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arXiv quant-ph/0011115quant-ph
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海森堡测不准关系的推广

Generalizing the Heisenberg uncertainty relation

Eric D. Chisolm

摘要:

海森堡测不准关系的证明被修改以产生两个改进:(a)所产生的不等式更强,因为它包括了两个可观察量之间的协方差,(b)证明解除了对关系所应用的状态的某些限制,增加了它的通用性。标准不等式应用所需的限制并不广为人知,它们被详细讨论。海森堡关系的经典模拟也来自,并比较两者。最后,利用修正关系解决了角动量z分量L_z的本征函数不满足H-L_z Heisenberg关系这一明显的悖论,解决的办法是上述限制使得通常的不等式不适用于这些态。修改后的关系适用,但是,它被证明是一致的明确的计算。

英文摘要:

The proof of the Heisenberg uncertainty relation is modified to produce two improvements: (a) the resulting inequality is stronger because it includes the covariance between the two observables, and (b) the proof lifts certain restrictions on the state to which the relation is applied, increasing its generality. The restrictions necessary for the standard inequality to apply are not widely known, and they are discussed in detail. The classical analog of the Heisenberg relation is also derived, and the two are compared. Finally, the modified relation is used to address the apparent paradox that eigenfunctions of the z component of angular momentum L_z do not satisfy the ϕ-L_z Heisenberg relation; the resolution is that the restrictions mentioned above make the usual inequality inapplicable to these states. The modified relation does apply, however, and it is shown to be consistent with explicit calculations.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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