Hiraku Kawanoue, Kenji Matsuki
This is Part II of the series of our papers under the title "Toward resolution of singularities over a field of positive characteristic (The Idealistic Filtration Program)". See http://arxiv.org/abs/math/0607009 for Part I.
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We establish an algorithm for resolution of singularities of an idealistic filtration in dimension 3 (at the local level) in positive characteristic, incorporating the method recently developed by Benito-Villamayor into our framework. Although (a global version of) our algorithm only implies embedded resolution of surfaces in the smooth ambient space of dimension 3, a classical result known before, we introduce some new invariant which effectively measures how much singularities are improved in the process of our algorithm and which strictly drops after each blow up. This is in contrast to the…
Idealistic Flowers in the Reduction of Singularities
本文基于“理想花朵”思想，遵循Maximal Contact Theory，为经典奇点化简提供了证明，并解决了由最大接触局部性质引发的全球化问题。
This paper represents the main portion of the Ph.D. Thesis of the author, and is the first of the series of four papers, which is a joint work with K. Matsuki as a whole. We present a program toward constructing an algorithm for resolution of singularities in positive characteristic. We would like to emphasize, however, that the program is actually valid in all characteristics. As such, it leads in characteristic zero to a complete algorithm, which is slightly different from the existing ones. In positive characteristic, almost all the ingredients work nicely forming a perfect parallel to the …
In a previous paper, the authors introduced a filtration on the ring ${\cal O}_{V,0}$ of germs of functions on a germ $(V,0)$ of a complex analytic variety defined by arcs on the singularity and called the arc filtration. The Poincaré series of this filtration were computed for simple surface singularities in the 3-space. Here they are computed for surface singularities from Arnold's lists including uni- and bimodular ones. The classification of the unimodular singularities by these Poincaré series turns out to be in accordance with their hierarchy defined by E. Brieskorn using the adjacency r…
Given an n-dimensional variety Z with rational singularities, we conjecture that for a resolution of singularities whose reduced exceptional divisor E has simple normal crossings, the (n-1)-th higher direct image of the sheaf of differential forms with log poles along E vanishes. We prove this when Z has isolated singularities and when it is a toric variety. We deduce that for a divisor D with isolated rational singularities on a smooth complex n-dimensional variety X, the generation level of Saito's Hodge filtration on the localization of the structure sheaf along D is at most n-3.
In previous papers, there were computed the Poincare series of some (multi-index) filtrations on the ring of germs of functions on a rational surface singularity. These Poincare series were written as the integer parts of certain fractional power series, an interpretation of whom was not given. Here we show that, up to a simple change of variables, these fractional power series are specializations of the equivariant Poincare series for filtrations on the ring of germs of functions on the universal abelian cover of the surface singularity. We compute these equivariant Poincare series.
We consider divisorial filtration on the rings of functions on hypersurface singularities associated with Newton diagrams and their analogues for plane curve singularities. We compute the multi-variable Poincaré series for the latter ones.
Algorithms for resolution of singularities in characteristic zero are based on Hironaka's idea of reducing the problem to a simpler question of desingularization of an "idealistic exponent" (or "marked ideal"). How can we determine whether two marked ideals are equisingular in the sense that they can be resolved by the same blowing-up sequences? We show there is a desingularization functor defined on the category of equivalence classes of marked ideals and smooth morphisms, where marked ideals are "equivalent" if they have the same sequences of "test transformations". Functoriality in this sen…
We compare three naturally occurring multi-indexed filtrations of ideals on the local ring of a Newton nondegenerate hypersurface surface singularity with rational homology sphere, which in many cases are all distinct. These are the divisorial, the order, and the image filtrations. These filtrations are indexed by the lattice associated with a toric partial resolution of the singularity, or equivalently, the free abelian group generated by the compact facets of the Newton polyhedron. We prove that there exists a top dimensional cone contained in the Lipman cone having the property that the thr…
We give an explicit formula for the Hodge filtration on the $\mathscr{D}_X$-module $O_X(*Z)f^{1-α}$ associated to the effective $\mathbb{Q}$-divisor $D=α\cdot Z$, where $0<α\le1$ and $Z=(f=0)$ is an irreducible hypersurface defined by $f$, a weighted homogeneous polynomial with an isolated singularity at the origin. In particular this gives a formula for the Hodge ideals of $D$. We deduce a formula for the generating level of the Hodge filtration, as well as further properties of Hodge ideals in this setting. We also extend the main theorem to the case when $f$ is a germ of holomorphic functio…
In this article we define a Poincare series on a subspace of a complex analytic germ, induced by a multi-index filtration on the ambient space. We compute this Poincare series for subspaces defined by principal ideals. For plane curve singularities and nondegenerate singularities this Poincare series yields topological and geometric information. We compare this Poincare series with the one introduced in [E,G-Z]. In few cases they are equal and we show that the Poincare series we consider in this paper in general yields more information.
We prove that a variation of graded-polarizable mixed Hodge structure over a punctured disk with unipotent monodromy, has a limiting mixed Hodge structure at the puncture (i.e., it is admissible in the sense of [SZ]) which splits over $\R$, if and only if certain grading of the complexified weight filtration, depending smoothly on the Hodge filtration, extends across the puncture. In particular, the result exactly supplements Schmid's Theorem for pure structures, which holds for the graded variation, and gives a Hodge-theoretic condition for the relative monodromy weight filtration to exist.
V-filtrations and minimal exponents for locally complete intersection singularities
该研究将Saito的超曲面极小指数推广到局部完全交子概型，基于Kashiwara-Malgrange V-滤过给出定义，证明其刻画局部上同调中两类滤过的吻合度，并通过归约到超曲面情形证明不变量的核心性质。
In a previous paper, there was defined a multi-index filtration on the ring of functions on a hypersurface singularity corresponding to its Newton diagram generalizing (for a curve singularity) the divisorial one. Its Poincaré series was computed for plane curve singularities non-degenerate with respect to their Newton diagrams. Here we use another technique to compute the Poincaré series for plane curve singularities without the assumption that they are non-degenerate with respect to their Newton diagrams. We show that the Poincaré series only depends on the Newton diagram and not on the defi…
To study singularities on complex varieties we study Poincaré series of filtrations that are defined by discrete valuations on the local ring at the singularity. In all previous papers on this topic one poses restrictions on the centers of these valuations and often one uses several definitions for Poincaré series. In this article we show that these definitions can differ when the centers of the valuations are not zero-dimensional, i.e. do not have the maximal ideal as center. We give a unifying definition for Poincaré series which also allows filtrations defined by valuations that are all non…
$F$-nilpotence and Hodge filtrations beyond isolated singularities
本文通过Hodge理论刻画特征零簇的开$F$-幂零型与开弱$F$-幂零型，将Srinivas-Takagi结果推广至非孤立奇点情形，并分别无条件及在弱普通性猜想下证明两个方向。
An introduction to $V$-filtrations
本文介绍了 Malgrange 和 Kashiwara 的 $V$-滤过理论，探讨其基本性质、与 $b$-函数的联系，并展示了其在加权齐次孤立奇点、真前推与对偶相容性及奇点不变量描述中的应用。
In this paper, we extract natural invariants of a singularity by using the Deligne weight filtration on the cohomology of an exceptional fibre of a resolution, and also on the intersection cohomology of the link. Our primary goal is to study and give natural bounds on the weights in terms of direct images of differential forms. These bounds can be made explicit for various standard classes such as rational, isolated normal Cohen-Macaulay and toroidal singularities, and lead to strong restrictions on the topology of these singularities. A secondary goal of this paper is to make the weight filtr…
Filtrations associated with singularities
本研究围绕复解析正规奇点芽与既约Weil除子构成的配对，引入两类多指标滤过，证明通过对特定中心充分胀开，除子诱导的滤过可实现为嵌入消解滤过的极限，深化了奇点嵌入几何的研究。
Restrictions of mixed Hodge modules using generalized V-filtrations
本文利用Sabbah定义的广义V-滤子，通过循环覆盖与通常V-滤子的比较，计算了零截面包含映射的限制函子，并应用于研究完全交子簇的奇点，分类了加权齐次孤立完全交奇点的k-Du Bois和k-理性性质。
We study the dual complexes of boundary divisors in log resolutions of compactifications of algebraic varieties and show that the homotopy types of these complexes are independent of all choices. Inspired by recent developments in nonarchimedean geometry, we consider relations between these boundary complexes and weight filtrations on singular cohomology and cohomology with compact supports, and give applications to dual complexes of resolutions of isolated singularities that generalize results of Stepanov and Thuillier.
Our purpose is to investigate all defined Poincaré series associated with multi-index filtrations and value semigroups of curve singularities---not necessarily complex---with regard to the property of forgetting variables, i.e., by making variables of the series to be 1. Generalised Poincaré series of motivic nature will be also considered.
Let a finite group $G$ act on the complex plane $({\Bbb C}^2, 0)$. We consider multi-index filtrations on the spaces of germs of holomorphic functions of two variables equivariant with respect to 1-dimensional representations of the group $G$ defined by components of a modification of the complex plane ${\Bbb C}^2$ at the origin or by branches of a $G$-invariant plane curve singularity $(C,0)\subset({\Bbb C}^2,0)$. We give formulae for the Poincare series of these filtrations. In particular, this gives a new method to obtain the Poincare series of analogous filtrations on the rings of germs of…
Autoduality of compactified Pryms for étale double covers of curves with planar singularities
针对具有平面奇点的整曲线的平展双覆盖，构造了紧化Prym簇上的Poincaré层，并证明了相应的Fourier-Mukai变换是其导出范畴的自等价，进而应用于证明Corti-Hanamura的动机分解猜想并构造乘性动机反常滤过。
An $F$-nilpotent local ring is a local ring $(R, \mathfrak{m})$ of prime characteristic defined by the nilpotence of the Frobenius action on its local cohomology modules $H^i_{\mathfrak{m}}(R)$. A singularity in characteristic zero is said to be of $F$-nilpotent type if its modulo $p$ reduction is $F$-nilpotent for almost all $p$. In this paper, we give a Hodge-theoretic interpretation of three-dimensional normal isolated singularities of $F$-nilpotent type. In the graded case, this yields a characterization of these singularities in terms of divisor class groups and Brauer groups.
We study a notion of derived foliations on schemes and derived schemes of arbitrary characteristics. We introduce the Hodge filtration associated to a derived foliation, which functorialy filters derived de Rham cohomology. We use this filtration to study vanishing results of Chern classes of perfect complexes endowed with connexions along derived foliations. As an application, we prove a positive characteristic version of Bott's vanishing theorem and more generally of existence of residues for foliations with singularities due to Baum-Bott in characteristic zero.
According to our approach for resolution of singularities in positive characteristic (called the Idealistic Filtration Program, alias the I.F.P. for short) the algorithm is devided into the following two steps: Step 1. Reduction of the general case to the monomial case. Step 2. Solution in the monomial case. While we have established Step 1 in arbitrary dimension, Step 2 becomes very subtle and difficult in positive characteristic. This is in clear contrast to the classical setting in characteristic zero, where the solution in the monomial case is quite easy. In dimension 3, we provided an inv…
We prove that a classical theorem of McAdam about the analytic spread of an ideal in a Noetherian local ring is true for divisorial filtrations on an excellent local ring $R$ which is either of equicharacteristic zero or of dimension $\le 3$. In fact, the proof is valid whenever resolution of singularities holds.
The Hodge spectrum is an important analytic invariant of singularities encoding the Hodge filtration and the monodromy of the Milnor fiber. Explicit formulas exist for only a few cases. In this article the main result is a combinatorial formula for homogeneous polynomials in three variables whose reduced one define projective curve arrangements having only ordinary multiple points.
Hodge cohomology with a ramification filtration, I
本文研究了以无穷远除子为索引的结构层上同调滤过，证明其分次片具备转移态射、fpqc下降与立方体不变性，且在奇点消解等条件下关于无穷远胀打不变，进而构造出特征零基域上带模动机范畴的实现函子。
Gopakumar-Vafa invariants associated to $cA_n$ singularities
本文研究了与 $cA_n$ 異常點相关的 GV 不变量，推广了 GV 不变量到 crepant 解析，并展示了其满足 Toda 公式，同时给出了参数空间的过滤结构和可能的元组约束。
We study the first step of the weight filtration on the cohomology of a proper complex algebraic variety, which we call the combinatorial part. We obtain a natural upper bound on its size, which gives rather strong information about the topology of rational singularities.
Let $f:\mathbb{C}^{n+1} \to \mathbb{C}$ be a germ of hypersurface with isolated singularity. One can associate to $f$ a polarized variation of mixed Hodge structure $\mathcal{H}$ over the punctured disc, where the Hodge filtration is the limit Hodge filtration of W. Schmid and J. Steenbrink. By the work of M. Saito and P. Deligne the VMHS associated to cohomologies of the fibers of $f$ can be extended over the degenerate point $0$ of disc. The new fiber obtained in this way is isomorphic to the module of relative differentials of $f$ denoted $Ω_f$. A mixed Hodge structure can be defined on $Ω_…
We obtain a new important basic result on splice-quotient singularities in an elegant combinatorial-geometric way: every level of the divisorial filtration of the ring of functions is generated by monomials of the defining coordinate functions. The elegant way is the language of of line bundles based on Okuma's description of the function ring of the universal abelian cover. As an easy application, we obtain a new proof of the End Curve Theorem of Neumann and Wahl.
Streamlining resolution of singularities with weighted blow-ups
本文提出了一种基于加权吹胀的图形方法，用于在特征零情况下高效解析任意（co）维数的奇点。
Toric Foliated Minimal Model Program
本文利用Klyachko滤过理论，将Spicer的结果推广至任意秩，证明了环簇叶状极小模型纲领的存在性。
Archimedean zeta functions, singularities, and Hodge theory
利用Hodge理论研究全纯函数f的阿基米德zeta函数Z_f的极点与奇点不变量之间的关系，证明Z_f的最大非平凡极点为f的最小指数的相反数，其阶由Bernstein-Sato多项式b_f(s)对应根的重数决定，并给出b_f(s)的根不是Z_f的极点的反例。
We study the relation between a certain graded part of the Jacobian ring of a projective hypersurface and a certain graded quotient for the Hodge filtration of its primitive cohomology, in the case that the hypersurface has at most isolated singularities. We distinguish a class of singularities for which this relation is best possible. The main examples refer to the surface case.
In this paper certain Chow weight structures on the "big" triangulated motivic categories $DM_R^{eff}\subset DM_R$ are defined in terms of motives of all smooth varieties over the base field. This definition allows studying basic properties of these weight structures without applying resolution of singularities; thus we don't have to assume that the coefficient ring $R$ contains $1/p$ in the case where the characteristic $p$ of the base field is positive. Moreover, in the case where $R$ satisfies the latter assumption our weight structures are "compatible" with Chow weight structures defined i…
Given a normal surface singularity (X,0), its link, M is a closed differentiable three dimensional manifold which carries much analytic information. It is an interesting question to ask whether, under suitable analytic and topological conditions, the geometric genus (or other analytic invariants) can be recovered from the link. The Casson invariant conjecture predicts that p_g can be identified using the Casson invariant in the case when (X,0) is a complete intersection and M has trivial first homology with integral coefficients. The Seiberg-Witten invariant conjecture predicts that the geomet…
Suppose that (K, $ν$) is a valued field, f (z) $\in$ K[z] is a unitary and irreducible polynomial and (L, $ω$) is an extension of valued fields, where L = K[z]/(f (z)). Further suppose that A is a local domain with quotient field K such that $ν$ has nonnegative value on A and positive value on its maximal ideal, and that f (z) is in A[z]. This paper is devoted to the problem of describing the structure of the associated graded ring gr $ω$ A[z]/(f (z)) of A[z]/(f (z)) for the filtration defined by $ω$ as an extension of the associated graded ring of A for the filtration defined by $ν$. In parti…
Let $k$ be a field with resolution of singularities, and $X$ a separated $k$-scheme of finite type with structure map $g$. We show that the slice filtration in the motivic stable homotopy category commutes with pullback along $g$. Restricting the field further to the case of characteristic zero, we are able to compute the slices of Weibel's homotopy invariant $K$-theory extending the result of Levine, and also the zero slice of the sphere spectrum extending the result of Levine and Voevodsky. We also show that the zero slice of the sphere spectrum is a strict cofibrant ring spectrum $\mathbf{H…
The main purpose of this article is to lay the foundations for a classification of isolated hypersurface singularities in positive characteristic. Although our article is in the spirit of Arnol'd who classified real an complex hypersurfaces in the 1970's with respect to right equivalence, several new phenomena occur in positive characteristic. Already the notion of isolated singularity is different for right resp. contact equivalence over fields of characteristic other than zero. The heart of this paper consists of the study of different notions of non-degeneracy and the associated piecewise f…
We study the analytic and topological invariants associated with complex normal surface singularities. Our goal is to provide topological formulae for several discrete analytic invariants whenever the analytic structure is generic (with respect to a fixed topological type), under the condition that the link is a rational homology sphere. The list of analytic invariants include: the geometric genus, the cohomology of certain natural line bundles, the cohomology of their restrictions on effective cycles (supported on the exceptional curve of a resolution), the cohomological cycle of natural line…
Partial Cohomologically Complete Intersections via Hodge Theory
本文通过Hodge理论引入不变量c(X)，度量孤立奇点簇上对偶Kodaira-Akizuki-Nakano消失的失效，并由Hodge-Lyubeznik数等刻画，且在锥和行列式簇上可计算。
We study the geometry of equivariant, proper maps from homogeneous bundles $G\times_P V$ over flag varieties $G/P$ to representations of $G$, called collapsing maps. Kempf showed that, provided the bundle is completely reducible, the image $G\cdot V$ of a collapsing map has rational singularities in characteristic zero. We extend this result to positive characteristic and show that for the analogous bundles the saturation $G\cdot V$ is strongly $F$-regular if its coordinate ring has a good filtration. We further show that in this case the images of collapsing maps of homogeneous bundles restri…
Categorical resolutions of filtered schemes
本文通过将Kuznetsov和Lunts的$\mathcal{A}$-空间重新解释为有限滤过概形，仅利用射影消解的存在性，给出了任意特征零域上有限型分离概形存在奇点范畴消解定理的替代证明。
This thesis presents a way to apply this theorem of Gabber to a large portion of Voevodsky's work in order to lift the assumption that resolution of singularities holds. This gives unconditional versions of many of his and others' theorems provided we work Z[1/p] linearly, where p is the exponential characteristic of the base field. One example of the many applications we give is a partial answer to a 1980 conjecture of Weibel. Another is the removal of the hypothesis of resolution of singularities from a result of Suslin that compares Bloch's higher Chow groups and etale cohomology. Voevodsky…
The main goal of this paper is to deduce (from a recent resolution of singularities result of Gabber) the following fact: (effective) Chow motives with $Z[1/p]$-coefficients over a perfect field $k$ of characteristic $p$ generate the category $DM^{eff}_{gm}[1/p]$ (of effective geometric Voevodsky's motives with $Z[1/p]$-coefficients). It follows that $DM^{eff}_{gm}[1/p]$ could be endowed with a Chow weight structure $w_{Chow}$ whose heart is $Chow^{eff}[1/p]$ (weight structures were introduced in a preceding paper, where the existence of $w_{Chow}$ for $DM^{eff}_{gm}Q$ was also proved). As sho…
We study an analytically irreducible algebroid germ (X, 0) of complex singularity by considering the filtrations of its analytic algebra, and their associated graded rings, induced by the divisorial valuations associated to the irreducible components of the exceptional divisor of the normalized blow-up of the normalization (Y, 0) of (X, 0), centered at the point 0 of Y. If (X, 0) is a quasi-ordinary hypersurface singularity, we obtain that the associated graded ring is an algebra of finite type over the field of complex numbers, namely the coordinate ring of a non necessarily normal affine tor…
Milne's correcting factor, which appears in the Zeta-value at $s=n$ of a smooth projective variety $X$ over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$, is the Euler characteristic of the derived de Rham cohomology of $X/\mathbb{Z}$ modulo the Hodge filtration $F^n$. In this note, we extend this result to arbitrary separated schemes of finite type over $\mathbb{F}_q$ of dimension at most $d$, provided resolution of singularities for schemes of dimension at most $d$ holds. More precisely, we show that Geisser's generalization of Milne's factor, whenever it is well defined, is the Euler characteristic of the …
Plumbings of lens spaces and crepant resolutions of compound $A_n$ singularities
本文通过证明两种版本的同调镜像对称性，建立了复合$A_n$奇点的回缩消解与仿射$A_n$透镜空间管道之间的等价关系。
Quot scheme of points on torus knot singularities
本研究证明环面纽结奇点上点Quot概型的模空间可由仿射胞腔铺成，确定了其格罗滕迪克动机，提出了相关的Rogers–Ramanujan型恒等式、同调与几何对象的对应猜想及反常滤过猜想并部分验证。
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