems have already been found,there are still some unveiled aspects of the factorization procedure which may lead to richer insights of the problem involved.
Supersymmetry is a technique that allows us to extract information about the states and spectra of quantum mechanical systems which may otherwise be unsolvable. In this paper we reconstruct Ioffe's set of states for the singular non-separable two-dimensional Morse potential using supersymmetry from a non-degenerate set of states constructed for the initial separable Morse Hamiltonian. We define generalised coherent states, compute their uncertainty relations, and we find that the singularity in the partner Hamiltonian significantly affects the localisation of the coherent state wavefunction.
Using the Darboux method and its relation with supersymmetric quantum mechanics we construct all SUSY partners of the harmonic oscillator. With the help of the SUSY transformation we introduce ladder operators for these partner Hamiltonians and shown that they close a quadratic algebra. The associated coherent states are constructed and discussed in some detail.
We investigate the sine-square deformation (SSD) of free fermions in one-dimensional continuous space. On the basis of supersymmetric quantum mechanics, we prove the correspondence between the many-body ground state of the system with SSD and that of the uniform system with periodic boundary conditions. We also discuss the connection between the SSD in the continuous space and its lattice version, where the geometric correction due to the real-space deformation plays an important role in relating the eigenstates of the lattice SSD with those of the continuous SSD.
In this brief review, we comment on the concept of shape invariant potentials, which is an essential feature in many settings of $N=2$ supersymmetric quantum mechanics. To motivate its application within supersymmetric quantum cosmology, we present a case study to illustrate the value of this promising tool. Concretely, we take a spatially flat FRW model in the presence of a single scalar field, minimally coupled to gravity. Then, we extract the associated Schrödinger-Wheeler-DeWitt equation, allowing for a particular scope of factor ordering. Subsequently, we compute the corresponding supersy…
We derive the analytical eigenvalues and eigenstates of a family of potentials wells with exponential form (FPWEF). We provide a brief summary of the supersymmetry formalism applied to quantum mechanics and illustrate it by producing from the FPWEF another class of exact solutions made of their isospectral partners. Interestingly, a subset of the supersymmetric partners provides a class of exactly solvable double well potentials. We use the exact solutions of the FPWEF to test the robustness and accuracy of different approximation schemes. We determine (i) the ground state through variational …
We find theoretical results on energy eigenvalues and corresponding supersymmetric Hamiltonians reflect contradictory behavior for negative values of A. furthermore the resulting supersymmetric partners potentials can be model scattering states instead of bound states, However following the literature ( Flu 1979);J and A (J. Physics A 2020), we suggest a correct form of super potential , which remains valid for both positive and negative values of constants. A from this in complex space also the eigenvalues remain invariant without discussion of T-symmetry as the previous discussion appears in…
We study the dynamics induced by quenching an ultracold quantum many-body system between two supersymmetric Hamiltonians. Such a quench can be created by carefully changing the external trapping potential and leads to a situation where the eigenspectra before and after the quench are nearly identical. We show that the dynamics originating from this can be conveniently described using knowledge about the initial state only and apply this insight to the specific example of a fermionic gas that is initially trapped in an infinite box potential. Quenching to different, higher order supersymmetric …
The most important properties of a Bose-Einstein condensate subject to balanced gain and loss can be modelled by a Gross-Pitaevskii equation with an external $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric double-delta potential. We study its linear variant with a supersymmetric extension. It is shown that both in the $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric as well as in the $\mathcal{PT}$-broken phase arbitrary stationary states can be removed in a supersymmetric partner potential without changing the energy eigenvalues of the other state. The characteristic structure of the singular delta potential in the supersymmetry formalism…
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