We study Levi-flat real analytic hypersurfaces with singularities. We prove that the Levi foliation on the regular part of the hypersurface can be holomorphically extended, in a suitable sense, to neighbourhoods of singular points.
We prove the non-existence of real analytic Levi flat hypersurface whose complement is 1-convex and Levi foliation is transversely affine in compact Kahler surfaces.
It is shown that the Levi foliation of a real analytic Levi-flat hypersurface extends to a $d$-web near a nondicritical singular point and admits a multiple-valued meromorphic first integral.
We study holomorphic foliations tangent to singular real-analytic Levi-flat hypersurfaces in compact complex manifolds of complex dimension two. We give some hypotheses to guarantee the existence of dicritical singularities of these objects. As consequence, we give some applications to holomorphic foliations tangent to real-analytic Levi-flat hypersurfaces with singularities in $\mathbb{P}^2$.
We investigate the accumulation to singular points of leaves of codimension one foliations whose normal bundle is ample, with emphasis on the nonexistence of Levi-flat hypersurfaces.
Let $\mathcal{F}$ be a codimension one holomorphic foliation in $\mathbb{P}^n$, $n\geq 2$, leaving invariant a real-analytic Levi-flat hypersurface $M$ with regular part $M^{*}$. Then every leaf of $\mathcal{F}$ outside $\overline{M^{*}}$ accumulates in $\overline{M^{*}}$.
We present a new list of irreducible components of the space of codimension two holomorphic foliations on $\mathbb P^{4}$. They are associated to the pull-back by branched rational maps of 1-dimensional foliations on $\mathbb P^3$ leaving $2$-dimensional planes invariant.
We classify nonsingular holomorphic distributions of arbitrary codimension on certain Hopf manifolds. We prove that all holomorphic distribution of codimension k on a generic Hopf manifold is induced by a mononial holomorphic k-form.
We compare various definitions of nondegeneracy of the Levi map for real submanifolds of higher codimension in $C^N$ and discuss the generalization to higher codimension of the 2-jet determination for biholomorphisms in the hypersurface case proved by Chern and Moser.
It is shown that codimension one parabolic foliations of complex manifolds are holomorphic. This is proved using the fact that codimension one foliations of complex manifolds are necessarily locally Monge-Ampère foliations and that parabolic leaves cannot have hyperbolic behavior. The result holds true also for locally Monge-Ampère foliations with parabolic leaves of arbitrary codimension.
We study Segre varieties associated to Levi-flat subsets in complex manifolds and apply them to establish local and global results on the integration of tangent holomorphic foliations.
We prove that a Morse type codimension one holomorphic foliation is not transverse to a sphere in the complex affine space. Also we characterize the variety of contacts of a linear foliation with concentric spheres.
After gluing foliated complex manifolds, we derive a preparation-like theorem for singularities of codimension one foliations and planar vector fields (in the real or complex setting). Without computation, we retrieve and improve results of Levinson-Moser for functions, Dufour-Zhitomirskii for non degenerate codimension 1 foliations (proving in turn the analyticity), Strozyna-Zoladek for non degenerate planar vector fields and Brjuno-Ecalle for saddle-node foliations in the plane.
Real-analytic Levi-flat codimension two CR singular submanifolds are a natural generalization to ${\mathbb{C}}^m$, $m > 2$, of Bishop surfaces in ${\mathbb{C}}^2$. Such submanifolds for example arise as zero sets of mixed-holomorphic equations with one variable antiholomorphic. We classify the codimension two Levi-flat CR singular quadrics, and we notice that new types of submanifolds arise in dimension 3 or greater. In fact, the nondegenerate submanifolds, i.e. higher order purturbations of $z_m=\bar{z}_1z_2+\bar{z}_1^2$, have no analogue in dimension 2. We prove that the Levi-foliation exten…
In this article, for holomorphic foliations of codimension one at $(\mathbb{C}^{3},0)$, we define the family of second type foliations. This is formed by foliations having, in the reduction process by blow-up maps, only well oriented singularities, meaning that the reduction divisor does not contain weak separatrices of saddle-node singularities. We prove that the reduction of singularities of a non-dicritical foliation of second type coincides with the desingularization of its set of separatrices.
A singular real analytic foliation $\mathcal{F}$ of real codimension one on an $n$-dimensional complex manifold $M$ is Levi-flat if each of its leaves is foliated by immersed complex manifolds of dimension $n-1$. These complex manifolds are leaves of a singular real analytic foliation $\mathcal{L}$ which is tangent to $\mathcal{F}$. In this article, we classify germs of Levi-flat foliations at $(\mathbb{C}^{n},0)$ under the hypothesis that $\mathcal{L}$ is a germ holomorphic foliation. Essentially, we prove that there are two possibilities for $\mathcal{L}$, from which the classification of $\…
We aim to classify codimension 1 foliations $\mathscr{F}$ with canonical singularities and $ν(K_{\mathscr{F}}) < 3$ on threefolds of general type. We prove a classification result for foliations satisfying these conditions and having non-trivial algebraic part. We also describe purely transcendental foliations $\mathscr{F}$ with the canonical class $K_{\mathscr{F}}$ being not big on manifolds of general type in any dimension, assuming that $\mathscr{F}$ is non-singular in codimension $2$.
We present a new list of irreducible components for the space of k-dimensional holomorphic foliations on $\mathbb P^{n}$, $n\geq3$, $k\ge2$. They are associated to pull-back of dimension one foliations on $\mathbb P^{n-k+1}$ by non-linear rational maps.
We study the singular set of a codimension one holomorphic foliations on $\mathbb{P}^3$. We find a local normal form of a codimension two component of the singular set that is not of Kupka type. We also determined the number of non-Kupka points immersed in a codimension two component of the singular set of a codimension one foliation on $\mathbb{P}^3$.
Let $\mathcal{F}$ be a singular codimension one holomorphic foliation on a compact complex manifold $X$ of dimension at least three such that its singular set has codimension at least two. In this paper, we determine Lehmann-Suwa residues of $\mathcal{F}$ as multiples of complex numbers by integration currents along irreducible complex subvarieties of $X$. We then prove a formula that determines the Baum-Bott residue of simple almost Liouvillian foliations of codimension one, in terms of Lehmann-Suwa residues, generalizing a result of Marco Brunella. As an application, we give sufficient condi…
We study codimension one holomorphic foliations on complex projective spaces and compact manifolds under the assumption that the foliation has a projective transverse structure in the complement of some invariant codimension one analytic subset. The basic motivation is the characterization of pull-backs of Riccati foliations on projective spaces. Our techniques apply to give a description of the generic models of codimension one foliations on compact manifolds of dimension $\ge 3$.
Boas and Straube proved a general sufficient condition for global regularity of the d-bar Neumann problem in terms of families of vector fields that commute approximately with d-bar. In this paper, we study the existence of these vector fields on a compact subset of the boundary whose interior is foliated by complex manifolds. This question turns out to be closely related to properties of interest from the point of view of foliation theory.
We consider holomorphic foliations of dimension $k>1$ and codimension $\geq 1$ in the projective space $\mathbb{P}^n$, with a compact connected component of the Kupka set. We prove that, if the transversal type is linear with positive integers eigenvalues, then the foliation consist on the fibers of a rational fibration. As a corollary, if $\mathcal{F}$ is a foliation such that $dim(\mathcal{F})\geq cod(\mathcal{F})+2$ and has transversal type diagonal with different eigenvalues, then the Kupka component $K$ is a complete intersection and we get the same conclusion. The same conclusion holds i…
On the basis of a result of Barrett, we show that members of certain classes of abstract Levi flat manifolds with boundary, whose Levi foliation contains a compact leaf with contracting, flat holonomy, admit no $CR$ embedding as a hypersurface of a complex manifold.
We study the singular set of a singular Levi-flat real-analytic hypersurface. We prove that the singular set of such a hypersurface is Levi-flat in the appropriate sense. We also show that if the singular set is small enough, then the Levi-foliation extends to a singular codimension one holomorphic foliation of a neighborhood of the hypersurface.
Let $\mathcal{F}$ be written as $ f^{*}\mathcal{G}$, where $\mathcal{G}$ is a foliation in $ {\mathbb P^2}$ with three invariant lines in general position, say $(XYZ)=0$, and $f:{\mathbb P^n}--->{\mathbb P^2}$, $f=(F^α_{0}:F^β_{1}:F^γ_{2})$ is a nonlinear rational map. Using local stability results of singular holomorphic foliations, we prove that: if $n\geq 3$, the foliation $\mathcal{F}$ is globally stable under holomorphic deformations. As a consequence we obtain new irreducible componentes for the space of codimension one foliations on $\mathbb P^n$. We present also a result which characte…
We consider an embedded $n$-dimensional compact complex manifold in $n+d$ dimensional complex manifolds. We are interested in the holomorphic classification of neighborhoods as part of Grauert's formal principle program. We will give conditions ensuring that a neighborhood of $C_n$ in $M_{n+d}$ is biholomorphic to a neighborhood of the zero section of its normal bundle. This extends Arnold's result about neighborhoods of a complex torus in a surface. We also prove the existence of a holomorphic foliation in $M_{n+d }$ having $C_n$ as a compact leaf, extending Ueda's theory to the high codimens…
Let $\mathscr{F}$ be a singular holomorphic foliation, of codimension $k$, on a complex compact manifold such that its singular set has codimension $\geq k+1$. In this work we determinate Baum-Bott residues for $\mathscr{F}$ with respect to homogeneous symmetric polynomials of degree $k+1$. We drop the Baum-Bott's generic hypothesis and we show that the residues can be expressed in terms of the Grothendieck residue of an one-dimensional foliation on a $(k+1)$-dimensional disc transversal to a $(k+1)$-codimensional component of the singular set of $\mathscr{F}$. Also, we show that Cenkl's algor…
We prove that a one-dimensional foliation with generic singularities on a projective space, exhibiting a Lie group transverse structure in the complement of some codimension one algebraic subset is logarithmic, i.e., it is the intersection of codimension one foliations given by closed one-forms with simple poles. If there is only one singularity in a suitable affine space, then the foliation is induced by a linear diagonal vector field.
We prove that the tangent sheaf of a codimension one locally free distribution splits as a sum of line bundles if and only if its singular scheme is arithmetically Cohen-Macaulay. In addition, we show that a foliation by curves is given by an intersection of generically transversal holomorphic distributions of codimension one if and only if its singular scheme is arithmetically Buchsbaum. Finally, we establish that these foliations are determined by their singular schemes, and deduce that the Hilbert scheme of certain arithmetically Buchsbaum schemes of codimension $2$ is birational to a Grass…
In this work we study analytic Levi-flat hypersurfaces in complex algebraic surfaces. First, we show that if this foliation admits chaotic dynamics (i.e. if it does not admit a transverse invariant measure), then the connected components of the complement of the hypersurface are modifications of Stein domains. This allows us to extend the CR foliation to a singular algebraic foliation on the ambient complex surface. We apply this result to prove, by contradiction, that analytic Levi-flat hypersurfaces admitting a transverse affine structure in a complex algebraic surface have a transverse inva…
We prove that the normal bundle to the Levi foliation of a smooth Levi flat hypersurface does not admit a Hermitian metric with positive curvature along the leaves in compact Kähler manifolds of dimension at least 3. This represents an answer to a conjecture of Marco Brunella.
We explore connections between geometric properties of the Levi foliation of a Levi-flat hypersurface M and holomorphic convexity of compact sets in M, or bounded in part by M. Applications include extendability of Cauchy-Riemann functions, solvability of the dibar_b-equation, approximability of holomorphic and CR functions, and global regularity of the dibar-Neumann operator.
This paper deals with codimension one (may be singular) foliations on compact Kälher manifolds whose conormal bundle is assumed to be pseudo-effective. Using currents with minimal singularities, we show that one can endow the space of leaves with a metric of constant non positive curvature wich may degenerate on a rigidly embedded invariant hypersurface.
We investigate germs of real analytic Levi-flat hypersurfaces tangent to germs of codimension one holomorphic webs. We introduce the notion of first integrals for local webs. In particular, we prove that a $k$-web with finitely many invariant analytic subvarieties through the origin tangent to a Levi-flat hypersurface has a holomorphic first integral.
A local uniqueness property of holomorphic functions on real-analytic nowhere minimal CR submanifolds of higher codimension is investigated. A sufficient condition called almost minimality is given and studied. A weaker necessary condition, being contained a possibly singular real-analytic Levi-flat hypersurface is studied and characterized. This question is completely resolved for algebraic submanifolds of codimension 2 and a sufficient condition for noncontainment is given for non algebraic submanifolds. As a consequence, an example of a submanifold of codimension 2, not biholomorphically eq…
We classify nonsingular holomorphic foliations of dimension and codimension one on certain Hopf manifolds. More general, we prove that all nonsingular codimension one distributions on intermediary or generic Hopf manifolds are integrable and has holomorphic integral first. Also, we prove some results about singular holomorphic distributions on Hopf manifolds.
In this article we provide a version of Chow's theorem for real analytic Levi-flat hypersurfaces in the complex projective space $\mathbb{P}^{n}$, $n \geq 2$. More specifically, we prove that a real analytic Levi-flat hypersurface $M \subset \mathbb{P}^{n}$, with singular set of real dimension at most $2n-4$ and whose Levi leaves are contained in algebraic hypersurfaces, is tangent to the levels of a rational function in $\mathbb{P}^{n}$. As a consequence, $M$ is a semialgebraic set. We also prove that a Levi foliation on $\mathbb{P}^{n}$ - a singular real analytic foliation whose leaves are i…
We show that the set of singular holomorphic foliations of the projective spaces with split tangent sheaf and with good singular set is open in the space of holomorphic foliations. As applications we present a generalization of a result by Camacho-Lins Neto about linear pull-back foliations, we give a criterium for the rigidity of $\mathcal L$-foliations of codimension $k \ge 2$ and prove a conjecture by Cerveau-Deserti about the rigidity of a codimension one $\mathcal L$-foliation of $\mathbb P^4$. These results allow us to exhibit some previously unknown irreducible components of the spaces …
We construct canonical absolute parallelisms over real-analytic manifolds equipped with $2$-nondegenerate, hypersurface-type CR structures of arbitrary odd dimension not less than $7$ whose Levi kernel has constant rank belonging to a broad subclass of CR structures that we label as recoverable. For this we develop a new approach based on a reduction to a special flag structure, called the dynamical Legendrian contact structure, on the leaf space of the CR structure's associated Levi foliation. This extends the results of Porter-Zelenko [20] from the case of regular CR symbols constituting a d…
In this paper we prove that every smooth complete closed complex hypersurface in the open unit ball $\mathbb{B}_n$ of $\mathbb{C}^n$ $(n\ge 2)$ is a level set of a noncritical holomorphic function on $\mathbb{B}_n$ all of whose level sets are complete. This shows that $\mathbb{B}_n$ admits a nonsingular holomorphic foliation by smooth complete closed complex hypersurfaces and, what is the main point, that every hypersurface in $\mathbb{B}_n$ of this type can be embedded into such a foliation. We establish a more general result in which neither completeness nor smoothness of the given hypersurf…
This article studies germs of holomorphic vector fields at the origin of C3 that are tangent to holomorphic foliations of codimension one. Two situations are considered. First, we assume hypotheses on the reduction of singularities of the vector field - for instance, that the final models belong to a family of vector fields whose linear parts have eigenvalues satisfying a condition of non-resonance - in order to conclude that the foliation is of complex hyperbolic type, that is, without saddle-nodes in its reduction of singularities. In the second part, we prove that a vector field that is tan…
Non-dicritical codimension one foliations on projective spaces of dimension four or higher always have an invariant algebraic hypersurface. The proof relies on a strengthening of a result by Rossi on the algebraization/continuation of analytic subvarieties of projective spaces.
Let $X$ be a connected complex manifold of dimension $\geq 3$ and $M$ a smooth compact Levi-flat real hypersurface in $X$. We show that the normal bundle to the Levi foliation does not admit a Hermitian metric with positive curvature along the leaves. This generalizes a result obtained by Brunella.
We study codimension one holomorphic distributions on the projective three-space, analyzing the properties of their singular schemes and tangent sheaves. In particular, we provide a classification of codimension one distributions of degree at most 2 with locally free tangent sheaves, and show that codimension one distributions of arbitrary degree with only isolated singularities have stable tangent sheaves. Furthermore, we describe the moduli space of distributions in terms of Grothendieck's Quot-scheme for the tangent bundle. In certain cases, we show that the moduli space of codimension one …
The space of codimension one holomorphic foliations of degree 1 in a projective space has an irreducible component whose general element is a logarithmic differential 1-form with simple poles in three hyperplanes. We compute its projective degree by resolving its rational parametrization map through succesive blow-ups with smooth centers.
We study holomorphic foliations of codimension $k\geq 1$ on a complex manifold $X$ of dimension $n+k$ from the point of view of the exceptional minimal set conjecture. For $n\geq 2$ we show in particular that if the holomorphic normal bundle $N_{\mathcal{F}}$ is Griffiths positive, then the foliation does not admit a compact invariant set that is a complete intersection of $k$ smooth real hypersurfaces in $X$.