We use Hamiltonian actions to construct nonstandard (as opposed to $\RP^n$ and $T^n$) Lagrangian submanifolds of $\CP^n$. First of all, a quotient of $\RP^3$ by the dihedral group $D_3$ is a Lagrangian submanifold of $\CP^3$. Secondly, $\Su(n)/\Z_n$ are Lagrangian submanifolds of $\CP^{n^2-1}$.
We discuss various algebraic quantum structures associated to monotone Lagrangian submanifolds and we present a number of applications, computations and examples.
The purpose of this paper is to give an application of the gluing theorem for special Lagrangian submanifolds of a Calabi-Yau 3-fold. We proved a gluing theorem before to smooth a codimension-two singularity of a particular special Lagrangian submanifold. In this paper we will show that this theorem can be applied to more general cases where different special Lagrangians are intersecting and gives a way of constructing new special Lagrangian submanifolds. As an example we will show that a smooth special Lagrangian submanifold can be obtained from five copies of RP^3 intersecting pairwise in a …
We uncover the lowest order differential invariants of Lagrangian submanifolds under affine symplectic maps, and find out what happens when they are constant.
In this work, we prove a compactness theorem on the space of all Hamiltonian stationay Lagrangian submanifolds in a compact symplectic manifold with uniform bounds on area and total extrinsic curvature.
The branched deformations of immersed compact special Lagrangian submanifolds are studied in this paper. If there exists a nondegenerate $\mathbb{Z}_2$ harmonic 1-form over a special Lagrangian submanifold $L$, we construct a family of immersed special Lagrangian submanifolds $\tilde{L}_t$, that are diffeomorphic to a branched covering of $L$ and $\tilde{L}_t$ convergence to $2L$ as current. This answers a question suggested by Donaldson. Combining with the work of Abouzaid and Imagi, we obtain constraints for the existence of nondegenerate $\mathbb{Z}_2$ harmonic 1-forms.
Given a Lagrangian submanifold in a symplectic manifold and a Morse function on the submanifold, we show that there is an isotopic Morse function and a symplectic Lefschetz pencil on the manifold extending the Morse function to the whole manifold. From this construction we define a sequence of symplectic invariants classifying the isotopy classes of Lagrangian spheres in a symplectic 4-manifold.
In this work, we establish new rigidity results for the Maslov class of Lagrangian submanifolds in large classes of closed and convex symplectic manifolds. Our main result establishes upper bounds for the minimal Maslov number of displaceable Lagrangian submanifolds which are product manifolds whose factors each admit a metric of negative sectional curvature. Such Lagrangian submanifolds exist in every symplectic manifold of dimension greater than six or equal to four. The proof utilizes the relations between closed geodesics on the Lagrangian, the periodic orbits of geometric Hamiltonian flow…
This paper explores the topology of monotone Lagrangian submanifolds $L$ inside a symplectic manifold $M$ by exploiting the relationships between the quantum homology of $M$ and various quantum structures associated to the Lagrangian $L$.
We prove an equivariant deformation result for Hamiltonian stationary Lagrangian submanifolds of a Kahler manifold, with respect to deformations of its metric and almost complex structure that are compatible with an isometric Hamiltonian group action. This yields existence of Hamiltonian stationary Lagrangian submanifolds in possibly non-Kahler symplectic manifolds whose metric is arbitrarily close to a Kahler metric.
In this article we study complex properties of minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in Kaehler ambient spaces, and how they depend on the ambient curvature. In particular, we prove that, in the negative curvature case, minimal Lagrangians do not admit fillings by holomorphic discs. The proof relies on a mix of holomorphic curve techniques and on certain convexity results.
R.C.McLean showed that the moduli space of nearby submanifolds of a smooth, compact, orientable special Lagrangian submanifold L in a Calabi-Yau manifold X is a smooth manifold and its tangent space at L is identified with the space of harmonic one forms on L. In this paper, we will extend this result from Calabi-Yau manifolds to the symplectic manifolds with non-integrable almost complex structure.
The purpose of this paper is to prove a gluing theorem for a given special Lagrangian submanifold of a Calabi-Yau 3-fold. The proof will be an adaption of the gluing techniques in J-holomorphic curve theory. It is a well known procedure in geometric analysis to construct new solutions to a given nonlinear partial differential equation by gluing known solutions. First an approximate solution is constructed and then using analytic methods it is perturbed to a real solution. In this paper the gluing theorem will be used for smoothing a singularity of a special Lagrangian submanifold. In particula…
We give a construction of the Floer homology of the pair of {\it non-compact} Lagrangian submanifolds, which satisfies natural continuity property under the Hamiltonian isotopy which moves the infinity but leaves the intersection set of the pair compact. This construction uses the concept of Lagrangian cobordism and certain singular Lagrangian submanifolds. We apply this construction to conormal bundles (or varieties) in the cotangent bundle, and relate it to a conjecture made by MacPherson on the intersection theory of the characteristic Lagrangian cycles associated to the perverse sheaves co…
We give a coadjoint orbit's diffeomorphic deformation between the classical semisimple case and the semi-direct product given by a Cartan decomposition. The two structures admit the Hermitian symplectic form defined in a semisimple complex Lie algebra. We provide some applications such as the constructions of Lagrangian submanifolds.
We characterize isometric actions on compact Kaehler manifolds admitting a Lagrangian orbit, describing under which condition the Lagrangian orbit is unique. We furthermore give the complete classification of simple groups acting on the complex projective space with a Lagrangian orbit, and we give the explicit list of these orbits.
The $n$-dimensional complex hyperquadric is a compact complex algebraic hypersurface defined by the quadratic equation in the $(n+1)$-dimensional complex projective space, which is isometric to the real Grassmann manifold of oriented 2- planes and is a compact Hermitian symmetric space of rank 2. In this paper we study geometry of compact Lagrangian submanifolds in complex hyperquadrics from the viewpoint of the theory of isoparametric hypersurfaces in spheres. From this viewpoint we provide a classification theorem of compact homogeneous Lagrangian submanifolds in complex hyperquadrics by usi…
We consider collections of Lagrangian submanifolds of a given symplectic manifold which respect uniform bounds of curvature type coming from an auxiliary Riemannian metric. We prove that, for a large class of metrics on these collections, convergence to an embedded Lagrangian submanifold implies convergence to it in the Hausdorff metric. This class of metrics includes well-known metrics such as the Lagrangian Hofer metric, the spectral norm and the shadow metrics introduced by Biran, Cornea and Shelukhin arXiv:1806.06630. The proof relies on a version of the monotonicity lemma, applied on a ca…
We consider Lagrangian-like submanifolds in certain even-dimensional 'symplectic-like' Poisson manifolds. We show, under suitable transversality hypotheses, that the pair consisting of the ambient Poisson manifold and the submanifold has unobstructed deformations and that the deformations automatically preserve the Lagrangian-like property.
In this note we show the following result using the integral-geometric formula of R. Howard: Consider the totally geodesic $\mathbb{R}P^{2m}$ in $\mathbb{C}P^n$. Then it minimizes volume among the isotropic submanifolds in the same $\mathbb{Z}/2$ homology class in $\mathbb{C}P^n$ (but not among all submanifolds in this $\mathbb{Z}/2$ homology class). Also the totally geodesic $\mathbb{R}P^{2m-1}$ minimizes volume in its Hamiltonian deformation class in $\mathbb{C}P^n$. As a corollary we'll give estimates for volumes of Lagrangian submanifolds in complete intersections in $\mathbb{C}P^n$.
We give a detailed, self-contained proof of Geoffrey Martin's normal form theorem for Lagrangian submanifolds of standard multisymplectic manifolds (that generalises Alan Weinstein's famous normal form theorem in symplectic geometry), providing also complete proofs for the necessary results in foliated differential topology, i.e., a foliated tubular neighborhood theorem and a foliated relative Poincaré lemma.
We give necessary and sufficient conditions for a Lagrangian submanifold of a Kähler manifold to be biharmonic. Furthermore, we classify biharmonic PNMC Lagrangian submanifolds in the complex space forms.
We develop the foundation of the complex symplectic geometry of Lagrangian subvarieties in a hyperkahler manifold. We establish a characterization, a Chern number inequality, topological and geometrical properties of Lagrangian submanifolds. We discuss a category of Lagrangian subvarieties and its relationship with the theory of Lagrangian intersection. We also introduce and study extensively a normalized Legendre transformation of Lagrangian subvarieties under a birational transformation of projective hyperkahler manifolds. We give a Plucker type formula for Lagrangian intersections under thi…
In this article the framework created by Cartan to produce local differential invariants for submanifolds of homogeneous spaces is applied to classify all totally geodesic Lagrangian submanifolds and all homogeneous Lagrangian submanifolds of the nearly Kähler manifold of full flags in $\mathbb{C}^3$.
We fully classify all Lagrangian submanifolds of a complex Grassmannian which are an orbit of a compact group of isometries and have positive Euler characteristic.
In this paper we generalize examples of Hamiltonian stationary Lagrangian submanifolds constructed by Lee and Wang in $\mathbb{C}^m$ to toric almost Calabi-Yau manifolds. We construct examples of weighted Hamiltonian stationary Lagrangian submanifolds in toric almost Calabi-Yau manifolds and solutions of generalized Lagrangian mean curvature flows starting from these examples. We allow these flows to have some singularities and topological changes.
Butscher, D. Lee, Y. Lee, and Joyce constructed a special Lagrangian submanifold by gluing a Lawlor neck into a transverse intersection point of two special Lagrangian submanifolds. We prove a uniqueness theorem for the gluing of flat special Lagrangian tori of real dimension 3 in a flat complex torus of complex dimension 3.
By establishing two general quadratic inequalities, we obtain some inequalities related to Ricci curvatures for Lagrangian submanifolds of K$\ddot{\mathrm{a}}$hler QCH-manifolds, which generalize some results for Lagrangian submanifolds of complex space forms.
$H$-umbilicity was introduced as an analogue of total umbilicity for Lagrangian submanifolds since, in some relevant cases, totally umbilical Lagrangian submanifolds are automatically totally geodesic. In this paper, we show that in the homogeneous nearly Kähler $\mathbb{S}^3\times\mathbb{S}^3$, also $H$-umbilical Lagrangian submanifolds are automatically totally geodesic.
The authors obtained the classification theorem for Lagrangian H-umbilical submanifolds in quaternion Euclidean spaces using the idea of quaternion extensors.
We show that Lagrangian submanifolds in six-dimensional nearly Kähler (non Kähler) manifolds and in twistor spaces $Z\sp{4n+2}$ over quaternionic Kähler manifolds $Q\sp{4n}$ are minimal. Moreover, we will prove that any Lagrangian submanifold $L$ in a nearly Kähler manifold $M$ splits into a product of two Lagrangian submanifolds for which one factor is Lagrangian in the strict nearly Kähler part of $M$ and the second factor is Lagrangian in the Kähler part of $M$. Using this splitting theorem we then describe Lagrangian submanifolds in nearly Kähler manifolds of dimensions six, eight and ten.
We give a necessary and sufficient condition for a special Lagrangian submanifold in C^n constructed by Lawlor being also special Lagrangian in C^n with the Fubini-Study form.
In this paper, we prove some differentiable sphere theorems and topological sphere theorems for Lagrangian submanifolds in Kähler manifold and Legendrian submanifolds in Sasaki space form.
We prove a conjecture formulated by Pablo M. Chacon and Guillermo A. Lobos in [Pseudo-parallel Lagrangian submanifolds in complex space forms, Differential Geom. Appl.] stating that every Lagrangian pseudo-parallel submanifold of a complex space form of dimension at least 3 is semi-parallel.
In this paper we extend the well-know normal form theorem for Lagrangian submanifolds proved by A. Weinstein in symplectic geometry to the setting of k-symplectic manifolds.
We construct smooth families of compact special Lagrangian submanifolds embedded in some toric hyper-K\"ahler manifolds, which never become holomorphic Lagrangian submanifolds via any hyper-Kähler rotations. These families converge to special Lagrangian immersions with self-intersection points in the sense of current. To construct them, we apply the desingularization method developed by Joyce.
Using the idea of special Legendre curves, the authors obtained the explicit description of flat Lagrangian H-umbilical submanifolds in quaternion Euclidean spaces.
Recently Oprea gave an improved version of Chen's inequality for Lagrangian submanifolds of $\mathbb CP^n(4)$. For minimal submanifolds this inequality coincides with the original previously proved version. We consider here those non minimal 3-dimensional Lagrangian submanifolds in $\mathbb CP^3 (4)$ attaining at all points equality in the improved Chen inequality. We show how all such submanifolds may be obtained starting from a minimal Lagrangian surface in $\mathbb CP^2(4)$ and a suitable horizontal curve in $S^3(1)$.
In this paper a bijective correspondence between superminimal surfaces of an oriented Riemannian $4$-manifold and particular Lagrangian submanifolds of the twistor space over the $4$-manifold is proven. More explicitly, for every superminimal surface a submanifold of the twistor space is constructed which is Lagrangian for all the natural almost Hermitian structures on the twistor space. The twistor fibration restricted to the constructed Lagrangian gives a circle bundle over the superminimal surface. Conversely, if a submanifold of the twistor space is Lagrangian for all the natural almost He…
We study Lagrangian submanifolds foliated by (n-1)-spheres in R^2n for n>2. We give a parametrization valid for such submanifolds, and refine that description when the submanifold is special Lagrangian, self-similar or Hamiltonian stationary. In all these cases, the submanifold is centered, i.e. invariant under the action of SO(n). It suffices then to solve a simple ODE in two variables to describe the geometry of the solutions.
Consider the complex linear space C^n endowed with the canonical pseudo-Hermitian form of signature (2p,2(n-p)). This yields both a pseudo-Riemannian and a symplectic structure on C^n. We prove that those submanifolds which are both Lagrangian and minimal with respect to these structures minimize the volume in their Lagrangian homology class. We also describe several families of minimal Lagrangian submanifolds. In particular, we characterize the minimal Lagrangian surfaces in C^2 endowed with its natural neutral metric and the equivariant minimal Lagrangian submanifolds of C^n with arbitrary s…
The object of this article is to compute the holonomy group of the normal connection of complex parallel submanifolds of the complex projective space. We also give a new proof of the classification of complex parallel submanifolds by using a normal holonomy approach. Indeed, we explain how these submanifolds can be regarded as the unique complex orbits of the (projectivized) isotropy representation of an irreducible Hermitian symmetric space. Moreover, we show how these important submanifolds are related to other areas of mathematics and theoretical physics. Finally, we state a conjecture abou…
In this paper we consider minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in $n$-dimensional complex space forms. More precisely, we study such submanifolds which, endowed with the induced metrics, write as a Riemannian product of two Riemannian manifolds, each having constant sectional curvature. As the main result, we give a complete classification of these submanifolds.
In this paper, we study the CR submanifolds of maximal CR dimension with flat normal connection of a complex projective space. We first investigate the position of the umbilical normal vector in the normal bundle, especially for the submanifolds of dimension 3. Then as the application, we prove the non-existence of a class of CR submanifolds of maximal CR dimension with flat normal connection.
In this paper, we investigate Lagrangian submanifolds in the nearly Kaehler $S^3 \times S^3$. We construct a new example which is a at Lagrangian torus. We give a complete classification of all the Lagrangian immersions of spaces of constant sectional curvature in the nearly Kaehler $S^3\times S^3$.
The purpose of this short note is to prove the uniqueness of Hamiltonian volume minimizing Lagrangian submanifolds which are Hamiltonian isotopic to RP^n in CP^n modulo isometric group actions.
The aim of this paper is to study variational properties for $f$-minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in Kähler manifolds with real holomorphy potentials. Examples of submanifolds of this kind incuding soliton solutions for Lagrangian mean curvature flow (LMCF). We derive second variation formula for $f$-minimal Lagrangians as a generalization of Chen and Oh's formula for minimal Lagrangians. As a corollary, we obtain stability of expanding and translating solitons for LMCF. We also define calibrated submanifolds with respect to $f$-volume in gradient steady Kähler--Ricci solitons as generalization…
In this paper, the relationship between the existence of special lagrangian submanifolds and the collapsing of Calabi-Yau manifolds is studied. First, special lagrangian fibrations are constructed on some regions of bounded curvature and sufficiently collapsed in Ricci-flat Calabi-Yau manifolds. Then, in the opposite direction,it is shown that the existence of special lagrangian submanifolds with small volume implies the collapsing of some regions in the ambient Calabi-Yau manifolds.
In this paper we construct new examples of minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in the complex hyperbolic space with large symmetry groups, obtaining three 1-parameter families with cohomegeneity one. We characterize them as the only minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in CH^n foliated by umbilical hypersurfaces of Lagrangian subspaces RH^n of CH^n. Several suitable generalizations of the above construction allow us to get new families of minimal Lagrangian submanifolds in CH^n from curves in CH^1 and (n-1)-dimensional minimal Lagrangian submanifolds of the complex space forms CP^n-1, CH^n-1 and C^n-1.…
We address the study of some curvature equations for distinguished submanifolds in para-Kähler geometry. We first observe that a para-complex submanifold of a para-Kähler manifold is minimal. Next we describe the extrinsic geometry of Lagrangian submanifolds in the para-complex Euclidean space D^n and discuss a number of examples, such as graphs and normal bundles. We also characterize those Lagrangian surfaces of D^2 which are minimal and have indefinite metric. Finally we describe the Lagrangian self-similar solutions of the Mean Curvature Flow which are SO(n)-equivariant.
We consider the evolution by mean curvature flow of Lagrangian submanifolds of the complex projective space CP^n. We prove that, if the initial value satisfies a suitable pinching condition, then the flow exists for all times and the manifold converges to a totally geodesic submanifold. As a corollary, we obtain that a Lagrangian submanifold satisfying our pinching condition is diffeomorphic to a real projective space.
We apply the concept of castling transform of prehomogeneous vector spaces to produce new examples of minimal homogeneous Lagrangian submanifolds in the complex projective space. Furthermore we verify the Hamiltonian stability of a low dimensional example that can be obtained in this way.