An almost contact metric structure is parametrized by a section of an associated homogeneous fibre bundle, and conditions for this to be a harmonic section, and a harmonic map, are studied. These involve the characteristic vector field, and the almost complex structure in the contact subbundle. Several examples are given where the harmonic section equations reduce to those for the characteristic field to be a harmonic section of the unit tangent bundle. These include trans-Sasakian structures, and certain nearly cosymplectic structures. On the other hand, we obtain examples where the characteristic field is harmonic but the almost contact structure is not. Many of our examples are obtained by considering hypersurfaces of almost Hermitian manifolds, with the induced almost contact structure, and comparing the harmonic section equations for both structures.
The study of harmonicity for almost contact metric structures was initiated by Vergara-Díaz and Wood and continued by González-Dávila and the present author. By using the intrinsic torsion and some restriction on the type of almost contact metric structure, González-Dávila and the present author have characterised harmonic structures by showing conditions relating harmonicity and classes of almost contact metric structures. Here we do this in a more general context. Moreover, the harmonicity of almost contact metric structures as a map is also done in such a general context. Finally, some rema…
We study harmonic almost contact structures in the context of contact metric manifolds, and an analysis is carried out when such a manifold fibres over an almost Hermitian manifold, as exemplified by the Boothby-Wang fibration. Two types of almost contact metric warped products are also studied, relating their harmonicity to that of the almost Hermitian structure on the base or fibre.
Harmonicity of holomorphic maps between various subclasses of almost contact metric manifolds is discussed. Consequently, some new results are obtained. Also some known results are recovered, some of them are generalized and some of them are corrected.
We go further on the study of harmonicity for almost contact metric structures already initiated by Vergara-Diaz and Wood. By using the intrinsic torsion, we characterise harmonic almost contact metric structures in several equivalent ways and show conditions relating harmonicity and classes of almost contact metric structures. Additionally, we study the harmonicity of such structures as a map into the quotient bundle of the oriented orthonormal frames by the action of the structural group U(n)x1. Finally, by using a Bochner type formula proved by Bor and Hernandez Lamoneda, we display some ex…
In this paper the notion of the intrinsic geometry of an almost contact metric manifold is introduced. Description of some classes of spaces with almost contact metric structures in terms of the intrinsic geometry is given. A new type of almost contact metric spaces, more precisely, Hermitian almost contact metric spaces, is introduced.
In this paper, the notion of an almost contact Kählerian structure is introduced. The interior geometry of almost contact Kählerian spaces is investigated. On the zero-curvature distribution of an almost contact metric structure, as on the total space of a vector bundle, an almost contact Kählerian structure is obtained.
We study almost contact metric structures induced by 2-fold vector cross products on manifolds with $G_2$ structures. We get some results on possible classes of almost contact metric structures. Finally we give examples.
This paper is devoted to the study of curvature and torsion of almost contact curves in trans-Sasakian 3-Manifolds. The conditions for the frenet curves to be almost contact curves in trans-Sasakian 3-manifolds have been obtained.
On connected manifolds of dimension higher than three, the non-existence of $132$ Chinea and González-Dávila types of almost contact metric structures is proved. This is a consequence of some interrelations among components of the intrinsic torsion of an almost contact metric structure. Such interrelations allow to describe the exterior derivatives of some relevant forms in the context of almost contact metric geometry.
In this work, we prove that every complex contact structure gives rise to a distinguished type of almost contact metric 3-structure. As an application of our main result, we provide several new examples of manifolds which admit taut contact circles, taut and round almost cosymplectic 2-spheres, and almost hypercontact (metric) structures. These examples generalize, in a suitable sense, the well-known examples of contact circles defined by the Liouville-Cartan forms on the unit cotangent bundle of Riemann surfaces. Furthermore, we provide sufficient conditions for a compact complex contact mani…
For a Riemannian $G$-structure, we compute the divergence of the vector field induced by the intrinsic torsion. Applying the Stokes theorem, we obtain the integral formula on a closed oriented Riemannian manifold, which we interpret in certain cases. We focus on almost harmitian and almost contact metric structures.
A Sasaki-like almost contact complex Riemannian manifold is defined as an almost contact complex Riemannian manifold which complex cone is a holomorphic complex Riemannian manifold. Explicit compact and non-compact examples are given. A canonical construction producing a Sasaki-like almost contact complex Riemannian manifold from a holomorphic complex Riemannian manifold is presented and called an $S^1$-solvable extension.
We study Lie algebras of generators of infinitesimal symmetries of almost-cosymplectic-contact structures of odd dimensional manifolds. The almost-cosymplectic-contact structure admits on the sheaf of pairs of 1-forms and functions the structure of a Lie algebra. We describe Lie subalgebras in this Lie algebra given by pairs generating infinitesimal symmetries of basic tensor fields given by the almost-cosymplectic-contact structure.
We study 5-dimensional Riemannian manifolds that admit an almost contact metric structure. We classify these structures by their intrinsic torsion and review the literature in terms of this scheme. Moreover, we determine necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of metric connections with vectorial, totally skew-symmetric or traceless cyclic torsion that are compatible with the almost contact metric structure. Finally, we examine explicit examples of almost contact metric 5-manifolds from this perspective.
Almost contact manifolds with B-metric are considered. A special linear connection is introduced, which preserves the almost contact B-metric structure on these manifolds. This connection is investigated on some classes of the considered manifolds.
Almost contact manifolds with B-metric are considered. Of special interest are the so-called vertical classes of the almost contact B-metric manifolds. Curvature properties of these manifolds are studied. An example of 5-dimensional manifolds is constructed and characterized.
The aim of this article is to study the k-almost Ricci soliton and k-almost gradient Ricci soliton on contact metric manifold. First, we prove that if a compact K-contact metric is a k-almost gradient Ricci soliton then it is isometric to a unit sphere S2n+1. Next, we extend this result on a compact k-almost Ricci soliton when the flow vector field X is contact. Finally, we study some special types of k-almost Ricci soliton where the potential vector field X is point wise collinear with the Reeb vector field ξ of the contact metric structure.
It is introduced a differentiable manifold with almost contact 3-structure which consists of an almost contact metric structure and two almost contact B-metric structures. The product of this manifold and a real line is an almost hypercomplex manifold with Hermitian-Norden metrics. It is proven that the introduced manifold of cosymplectic type is at. Some examples of the studied manifolds are given.
A classification scheme of the conformal almost contact metric manifolds with respect to the covariant derivative of the Lee form is given. The subclasses of one basic class and their exact characterizations by the maximal subgroups of the contact conformal group preserving itself are found.
In this paper, we construct complex metric structures on complex hypersurfaces in hyperkahler manifolds. This construction is that in contact geometry.
We study the Schouten-van Kampen connection associated to an almost contact or paracontact metric structure. With the help of such a connection, some classes of almost (para) contact metric manifolds are characterized. Certain curvature properties of this connection are found.
The notions of a twistor space of a contact manifold and a contact connection on such a manifold have been introduced by L. Vezzoni as extensions of the corresponding notions in the case of a symplectic manifold. Given a contact connection on a contact manifold one can define an almost $CR$-structure on its twistor space and Vezzoni has found the integrability condition for this structure. In the present paper it is observed that the $CR$-structure is induced by an almost contact metric structure. The main goal of the paper is to obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for normality of this…
Families of linear connections are constructed on almost contact manifolds with Norden metric. An analogous connection to the symmetric Yano connection is obtained on a normal almost contact manifold with Norden metric and closed structural 1-form. The curvature properties of this connection are studied on two basic classes of normal almost contact manifolds with Norden metric.
On a manifold with an almost contact metric structure $(φ,\vecξ,η,g,X,D)$ the notions of the interior and the $N$-prolonged connections are introduced. Using the $N$-prolonged connection, a new almost contact metric structure is defined on the distribution $D$. The properties of this structure are studied.
We introduce generalized almost contact structures which admit the $B$-field transformations on odd dimensional manifolds. We provide definition of generalized Sasakain structures from the view point of the generalized almost contact structures. We obtain a generalized Sasakian structure on a non-compact manifold which does not arise as a pair of ordinary Sasakian structures. However we show that a generalized Sasakian structure on compact 3-dimensional manifold is equivalent to a pair of Sasakian structures with the same metric. Finally we extend a definition of a generalized almost contact s…
The author is planning if possible classify all three-dimensional $(κ,μ)$-manifolds wether contact metric, almost cosymplectic, para-contact metric, almost para-cosymplectic. Of course classification in contact or almost cosymplectic cases already is provdied. Up to authors knowledge there is no classification for para-contact or almost para-cosymplectic $(κ,μ)$. Conjecture is described by the author in coming paper structures provide classification. The main goal however is to show that these three dimensional manifolds are essentially building blocks of higher-dimensional manifolds. The othe…
There are introduced and studied a pair of associated Schouten-van Kampen affine connections adapted to the contact distribution and an almost contact B-metric structure generated by the pair of associated B-metrics and their Levi-Civita connections. By means of the constructed non-symmetric connections, the basic classes of almost contact B-metric manifolds are characterized. Curvature properties of the considered connections are obtained.
Almost contact manifolds with B-metric are considered. There are studied three natural connections (i.e. linear connections preserving the structure tensors) determined by conditions for their torsions. These connections are investigated on a family of Lie groups considered as 5-dimensional almost contact B-metric manifolds.
The object of investigation are Lie groups considered as almost contact B-metric manifolds of the lowest dimension three. It is established a correspondence of all basic-class-manifolds of the Ganchev-Mihova-Gribachev classification of the studied manifolds and the explicit matrix representation of Lie groups. Some known Lie groups are equiped with almost contact B-metric structure of different types.
This paper studies gradient almost Ricci-harmonic soliton with respect to a fixed metric. We rely on analytic techniques to estabilish some basic elliptic and integral equations for the structure of almost Ricci-harmonic soliton which generalizes that of Ricci-hamonic solitons on one hand and that of almost Ricci soliton on the other hand. The consequences of these formulas in relation to classification and rigidity results for gradient almost Ricci-harmonic solitons are also discussed.
The aim of this research is the study of Gray curvature identities, introduced by Alfred Gray in \cite{kn:Gra76} for the class of almost hermitian manifolds. As known till now, there is no equivalent for the class of almost contact manifolds. For this purpose we use the Boohby-Wang fibration and the warped manifolds construction in order to establish which identities could be satisfied by an almost contact manifold.
We study the geometry of almost contact pseudo-metric manifolds in terms of tensor fields $h:=\frac{1}{2}£_ξφ$ and $\ell := R(\cdot,ξ)ξ$, emphasizing analogies and differences with respect to the contact metric case. Certain identities involving $ξ$-sectional curvatures are obtained. We establish necessary and sufficient condition for a nondegenerate almost $CR$ structure $(\mathcal{H}(M), J, θ)$ corresponding to almost contact pseudo-metric manifold $M$ to be $CR$ manifold. Finally, we prove that a contact pseudo-metric manifold $(M,φ,ξ,η,g)$ is Sasakian if and only if the corresponding nonde…
A dualistic structure on a smooth Riemaniann manifold $M$ is a triple $(M,g,\nabla)$ with $g$ a Riemaniann metric and $\nabla$ an affine connection, generally assumed to be torsionless. From $g$ and $\nabla$, the dual connection $\nabla^*$ can be defined and the triple $(M, \nabla,\nabla^*)$ is called a statistical manifold, a basic object in information geometry. In this work, we give conditions based on this notion for a manifold to admit an almost contact structure and some related structures: almost contact metric,contact, contact metric, cosymplectic, and coKähler in the three-dimensional…
In this paper, we present the invalidities of the results in [3], because of their definition of a semi-invariant submanifold of an almost complex contact metric manifold is not true .
We investigate new Clairaut conditions for anti-invariant submersions from normal almost contact metric manifolds onto Riemannian manifolds. We prove that there is no Clairaut anti-invariant submersion admitting vertical Reeb vector field when the total manifold is Sasakian. Several illustrative examples are also included.
Almost contact B-metric manifolds of dimension 3 are constructed by a two-parametric family of Lie groups. The class of these manifolds in a known classification of almost contact B-metric manifolds is determined as the direct sum of the main vertical classes. The type of the corresponding Lie algebras in the Bianchi classification is given. Some geometric characteristics and properties of the considered manifolds are obtained.
We consider several differential operators on compact almost-complex, almost-Hermitian and almost-Kähler manifolds. We discuss Hodge Theory for these operators and a possible cohomological interpretation. We compare the associated spaces of harmonic forms and cohomologies with the classical de Rham, Dolbeault, Bott-Chern and Aeppli cohomologies.
We find geometric conditions on a four-dimensional almost Hermitian manifold under which the almost complex structure is a harmonic map or a minimal isometric imbedding of the manifold into its twistor space.
In monograph of D. E. Blair "Riemannian geometry of contact and symplectic manifolds" and in the paper of S. Zamkovoy "Canonical connections on paracontact manifolds", the curvature identities respectively for contact and paracontact metric manifold are proved. We obtain the curvature identity in the wider class of manifolds, which generalizes results presented in above mentioned publications. Moreover, we present some properties of almost (para)hermitian structure on a special semiproduct of R+ and an almost (para)contact metric manifold. This semiproduct plays an auxiliary role in proving ma…
Ricci-like solitons with arbitrary potential are introduced and studied on Sasaki-like almost contact B-metric manifolds. It is proved that the Ricci tensor of such a soliton is the vertical component of both B-metrics multiplied by a constant. It is established that gradient almost Ricci-like solitons have constant soliton coefficients. Explicit examples of Lie groups as manifolds of dimensions 3 and 5 equipped with the structures studied are provided.
We introduce a class of half lightlike submanifolds of almost contact B-metric manifolds and prove that such submanifolds are semi-Riemannian with respect to the associated B-metric. Object of investigations are also minimal of the considered submanifolds and a non-trivial example for them is given.
In this paper the notion of quasi-isometry between two Riemannian manifolds has been introduced. This idea is also imposed to study quasi-isometry between two almost contact metric manifolds. Moving further, some curvature properties of two quasi-isometrically embedded almost contact metric manifolds, $N(k)-$contact metric manifolds and Sasakian manifolds are investigated. Next, an illustrative example of a quasi-isometry between two Sasakian structures is constructed. Finally, a relation between the scalar curvature and the quasi-isometric constants for two quasi-isometric Riemannian manifold…
The canonical-type connection on the almost contact manifolds with B-metric is constructed. It is proved that its torsion is invariant with respect to a subgroup of the general conformal transformations of the almost contact B-metric structure. The basic classes of the considered manifolds are characterized in terms of the torsion of the canonical-type connection.
It is provided an overview of existed results concerning classification of contact metric, almost cosymplectic and almost Kenmotsu $(κ,μ)$-manifolds. In the case of dimension three it is described in full details structure of contact metric or almost cosymplectic $(κ,μ)$-spaces. The second part of the paper addresses three-dimensional paracontact metric and almost paracosymplectic $(κ,μ)$-spaces. There is obtained local classification of paracontact metric $(κ,μ)$-spaces, and almost paracosymplectic $(κ,μ)$-spaces, for every possible value of $κ$.
In this paper we obtain the structure equation of a contact-complex Riemannian submersion and give some applications of this equation in the study of almost cosymplectic manifolds with Kaehler fibres.
We consider a pair of smooth manifolds, which are the counterparts in the even-dimensional and odd-dimensional cases. They are separately an almost complex manifold with Norden metric and an almost contact manifolds with B-metric, respectively. They can be combined as the so-called almost contact complex Riemannian manifold. This paper is a survey with additions of results on differential geometry of canonical-type connections (i.e. metric connections with torsion satisfying a certain algebraic identity) on the considered manifolds.
Contact variation of almost contact pseudo-metric structures
Institute of Mathematics, Jagiellonian University in Kraków（克拉科夫雅盖隆大学数学研究所）；Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Agriculture in Krakow（克拉科夫农业大学应用数学系）
For almost contact metric or almost paracontact metric manifolds there is natural notion of $η$-normality. Manifold is called $η$-normal if is normal along kernel distribution of characteristic form. In the paper it is proved that $η$-normal manifolds are in one-one correspondence with Cauchy-Riemann almost contact metric manifolds or para Cauchy-Riemann in case of almost paracontact metric manifolds. There is provided characterization of $η$-normal manifolds in terms of Levi-Civita covariant derivative of structure tensor. It is established existence a Tanaka-like connection on $η$-normal man…
There are considered 4-dimensional pseudo-Riemannian spaces with inner products of signature (3,1) and (2,2). The objects of investigation are space-like and time-like hyperspheres in the respective cases. These hypersurfaces are equipped with almost contact B-metric structures. The constructed manifolds are characterized geometrically.
The object of investigations are almost contact B-metric structures on 3-dimensional Lie groups considered as smooth manifolds. There are established the existence and some geometric characteristics of these manifolds in all basic classes. An example is given as a support of obtained results.
There are studied in details 5-dimensional pseudo-Riemannian manifolds equipped with the structure analogous to the almost cosymplectic (almost coKaehler) structure. The curvature by assumption commutes with the structure affinor and all these manifolds are Walker spaces. There are obtained classifications for manifolds for contact Ricci potential, locally flat manifolds and described all connected, simply connected Lie groups admiting left-invariant structure. There are some other more general results.
Certain curvature properties and scalar invariants of the manifolds belonging to one of the main classes almost contact manifolds with Norden metric are considered. An example illustrating the obtained results is given and studied.
