Angelo Felice Lopez, Catriona Maclean
We study the Noether-Lefschetz locus of a very ample line bundle L on an arbitrary smooth threefold Y. Building on results of Green, Voisin and Otwinowska, we give explicit bounds, depending only on the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity properties of L, on the codimension of the components of the Noether-Lefschetz locus of |L|.
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We prove a Noether--Lefschetz-type result for certain linear systems on a projective threefold with isolated singularities.
We study an analogue of the Noether-Lefschetz theorem in the context of Beilinson's Hodge conjecture. We estimate the dimension of the Noether-Lefschetz locus by the infinitesimal methods in Hodge theory.
The main subject of study in this paper is the Noether-Lefschetz locus for Beilinson-Hodge cycles on the complement of the union of hyperplane sections in a surface in $\Bbb P^3$. We give an analogue of the result by M.Green and C.Voisin on the maximal components in the Noether-Lefschetz locus.
Let Z be a general surface in P^3 of degree at least 5. Using a Lefschetz pencil argument, we give an elementary new proof of the vanishing of a regulator on K_1(Z).
We calculate the dimension of the locus of elliptic surfaces over P^1 with a section and a given Picard number, in the corresponding moduli space.
We extend results on generic strange duality for K3 surfaces by showing that the proposed isomorphism holds over an entire Noether-Lefschetz divisor in the moduli space of quasipolarized K3s. We interpret the statement globally as an isomorphism of sheaves over this divisor, and also describe the global construction over the space of polarized K3s.
We prove that there exist smooth surfaces of degree d in projective 3-space such that the group of rational equivalence classes of decomposable 0-cycles has rank at least the integer part of (d-1)/3.
The Gromov-Witten theory of threefolds admitting a smooth K3 fibration can be solved in terms of the Noether-Lefschetz intersection numbers of the fibration and the reduced invariants of a K3 surface. Toward a generalization of this result to families with singular fibers, we introduce completed Noether-Lefschetz numbers using toroidal compactifications of the period space of elliptic K3 surfaces. As an application, we prove quasi-modularity for some genus 0 partition functions of Weierstrass fibrations over ruled surfaces, and show that they satisfy a holomorphic anomaly equation.
We consider the Noether-Lefschetz problem for surfaces in Q-factorial normal 3-folds with rational singularities. We show the existence of components of the Noether-Lefschetz locus of maximal codimension, and that there are indeed infinitely many of them. Moreover, we show that their union is dense in the natural topology.
Noether-Lefschetz divisors in the moduli of K3 surfaces are the loci corresponding to Picard rank at least 2. We relate the degrees of the Noether-Lefschetz divisors in 1-parameter families of K3 surfaces to the Gromov-Witten theory of the 3-fold total space. The reduced K3 theory and the Yau-Zaslow formula play an important role. We use results of Borcherds and Kudla-Millson for O(2,19) lattices to determine the Noether-Lefschetz degrees in classical families of K3 surfaces of degrees 2, 4, 6 and 8. For the quartic K3 surfaces, the Noether-Lefschetz degrees are proven to be the Fourier coeffi…
We describe the Hodge theory of brilliant families of K3 surfaces. Their characteristic feature is a close link between the Hodge structures of any two fibres over points in the Noether-Lefschetz locus. Twistor deformations, the analytic Tate-Safarevic group, and one-dimensional Shimura special cycles are covered by the theory. In this setting, the Brauer group is viewed as the Noether-Lefschetz locus of the Brauer family or as the specialization of the Noether-Lefschetz loci in a family of approaching twistor spaces. Passing from one algebraic twistor fibre to another, which by construction i…
We compute the class groups of very general normal surfaces in complex projective three-space containing an arbitrary base locus $Z$, thereby extending the classic Noether-Lefschetz theorem (the case when $Z$ is empty). Our method is an adaptation of Griffiths and Harris' degeneration proof, simplified by a cohomology and base change argument. We give applications to computing Picard groups, which generalize several known results.
Finite generation of Noether-Lefschetz divisors and the slope of the moduli space of cubic fourfolds
本文研究了立方四重面模空间和K3表面的除子结构，通过引入斜率量和显式界限，揭示了有效锥的性质，并给出了K3模空间有理Picard群的生成方式。
For a fixed integer $d \ge 5$, the Noether-Lefschetz locus parametrizes smooth degree $d$ complex hypersurfaces in $\mathbb{P}^3$ with Picard number greater than $1$. There are infinitely many irreducible components of this locus. The aim of this article is to understand the scheme structure of these components. In particular, we study when is such a component non-reduced. We give a criterion for such a component to be non-reduced. Finally, we give examples of such components.
Let $Z$ be a closed subscheme of a smooth complex projective complete intersection variety $Y\subseteq \Ps^N$, with $dim Y=2r+1\geq 3$. We describe the Néron-Severi group $NS_r(X)$ of a general smooth hypersurface $X\subset Y$ of sufficiently large degree containing $Z$.
We continue our study of the Noether-Lefschetz loci in toric varieties and investigate deformation of pairs (V,X) where V is a complete intersection subvariety and X a quasi-smooth hypersurface in a odd dimensional simplicial projective toric variety, with V\subset X. Under some assumptions, we prove that the cohomological class in H^{k,k}(X) associated to V remains of type (k,k) under an infinitesimal deformation if and only if V remains algebraic. Actually we prove that locally the Noether-Lefschetz locus is an irreducible component of a suitable Hilbert scheme. This generalizes Theorem 4.2 …
We provide methods to construct explicit examples of $K3$ surfaces. This leads to unirational constructions of Noether--Lefschetz divisors inside the moduli space of $K3$ surfaces of genus $g$. We implement Mukai's unirationality construction of the moduli spaces of $K3$ surfaces of genus $g\in\{6,\dots, 10, 12\}$, and we also present a new constructive proof of the unirationality of the moduli space of $K3$ surfaces of genus $11$. Furthermore, we show the existence of three unirational hypersurfaces in any moduli space of $K3$ surfaces of genus $g$.
Let $Z$ be a closed subscheme of a smooth complex projective variety $Y\subseteq \Ps^N$, with $\dim\,Y=2r+1\geq 3$. We describe the intermediate Néron-Severi group (i.e. the image of the cycle map $A_r(X)\to H_{2r}(X;\mathbb{Z})$) of a general smooth hypersurface $X\subset Y$ of sufficiently large degree containing $Z$.
Noether-Lefschetz cycles on the moduli space of abelian varieties
研究阿贝尔簇模空间中非单阿贝尔簇形成的区域的诺特-利夫谢茨循环性质，证明其在特定情况下非tautological，并探讨其与格罗莫夫-王理论的联系。
The Noether-Lefschetz theorem asserts that any curve in a very general surface $X$ in $\mathbb P^3$ of degree $d \geq 4$ is a restriction of a surface in the ambient space, that is, the Picard number of $X$ is $1$. We proved previously that under some conditions, which replace the condition $d \geq 4$, a very general surface in a simplicial toric threefold $\mathbb P_Σ$ (with orbifold singularities) has the same Picard number as $\mathbb P_Σ$. Here we define the Noether-Lefschetz loci of quasi-smooth surfaces in $\mathbb P_Σ$ in a linear system of a Cartier ample divisor with respect to a (-1)…
We use Noether-Lefschetz theory to study the reduced Gromov--Witten invariants of a holomorphic-symplectic variety of $K3^{[n]}$-type. This yields strong evidence for a new conjectural formula that expresses Gromov-Witten invariants of this geometry for arbitrary classes in terms of primitive classes. The formula generalizes an earlier conjecture by Pandharipande and the author for K3 surfaces. Using Gromov-Witten techniques we also determine the generating series of Noether-Lefschetz numbers of a general pencil of Debarre-Voisin varieties. This reproves and extends a result of Debarre, Han, O…
We show that the set of real polynomials in two variables that are sums of three squares of rational functions is dense in the set of those that are positive semidefinite. We also prove that the set of real surfaces in P^3 whose function field has level 2 is dense in the set of those that have no real points.
Density of Noether-Lefschetz loci for surfaces in Fano and Calabi-Yau threefolds
该研究利用 Hodge 轨迹的一般定理，考察 Fano 与 Calabi–Yau 三维簇中充分丰富线性系统曲面族的 Noether–Lefschetz 轨迹，并比较一般分支与例外分支并集的不同密度行为。
We calculate the Picard group of generic (very general) spectral varieties living in the total space of a very ample line bundle over an algebraically closed field $k$ of odd characteristics or characteristic 0. We follow the strategy of Ravindra and Srinivas [RS06,RS09] via formal Picard groups. As an application, we calculate the generic fibers of Hitchin systems over a smooth quintic surface of Picard number 1.
In this note we derive from deep results due to Clozel-Ullmo the density of Noether-Lefschetz loci inside the moduli space of marked (polarized) irreducible holomorphic symplectic (IHS) varieties. In particular we obtain the density of Hilbert schemes of points on projective $K3$ surfaces and of projective generalized Kummer varieties in their moduli spaces. We present applications to the existence of rational curves on projective deformations of such varieties, to the study of relevant cones of divisors, and a refinement of Hassett's result on cubic fourfolds whose Fano variety of lines is is…
In this note we use the monodromy argument to prove a Noether-Lefschetz theorem for vector bundles.
Non-density of the exceptional components of the Noether-Lefschetz locus
本文证明 $\mathbb{P}^3$ 中高次光滑曲面 Noether-Lefschetz 轨迹的例外分支非 Zariski 稠密，并推广到适当三维簇，回答了 Voisin 的问题。
Consider a smooth projective 3-fold $X$ satisfying the Bogomolov-Gieseker conjecture of Bayer-Macrì-Toda (such as $\mathbb P^3$, the quintic threefold or an abelian threefold). Let $L$ be a line bundle supported on a very positive surface in $X$. If $c_1(L)$ is a primitive cohomology class then we show it has very negative square.
For a fixed integer $d$, we study here the locus of degree $d$ hypersurfaces $X$ in $\mathbb{P}^{2n+1}$ such that $H^{2n}(X,\mathbb{Q}) \cap H^{n,n}(X,\mathbb{C}) \not= \mathbb{Q}$. We call this locus \textit{the Noether-Lefschetz locus}. Any irreducible component of this locus is locally a Hodge locus. So, we see that the study of this locus is very closely related to the variational Hodge conjecture. In this article we show that the Hodge locus corresponding to the cohomology class of a complete intersection subscheme in $\mathbb{P}^{2n+1}$ of codimension $n+1$ and degree less than $d$ satis…
For an algebraic K3 surface with complex multiplication (CM), algebraic fibres of the associated twistor space away from the equator are again of CM type. In this paper, we show that algebraic fibres corresponding to points at the same altitude of the twistor base $S^2\simeq \mathbb{P}^1_\mathbb{C}$ share the same CM endomorphism field. Moreover, we determine all the admissible Picard numbers of the twistor fibres.
The Noether-Lefschetz locus of surfaces in $\mathbb{P}^3$ formed by determinantal surfaces
本研究计算了三维射影空间$\u2119^3$中光滑行列式曲面族若干分支的维数，证明其为Noether-Lefschetz轨迹对应分支的闭包，还给出4次行列式曲面除子的5个不可约分支的具体次数。
1) We give a 3-dimensional analogue of M. Noether's inequality for canonically polarized threefolds: $K^3\ge 2(2p_g-5)/3$. This inequality is sharp by known examples of M. Kobayashi. 2) Given a minimal 3-fold $X$ of general type with canonical singularities, if $K^3< (3p_g-5)/2$, we show that $X$ must be birationally fibred by curves of genus 2.
On the algebraicity of non-abelian Noether-Lefschetz loci of rank-two real local systems
本文在曲线模空间上研究非阿贝尔Noether-Lefschetz轨迹的代数性，证明其等价于表示像的离散性，并通过狭缝手术构造两个显式有理族，其中离散单值族回答了Baldi-Lam的问题。
In this manuscript we sharpen the lower bound on the codimension of the irreducible components of the Noether-Lefschetz locus of surfaces in projective toric threefolds given in [BG17]. We also provide a simpler proof of Theorem 4.11 in [BG17], which allows one to avoid some technical assumptions.
In this paper, we study maps between moduli spaces of lattice-polarized K3 surfaces induced by sublattices of prime index. We show that these maps can be used to determine if a rational point of the moduli space belongs to the Noether-Lefschetz locus. As an application, we prove that the Bombieri-Lang conjecture implies non-density statements for the rational points in the Noether-Lefschetz locus, as predicted by a conjecture of Shafarevich.
Let X be a very general complete intersection in complex projective space and we denote by $F_r(X)$ the variety of r-planes in X, for $r\geq 1$. We show that the Picard number of $F_r(X)$ is 1, as soon as $\dim F_r(X)\geq 2$, except when X is a quadric of dimension 2r or 2r+2, or X is a complete intersection of two quadrics of dimension 2r+2. We also apply this result to determine the cohomology class of the variety of planes of a cubic fivefold contained (by the Abel-Jacobi map) in the intermediate Jacobian.
We enumerate smooth rational curves on very general Weierstrass fibrations over hypersurfaces in projective space. The generating functions for these numbers lie in the ring of classical modular forms. The method of proof uses topological intersection products on a period stack and the cohomological theta correspondence of Kudla and Millson for special cycles on a locally symmetric space of orthogonal type. The results here apply only in base degree 1, but heuristics for higher base degree match predictions from the topological string partition function.
Stability conditions on Calabi-Yau threefolds via Brill-Noether theory of curves
通过Brill-Noether理论研究Calabi-Yau三重曲面的稳定性条件，证明了相关不等式并确保稳定性条件的存在。
Cones of Noether-Lefschetz divisors and moduli spaces of hyperkähler manifolds
研究了诺特-勒夫施茨特定理除子锥体的生成和极射线，揭示了超kähler流形模空间的uniruled性及极化正性特性。
On canonical threefolds near the Noether line
本文是关于典范体积接近下界4/3p_g - 10/3的典范三维簇的研讨会扩展摘要，为与S. Coughlan等学者合作的研究项目。
Let $C\subset \mathbb P^r$ be an integral projective curve. We define the speciality index $e(C)$ of $C$ as the maximal integer $t$ such that $h^0(C,ω_C(-t))>0$, where $ω_C$ denotes the dualizing sheaf of $C$. In the present paper we consider $C\subset \mathbb P^5$ an integral degree $d$ curve and we denote by $s$ the minimal degree for which there exists a hypersurface of degree $s$ containing $C$. We assume that $C$ is contained in two smooth hypersurfaces $F$ and $G$, with $deg(F)=n>k=deg (G)$. We assume additionally that $F$ is Noether-Lefschetz general, i.e. that the $2$-th Néron-Severi g…
Mukai bundles and Brill-Noether generality for prime Fano threefolds in positive characteristic
针对正特征下亏格≥8的素法诺三维簇，证明其存在对应亏格非平凡分解的唯一向井丛，核心方法是证明其光滑超平面截面为布里尔-诺特一般，丰富了代数几何中相关簇的结构理论。
We prove the Noether-Lefschetz conjecture on the moduli space of quasi-polarized K3 surfaces. This is deduced as a particular case of a general theorem that states that low degree cohomology classes of arithmetic manifolds of orthogonal type are dual to the classes of special cycles, i.e. sub-arithmetic manifolds of the same type. For compact manifolds this was proved in \cite{BMM11}, here we extend the results of \cite{BMM11} to non-compact manifolds. This allows us to apply our results to the moduli spaces of quasi-polarized K3 surfaces.
In this short note, we give a refinement of our previous work (arXiv:1803.05553) stating that for a projective $3$-fold $X$ of general type with either $p_g(X)\leq 4$ or $p_g(X)\geq 11$, $$\text{vol}(X)\geq \frac{4}{3}p_g(X)-{\frac{10}{3}}.$$
Noether-Lefschetz general complete intersection K3 surfaces over the rationals
本文通过创新方法和Mukai的Hodge同源性，证明了次数至多为8的Noether-Lefschetz一般极化K3曲面在有理数上的locus在模空间中是Zariski稠密的。
In [1309.1899], Ranestad and Voisin showed, quite surprisingly, that the divisor in the moduli space of cubic fourfolds consisting of cubics "apolar to a Veronese surface" is not a Noether-Lefschetz divisor. We give an independent proof of this by exhibiting an explicit cubic fourfold X in the divisor and using point counting methods over finite fields to show X is Noether-Lefschetz general. We also show that two other divisors considered in [ibid.] are not Noether-Lefschetz divisors.
An asymptotic description of the Noether-Lefschetz components in toric varieties
本文将 Noether-Lefschetz 分量理论推广到单纯环面簇中的拟光滑超曲面，证明小余维数分量渐近对应于可关联小 k 维子簇的超曲面，并推广了 Green 定理与 artinian Gorenstein 理想概念。
The Noether--Lefschetz theorem in arbitrary characteristic
本文证明了任意特征下关于正规簇与非常一般超曲面交的限制映射在相差挠元时为同构的 Noether--Lefschetz 定理，核心方法是利用曲线纤维化的相对 Jacobian 与特殊化论证。
Gromov-Witten theory of $\mathsf{Hilb}^n(\mathbb{C}^2)$ and Noether-Lefschetz theory of $\mathcal{A}_g$
本文研究平面点Hilbert概形的亏格1 GW理论，借助与模空间上族局部曲线GW理论的对应计算基本一点不变量，发现其与主极化Abel簇模空间的NL理论平行结果一致，证明闭链类同态性质，并在非退化猜想下确定完整理论。
Brill-Noether reconstruction of index one prime Fano threefolds
本文通过统一论证表明，每个亏格g≥6的指数一素Fano三维簇X可以作为Kuznetsov分量Ku(X)中Bridgeland模空间稳定对象的Brill-Noether轨迹重构，并验证了Mukai对偶嵌入猜想，建立了精细的分类Torelli定理，分类了Ku(X)的自等价，并给出了Kuznetsov Fano三维簇猜想的另一种否证。
Given a smooth prime Fano threefold $X$ of genus 7 we consider its homologically projectively dual curve $Γ$ and the natural integral functor $Φ^{!}:D^b(X) \to D^b(Γ)$. We prove that, for $d\geq 6$, $Φ^{!}$ gives a birational map from a component of the moduli scheme $M_X(2,1,d)$ of rank 2 stable sheaves on $X$ with $c_1=1$, $c_2=d$ to a generically smooth $2d-9$-dimensional component of the Brill-Noether variety $W^{2d-11}_{d-5,5d-24}$ of stable vector bundles on $Γ$ of rank $d-5$ and degree $5d-24$ with at least $2d-10$ sections. This map turns out to be an isomorphism for $d=6$, and the mod…
Moduli spaces of threefolds on the Noether line
本文研究了位于Noether线上典范三维流的模空间，通过显式分层与计算维度，实现了该类三维流的完整分类，并发现其不可约分支数量随几何亏格线性增长的新现象。
Noether inequality for irregular threefolds of general type
本文研究一般型光滑不规则三维簇的最优 Noether 不等式，证明在几何亏格至少为16或存在 Gorenstein 极小模型时体积下界成立，并刻画等号情形的典范模型。
We prove the optimal Noether-Severi inequality that $\mathrm{vol}(X) \ge \frac{4}{3} χ(ω_{X})$ for all smooth and irregular $3$-folds $X$ of general type over $\mathbb{C}$. For those $3$-folds $X$ attaining the equality, we completely describe their canonical models and show that the topological fundamental group $π_1(X) \simeq \mathbb{Z}^2$. As a corollary, we obtain for the same $X$ another optimal inequality that $\mathrm{vol}(X) \ge \frac{4}{3}h^0_a(X, K_X)$ where $h^0_a(X, K_X)$ stands for the continuous rank of $K_X$, and we show that $X$ attains this equality if and only if $\mathrm{vol…
We take a sum $C_1+r C_2,\ r\in\mathbb Q$ of a line $C_1$ and a complete intersection curve $C_2$ of type $(3,3)$ inside a smooth surface of degree $8$ and with $C_1\cap C_2=\emptyset$. We gather evidences to the fact that for all except a finite number of $r$, the Noether-Lefschetz loci attached to the cohomology classes of $C_1+ r C_2$ are distinct $31$ codimensional subvarieties intersecting each other in a $32$ codimensional subvariety of the ambient space. The maximum codimension for components of the Noether-Lefschetz locus in this case is $35$, and hence, we provide a conjectural descri…
We establish the Noether inequality for projective $3$-folds. More precisely, we prove that the inequality $${\rm vol}(X)\geq \tfrac{4}{3}p_g(X)-{\tfrac{10}{3}}$$ holds for all projective $3$-folds $X$ of general type with either $p_g(X)\leq 4$ or $p_g(X)\geq 21$, where $p_g(X)$ is the geometric genus and ${\rm vol}(X)$ is the canonical volume. This inequality is optimal due to known examples found by M. Kobayashi in 1992.
Higher order isomonodromic deformation of Higgs bundles and a characterization of the non-abelian Noether-Lefschetz locus
本文通过研究 Higgs 束的等单值变形的高阶类，证明了非阿贝尔 Noether-Lefschetz 轨迹恰好是使该变形成为全纯的最大复解析子簇。
The Yau-Zaslow conjecture determines the reduced genus 0 Gromov-Witten invariants of K3 surfaces in terms of the Dedekind eta function. Classical intersections of curves in the moduli of K3 surfaces with Noether-Lefschetz divisors are related to 3-fold Gromov-Witten theory via the K3 invariants. Results by Borcherds and Kudla-Millson determine the classical intersections in terms of vector-valued modular forms. Proven mirror transformations can often be used to calculate the 3-fold invariants which arise. Via a detailed study of the STU model (determining special curves in the moduli of K3 sur…
Codimension bounds for the Noether-Lefschetz components for toric varieties
本文研究了射影单纯环面簇中拟平滑超曲面的 Noether-Lefschetz locus，证明了在特定维数与除子类条件下，其不可约分量的余维数满足明确的上下界。
A General Noether-Lefschetz Theorem and applications
本文将经典 Noether-Lefschetz 定理推广到任意光滑射影三维流形，证明一般奇异成员不在 Noether-Lefschetz 轨迹中，并应用于证明余维二 Chow 群的自然映射是单射，从而给出 Nori 猜想的一个较弱版本。
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