We consider stochastic difference equation x_{n+1} = x_n (1 - h f(x_n) + \sqrt{h} g(x_n) ξ_{n+1}), where functions f and g are nonlinear and bounded, random variables ξ_i are independent and h>0 is a nonrandom parameter. We establish results on asymptotic stability and instability of the trivial solution x_n=0. We also show, that for some natural choices of the nonlinearities f and g, the rate of decay of x_n is approximately polynomial: we find α>0 such that x_n decay faster than n^{-α+ε} but slower than n^{-α-ε} for any ε>0. It also turns out that if g(x) decays faster than f(x) as x->0, the polynomial rate of decay can be established exactly, x_n n^α-> const. On the other hand, if the coefficient by the noise does not decay fast enough, the approximate decay rate is the best possible result.
Via a special transform and by using the techniques of the Malliavin calculus, we analyze the density of the solution to a stochastic differential equation with unbounded drift.
We study an infinite white $α$-stable systems with unbounded interactions, proving the existence by Galerkin approximation and exponential mixing property by an $α$-stable version of gradient bounds.
This paper continues the study of [11, 13] for stationary solutions of stochastic linear retarded functional differential equations with the emphasis on delays which appear in those terms including spatial partial derivatives. As a consequence, the associated stochastic equations have unbounded operators acting on the discrete or distributed delayed terms, while the operator acting on the instantaneous term generates a strongly continuous semigroup. We present conditions on the delay systems to obtain a unique stationary solution by combining spectrum analysis of unbounded operators and stocha…
We consider stochastic dynamical systems on ${\mathbb{R}}$, that is, random processes defined by $X_n^x=Ψ_n(X_{n-1}^x)$, $X_0^x=x$, where $Ψ_n$ are i.i.d. random continuous transformations of some unbounded closed subset of ${\mathbb{R}}$. We assume here that $Ψ_n$ behaves asymptotically like $A_nx$, for some random positive number $A_n$ [the main example is the affine stochastic recursion $Ψ_n(x)=A_nx+B_n$]. Our aim is to describe invariant Radon measures of the process $X_n^x$ in the critical case, when ${\mathbb{E}}\log A_1=0$. We prove that those measures behave at infinity like $\frac{dx}…
In this paper, we prove a central limit theorem and establish a moderate deviation principle for 2D stochastic hydrodynamical type systems with multiplicative noise in unbounded domains, which covers 2D Navier-Stokes equations, 2D MHD models and the 2D magnetic B?enard problem and also shell models of turbulence. The weak convergence method plays an important role in obtaining the moderate deviation principle.
We prove the existence and uniqueness of global solutions to the semilinear stochastic heat equation on an unbounded spatial domain with forcing terms that grow superlinearly and satisfy an Osgood condition $\int 1/|f(u)|du = +\infty$ along with additional restrictions. For example, consider the forcing $f(u) = u \log(e^e + |u|)\log(\log(e^e+|u|))$. A new dynamic weighting procedure is introduced to control the solutions, which are unbounded in space.
The asymptotically autonomous robustness of random attractors of stochastic fluid equations defined on \emph{bounded} domains has been considered in the literature. In this article, we initially consider this topic (almost surely and in probability) for a non-autonomous stochastic 2D Navier-Stokes equation driven by additive and multiplicative noise defined on some \emph{unbounded Poincaré domains}. There are two significant keys to study this topic: what is the asymptotically autonomous limiting set of the time-section of random attractors as time goes to negative infinity, and how to show th…
In this paper we consider two classes of backward stochastic differential equations. Firstly, under a Lipschitz-type condition on the generator of the equation, which can also be unbounded, we give sufficient conditions for the existence of a unique solution pair. The method of proof is that of Picard iterations and the resulting conditions are new. We also prove a comparison theorem. Secondly, under the linear growth and continuity assumptions on the possibly unbounded generator, we prove the existence of the solution pair. This class of equations is more general than the existing ones.
In this paper we prove the existence and uniqueness of path-wise strong solution to stochastic viscous flow in unbounded channels with multiple outlets using local monotonicity arguments. We devise a construction for solvability using a stochastic basic vector field.
We give a new method for proving the homomorphic property of a quantum stochastic ow satisfying a quantum stochastic differential equation with unbounded coefficients, under some further hypotheses. As an application, we prove a Trotter product formula for quantum stochastic ows and obtain quantum stochastic dilations of a class of quantum dynamical semigroups generalizing results of [5]
In this paper, we consider stochastic homogenization of elliptic equations with unbounded and non-uniformly elliptic coefficients. Extending subadditive arguments, we get an estimate for the rate of the convergence of the solution of the Dirichlet problem under the condition that coefficients in the unit cube have a certain exponential integrability. For the coefficient field $\mathbf{a}$ in this paper, we only assume a constant decrease at a constant distance of the maximal correlation as an assumption of ergodicity, and stationarity with respect to $\mathbb{Z}^d$-translations.
The existence of martingale solutions of the hydrodynamic-type equations in 3D possibly unbounded domains is proved. The construction of the solution is based on the Faedo-Galerkin approximation. To overcome the difficulty related to the lack of the compactness of Sobolev embeddings in the case of unbounded domain we use certain Fréchet space. We use also compactness and tightness criteria in some nonmetrizable spaces and a version of the Skorokhod Theorem in non-metric spaces. The general framework is applied to the stochastic Navier-Stokes, magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) and the Boussinesq equat…
Martingale solutions of stochastic Navier-Stokes equations in 2D and 3D possibly unbounded domains, driven by the Lévy noise consisting of the compensated time homogeneous Poisson random measure and the Wiener process are considered. Using the classical Faedo-Galerkin approximation and the compactness method we prove existence of a martingale solution. We prove also the compactness and tighness criteria in a certain space contained in some spaces of càdlàg functions, weakly càdlàg functions and some Fréchet spaces. Moreover, we use a version of the Skorokhod Embedding Theorem for nonmetric spa…
We consider binary infinite order stochastic chains perturbed by a random noise. This means that at each time step, the value assumed by the chain can be randomly and independently flipped with a small fixed probability. We show that the transition probabilities of the perturbed chain are uniformly close to the corresponding transition probabilities of the original chain. As a consequence, in the case of stochastic chains with unbounded but otherwise finite variable length memory, we show that it is possible to recover the context tree of the original chain, using a suitable version of the alg…
A rigged Hilbert space characterisation of the unbounded generators of quantum completely positive (CP) stochastic semigroups is given. The general form and the dilation of the stochastic completely dissipative (CD) equation over the algebra L(H) is described, as well as the unitary quantum stochastic dilation of the subfiltering and contractive flows with unbounded generators is constructed.
We show that the stochastic flow generated by the Stochastic Navier-Stokes equations in a 2-dimensional Poincaré domain has a unique random attractor. This result complements a recent result by Brzeźniak and Li [10] who showed that the flow is asymptotically compact and generalizes a recent result by Caraballo et al. [12] who proved existence of a unique pullback attractor for the time-dependent deterministic Navier-Stokes equations in a 2-dimensional Poincaré domain.
This paper is interested in semilinear stochastic equations having unbounded nonlinear perturbations in the deterministic part and/or in the random part. Moreover, the linear part of these equations is governed by a not necessarily analytic semigroup. The main difficulty with these equations is how to define the concept of mild solutions due to the chosen type of unbounded perturbations. To overcome this problem, we first proved a regularity property of the stochastic convolution with respect to the domain of "admissible" unbounded linear operators (not necessarily closed or closable). This is…
Building upon a recent work by two of the authours and J. Seidler on bw-Feller property for stochastic nonlinear beam and wave equations, we prove the existence of an invariant measure to stochastic 2-D Navier-Stokes (with multiplicative noise) equations in unbounded domains. This answers an open question left after the first authour and Y. Li proved a corresponding result in the case of an additive noise.
The Cauchy problem for a multidimensional linear transport equation with unbounded drift is investigated. Provided the drift is Holder continuous , existence, uniqueness and strong stability of solutions are obtained. The proofs are based on a careful analysis of the associated stochastic flow of characteristics and techniques of stochastic analysis.
In this paper we obtain non-uniform exponential upper bounds for the rate of convergence of a version of the algorithm Context, when the underlying tree is not necessarily bounded. The algorithm Context is a well-known tool to estimate the context tree of a Variable Length Markov Chain. As a consequence of the exponential bounds we obtain a strong consistency result. We generalize in this way several previous results in the field.
In this article, using DiPerna-Lions theory \cite{Di-Li}, we investigate linear second order stochastic partial differential equations with unbounded and degenerate non-smooth coefficients, and obtain several conditions for existence and uniqueness. Moreover, we also prove the $L^1$-integrability and a general maximal principle for generalized solutions of SPDEs. As applications, we study nonlinear filtering problem and also obtain the existence and uniqueness of generalized solutions for a degenerate nonlinear SPDE.
This paper is related to nonzero-sum stochastic differential games in the Markovian framework. We show existence of a Nash equilibrium point for the game when the drift is no longer bounded and only satisfies a linear growth condition. The main tool is the notion of backward stochastic differential equations which, in our case, are multidimensional with continuous coefficient and stochastic linear growth.
We prove the existence and uniqueness of the mild solution for a nonlinear stochastic heat equation defined on an unbounded spatial domain. The nonlinearity is not assumed to be globally, or even locally, Lipschitz continuous. Instead the nonlinearity is assumed to satisfy a one-sided Lipschitz condition. First, a strengthened version of the Kolmogorov continuity theorem is introduced to prove that the stochastic convolutions of the fundamental solution of the heat equation and a spatially homogeneous noise grow no faster than polynomially. Second, a deterministic mapping that maps the stochas…
In a previous work, P. Briand and Y. Hu proved the uniqueness among the solutions which admit every exponential moments. In this paper, we prove that uniqueness holds among solutions which admit some given exponential moments. These exponential moments are natural as they are given by the existence theorem. Thanks to this uniqueness result we can strengthen the nonlinear Feynman-Kac formula proved by P. Briand and Y. Hu.
This paper deals with stochastic integrals of form $\int_0^T f(X_u)d Y_u$ in a case where the function $f$ has discontinuities, and hence the process $f(X)$ is usually of unbounded $p$-variation for every $p\geq 1$. Consequently, integration theory introduced by Young or rough path theory introduced by Lyons cannot be applied directly. In this paper we prove the existence of such integrals in a pathwise sense provided that $X$ and $Y$ have suitably regular paths together with some minor additional assumptions. In many cases of interest, our results extend the celebrated results by Young.
We study the two-dimensional wave equation with cubic nonlinearity posed on $\mathbb R^2$, with space-time white noise forcing. After a suitable renormalisation of the nonlinearity, we prove global well-posedness for this equation for initial data in $\mathcal H^s$, $s>\frac45$.
The asymptotic behavior of solutions of two dimensional stochastic convective Brinkman-Forchheimer (2D SCBF) equations in unbounded domains is discussed in this work (for example, Poincaré domains). We first prove the existence of $\mathbb{H}^1$-random attractors for the stochastic flow generated by 2D SCBF equations (for the absorption exponent $r\in[1,3]$) perturbed by an additive noise on Poincaré domains. Furthermore, we deduce the existence of a unique invariant measure in $\mathbb{H}^1$ for the 2D SCBF equations defined on Poincaré domains. In addition, a remark on the extension of these…
We study singular perturbations of a class of two-scale stochastic control systems with unbounded data. The assumptions are designed to cover some relaxation problems for deep neural networks. We construct effective Hamiltonian and initial data and prove the convergence of the value function to the solution of a limit (effective) Cauchy problem for a parabolic equation of HJB type. We use methods of probability, viscosity solutions and homogenization.
We study in this article the existence and uniqueness of solutions to a class of stochastic transport equations with irregular coefficients and unbounded divergence. In the first result we assume the drift is $L^{2}([0,T] \times \R^{d})\cap L^{\infty}([0,T] \times \R^{d})$ and the divergence is the locally integrable. In the second result we show that the smoothing acts as a selection criterion when the drift is in $L^{2}([0,T] \times \R^{d})\cap L^{\infty}([0,T] \times \R^{d})$ without any condition on the divergence.
This paper studies the limit of a kinetic evolution equation involving a small parameter and driven by a random process which also scales with the small parameter. In order to prove the convergence in distribution to the solution of a stochastic diffusion equation while removing a boundedness assumption on the driving random process, we adapt the method of perturbed test functions to work with stopped martingales problems.
A natural formulation of the theory of quantum measurements in continuous time is based on quantum stochastic differential equations (Hudson-Parthasarathy equations). However, such a theory was developed only in the case of Hudson-Parthasarathy equations with bounded coefficients. By using some results on Hudson-Parthasarathy equations with unbounded coefficients, we are able to extend the theory of quantum continuous measurements to cases in which unbounded operators on the system space are involved. A significant example of a quantum optical system (the degenerate parametric oscillator) is s…
The stochastic partial differential equation analyzed in this work, is motivated by a simplified mesoscopic physical model for phase separation. It describes pattern formation due to adsorption and desorption mechanisms involved in surface processes, in the presence of a stochastic driving force. This equation is a combination of Cahn-Hilliard and Allen-Cahn type operators with a multiplicative, white, space-time noise of unbounded diffusion. We apply Malliavin calculus, in order to investigate the existence of a density for the stochastic solution $u$. In dimension one, according to the regul…
We prove a modification to the classical maximal inequality for stochastic convolutions in 2-smooth Banach spaces using the factorization method. This permits to study semilinear stochastic partial differential equations with unbounded diffusion operators driven by cylindrical Brownian motion via the mild solution approach. In the case of finite dimensional driving noise, provided sufficient regularity on the coefficients, we establish existence and uniqueness of strong solutions.
We analyze a zero-sum stochastic differential game between two competing players who can choose unbounded controls. The payoffs of the game are defined through backward stochastic differential equations. We prove that each player's priority value satisfies a weak dynamic programming principle and thus solves the associated fully non-linear partial differential equation in the viscosity sense.
In this paper, we establish a probabilistic representation as well as some integration by parts formulae for the marginal law at a given time maturity of some stochastic volatility model with unbounded drift. Relying on a perturbation technique for Markov semigroups, our formulae are based on a simple Markov chain evolving on a random time grid for which we develop a tailor-made Malliavin calculus. Among other applications, an unbiased Monte Carlo path simulation method stems from our formulas so that it can be used in order to numerically compute with optimal complexity option prices as well …
The paper studies Dirichlet forms on the classical Wiener space and the Wiener space over non-compact complete Riemannian manifolds. The diffusion operator is almost everywhere an unbounded operator on the Cameron--Martin space. In particular, it is shown that under a class of changes of the reference measure, quasi-regularity of the form is preserved. We also show that under these changes of the reference measure, derivative and divergence are closable with certain closable inverses. We first treat the case of the classical Wiener space and then we transfer the results to the Wiener space ove…
In [3], the authors proved that uniqueness holds among solutions whose exponentials are $L^p$ with $p$ bigger than a constant $γ$ ($p\textgreater{}γ$). In this paper, we consider the critical case: $p=γ$. We prove that the uniqueness holds among solutions whose exponentials are $L^γ$ under the additional assumption that the generator is strongly convex.
Stochastic Navier-Stokes equations in 2D and 3D possibly unbounded domains driven by a multiplicative Gaussian noise are considered. The noise term depends on the unknown velocity and its spatial derivatives. The existence of a martingale solution is proved. The construction of the solution is based on the classical Faedo-Galerkin approximation, the compactness method and the Jakubowski version of the Skorokhod Theorem for non-metric spaces. Moreover, some compactness and tightness criteria in non-metric spaces are proved. Compactness results are based on a certain generalization of the classi…
In this article, we consider the stochastic Cahn--Hilliard equation driven by multiplicative space-time white noise with diffusion coefficient of sublinear growth. By introducing the spectral Galerkin method, we first obtain the well-posedness of the approximated equation in finite dimension. Then with the help of the semigroup theory and the factorization method, the approximation processes is shown to possess many desirable properties. Further, we show that the approximation process is strongly convergent in certain Banach space via the interpolation inequality and variational approach. Fina…
In this paper a quantum stochastic integral representation theorem is obtained for unbounded regular martingales with respect to multidimensional quantum noise. This simultaneously extends results of Parthasarathy and Sinha to unbounded martingales and those of the author to multidimensions.
We introduce a linear space of finitely additive measures to treat the problem of optimal expected utility from consumption under a stochastic clock and an unbounded random endowment process. In this way we establish existence and uniqueness for a large class of utility maximization problems including the classical ones of terminal wealth or consumption, as well as the problems depending on a random time-horizon or multiple consumption instances. As an example we treat explicitly the problem of maximizing the logarithmic utility of a consumption stream, where the local time of an Ornstein-Uhle…
The Cahn-Hilliard/Allen-Cahn equation with noise is a simplified mean field model of stochastic microscopic dynamics associated with adsorption and desorption-spin flip mechanisms in the context of surface processes. For such an equation we consider a multiplicative space-time white noise with diffusion coefficient of sub-linear growth. Using technics from semigroup theory, we prove existence, and path regularity of stochastic solution depending on that of the initial condition. Our results are also valid for the stochastic Cahn-Hilliard equation with unbounded noise diffusion, for which previ…
We study controlled differential equations driven by a rough path (in the sense of T. Lyons) with an additional, possibly unbounded drift term. We show that the equation induces a solution flow if the drift grows at most linearly. Furthermore, we show that the semiflow exists assuming only appropriate one-sided growth conditions. We provide bounds for both the flow and the semiflow. Applied to stochastic analysis, our results imply "strong completeness" and the existence of a stochastic (semi)flow for a large class of stochastic differential equations. If the driving process is Gaussian, we ca…
We introduce a linear space of finitely additive measures to treat the problem of optimal expected utility from consumption under a stochastic clock and an unbounded random endowment process. In this way we establish existence and uniqueness for a large class of utility-maximization problems including the classical ones of terminal wealth or consumption, as well as the problems that depend on a random time horizon or multiple consumption instances. As an example we explicitly treat the problem of maximizing the logarithmic utility of a consumption stream, where the local time of an Ornstein-Uh…
We consider the well-travelled problem of homogenization of random integral functionals. When the integrand has standard growth conditions, the qualitative theory is well-understood. When it comes to unbounded functionals, that is, when the domain of the integrand is not the whole space and may depend on the space-variable, there is no satisfactory theory. In this contribution we develop a complete qualitative stochastic homogenization theory for nonconvex unbounded functionals with convex growth. We first prove that if the integrand is convex and has $p$-growth from below (with $p>d$, the dim…
Large deviation principles for 2D stochastic $g$-Navier--Stokes equations on unbounded channel-like domains
School of Mathematical Sciences, Sichuan Normal University（四川师范大学数学科学学院）；Faculty of Science, Civil Aviation Flight University of China（中国民航飞行大学理学院）；College of Applied Mathematics, Chengdu University of Information Technology（成都信息工程大学应用数学学院）
In this article, we construct a global martingale solution to a general nonlinear Schrödinger equation with linear multiplicative noise in the Stratonovich form. Our framework includes many examples of spatial domains like $\mathbb{R}^d$, non-compact Riemannian manifolds, and unbounded domains in $\mathbb{R}^d$ with different boundary conditions. The initial value belongs to the energy space $H^1$ and we treat subcritical focusing and defocusing power nonlinearities. The proof is based on an approximation technique which makes use of spectral theoretic methods and an abstract Littlewood-Paley-…
