The $p$-adic CM-method for genus 2

p-Adic sigma functions and heights on Jacobians of genus 2 curves

Let $C$ be a genus $2$ hyperelliptic curve over a number field $K$, with a Weierstrass point $\infty$ at infinity, let $J$ be its Jacobian, let $Θ$ be the theta divisor with respect to $\infty$, and let $p$ be any prime number. We give an explicit construction of a $p$-adic height $h_p\colon J(\overline{\mathbb{Q}})\to \mathbb{Q}_p$ by means of $p$-adic analogues of Néron functions of divisor $2Θ$. We define such Néron functions using division polynomials and a generalisation of Blakestad's $p$-adic sigma function on the formal group of $J$. We prove that our $p$-adic Néron function $λ_v$ at a…

Root numbers of 5-adic curves of genus two having maximal ramification

The formulas for local root numbers of abelian varieties of dimension one are known. In this paper we treat the simplest unknown case in dimension two by considering a curve of genus 2 defined over a $5$-adic field such that the inertia acts on the first $\ell$-adic cohomology group through the largest possible finite quotient, isomorphic to $C_5\rtimes C_8$. We give a few criteria to identify such curves and prove a formula for their local root numbers in terms of invariants associated to a Weierstrass equation.

Computing isogenies between jacobians of hyperelliptic curves of arbitrary genus via differential equations

Let $p$ be an odd prime number and be an integer coprime to $p$. We survey an algorithm for computing explicit rational representations of $(\ell,...,\ell)$-isogenies between Jacobians of hyperelliptic curves of arbitrary genus over an extension $K$ of the field of $p$-adic numbers $\mathbb{Q}\_p$. The algorithm has a quasi-linear complexity in $\ell$ as well as in the genus of the curves.

二 genus 曲线的 Jacobians 上的一个朴素 p-进高度

A naive p-adic height on the Jacobians of curves of genus 2

研究二 genus 曲线的 Jacobians 上的朴素 p-进高度构造，基于 affine 方程 y² = f(x) 和 p 进数理论，展示其二次性质并与 Bianchi 构造的 p-进高度相等。

Computing rational points on rank 0 genus 3 hyperelliptic curves

We compute rational points on genus $3$ odd degree hyperelliptic curves $C$ over $\mathbb{Q}$ that have Jacobians of Mordell-Weil rank $0$. The computation applies the Chabauty-Coleman method to find the zero set of a certain system of $p$-adic integrals, which is known to be finite and include the set of rational points $C(\mathbb{Q})$. We implemented an algorithm in Sage to carry out the Chabauty-Coleman method on a database of $5870$ curves.

Quadratic Chabauty: p-adic height pairings and integral points on hyperelliptic curves

We give a formula for the component at p of the p-adic height pairing of a divisor of degree 0 on a hyperelliptic curve. We use this to give a Chabauty-like method for finding p-adic approximations to p-integral points on such curves when the Mordell-Weil rank of the Jacobian equals the genus. In this case we get an explicit bound for the number of such p-integral points, and we are able to use the method in explicit computation. An important aspect of the method is that it only requires a basis of the Mordell-Weil group tensored with the rationals.

The unipotent Albanese map and Selmer varieties for curves

We discuss $p$-adic unipotent Albanese maps for curves of positive genus, extending the theory of $p$-adic multiple polylogarithms. This construction is then used to relate linear Diophantine conjectures of `Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer type' to non-linear theorems of Faltings-Siegel type.

关于有理数域上椭圆曲线的7进制伽罗瓦表示

On 7-adic Galois representations for elliptic curves over $\mathbb{Q}$

本文研究7进制伽罗瓦表示的分类，证明模曲线X_{ns}^+(49)无非CM有理点，并将其归结为求解一般费马方程和确定单个平面四次曲线的有理点。

On Zeta Functions and Families of Siegel Modular Forms

Let $p$ be a prime, and let $Γ=\Sp_g(\Z)$ be the Siegel modular group of genus $g$. We study $p$-adic families of zeta functions and Siegel modular forms. $L$-functions of Siegel modular forms are described in terms of motivic $L$-functions attached to $\Sp_g$, and their analytic properties are given. Critical values for the spinor $L$-functions and $p$-adic constructions are discussed. Rankin's lemma of higher genus is established. A general conjecture on a lifting from $ GSp_{2m} \times GSp_{2m}$ to $GSp_{4m}$ (of genus $g=4m$) is formulated. Constructions of $p$-adic families of Siegel modu…

Higher dimensional 3-adic CM construction

We find equations for the higher dimensional analogue of the modular curve X_0(3) using Mumford's algebraic formalism of algebraic theta functions. As a consequence, we derive a method for the construction of genus 2 hyperelliptic curves over small degree number fields whose Jacobian has complex multiplication and good ordinary reduction at the prime 3. We prove the existence of a quasi-quadratic time algorithm for computing a canonical lift in characteristic 3 based on these equations, with a detailed description of our method in genus 1 and 2.

On the p-adic geometry of traces of singular moduli

The aim of this article is to show that p-adic geometry of modular curves is useful in the study of p-adic properties of traces of singular moduli. In order to do so, we partly answer a question by Ono. As our goal is just to illustrate how p-adic geometry can be used in this context, we focus on a relatively simple case, in the hope that others will try to obtain the strongest and most general results. For example, for p=2, a result stronger than Thm.1 is proved in [Boylan], and a result on some modular curves of genus zero can be found in [Osburn] . It should be easy to apply our method, bec…

任意约化类型超椭圆曲线上 $p$-进高度的算法

Algorithms for $p$-adic Heights on Hyperelliptic Curves of Arbitrary Reduction

本文提出计算任意约化类型超椭圆曲线上 Coleman--Gross $p$-进高度的算法，涵盖局部高度计算、Blakestad 分裂算法及数值实例，包括首个坏约化曲线的二次 Chabauty 示例。

Fast computation of hyperelliptic curve isogenies in odd characteristic

Let p be an odd prime number and g $\ge$ 2 be an integer. We present an algorithm for computing explicit rational representations of isogenies between Jacobians of hyperelliptic curves of genus g over an extension K of the field of p-adic numbers Qp. It relies on an efficient resolution, with a logarithmic loss of p-adic precision, of a first order system of differential equations.

p-adic 伪测度的亏格理论——Tame 核与阿贝尔 p-分歧

Genus theory of p-adic pseudo-measures -- Tame kernels and abelian p-ramification

本文利用 p-adic 伪测度的亏格理论，比较实阿贝尔域中 tame 核与阿贝尔 p-分歧挠群，证明 Deng--Li 猜想并给出 p-秩下界。

Bessel periods and anticyclotomic $p$-adic spinor $L$-functions

We construct the anticyclotomic $p$-adic $L$-function that interpolates a square root of central values of twisted spinor $L$-functions of a quadratic base change of a Siegel cusp form of genus $2$ with respect to a paramodular group of square-free level, assuming the Böcherer conjecture for the central $L$-values with anticyclotomic twists.

Arithmetic of $p$-adic curves and sections of geometrically abelian fundamental groups

Let $X$ be a proper, smooth, and geometrically connected curve of genus $g(X)\ge 1$ over a $p$-adic local field. We prove that there exists an effectively computable open affine subscheme $U\subset X$ with the property that $period (X)=1$, and $index (X)$ equals $1$ or $2$ (resp. $period(X)=index (X)=1$, assuming $period (X)=index (X)$), if (resp. if and only if) the exact sequence of the geometrically abelian fundamental group of $U$ splits. We compute the torsor of splittings of the exact sequence of the geometrically abelian absolute Galois group associated to $X$, and give a new characteri…

Integrality of instanton numbers and p-adic B-model

We study integrality of instanton numbers (genus zero Gopakumar - Vafa invariants) for quintic and other Calabi-Yau manifolds. We start with the analysis of the case when the moduli space of complex structures is one-dimensional; later we show that our methods can be used to prove integrality in general case. We give an expression of instanton numbers in terms of Frobenius map on $p$-adic cohomology ; the proof of integrality is based on this expression.

几何二次 Chabauty

Geometric quadratic Chabauty

本文仅用 jacobian 线丛与整数模型等简单代数几何语言，重新几何化阐述二次 Chabauty 方法。

Computing torsion subgroups of Jacobians of hyperelliptic curves of genus 3

We introduce an algorithm to compute the rational torsion subgroup of the Jacobian of a hyperelliptic curve of genus 3 over the rationals. We apply a Magma implementation of our algorithm to a database of curves with low discriminant due to Sutherland as well as a list of curves with small coefficients. In the process, we find several torsion structures not previously described in the literature. The algorithm is a generalisation of an algorithm for genus 2 due to Stoll, which we extend to abelian varieties satisfying certain conditions. The idea is to compute p-adic torsion lifts of points ov…

$\ell$-adic局部系统在$\mathcal{A}_n$上的欧拉特征

The Euler characteristic of $\ell$-adic local systems on $\mathcal{A}_n$

研究$\ell$-adic局部系统在$\mathcal{A}_n$上的欧拉特征，证明了与自守表示相关的$\mathrm{GSpin}$-valued伽罗瓦表示的存在性，并给出了紧支撑欧拉特征的显式公式。

3- torsion 和 genus 2 曲线的 conductor

3-torsion and conductor of genus 2 curves

本文提出了一种计算 genus 2 曲线 conductor 的算法，基于 Jacobian 的 3-torsion 分析。

Explicit Coleman integration for curves

The Coleman integral is a $p$-adic line integral that plays a key role in computing several important invariants in arithmetic geometry. We give an algorithm for explicit Coleman integration on curves, using the algorithms of the second author to compute the action of Frobenius on $p$-adic cohomology. We present a collection of examples computed with our implementation. This includes integrals on a genus 55 curve, where other methods do not currently seem practical.

The rationality of quaternionic Darmon points over genus fields of real quadratic fields

Darmon points on p-adic tori and Jacobians of Shimura curves over Q were introduced in previous joint works with Rotger as generalizations of Darmon's Stark-Heegner points. In this article we study the algebraicity over extensions of a real quadratic field K of the projections of Darmon points to elliptic curves. More precisely, we prove that linear combinations of Darmon points on elliptic curves weighted by certain genus characters of K are rational over the predicted genus fields of K. This extends to an arbitrary quaternionic setting the main theorem on the rationality of Stark-Heegner poi…

Point counting on curves using a gonality preserving lift

We study the problem of lifting curves from finite fields to number fields in a genus and gonality preserving way. More precisely, we sketch how this can be done efficiently for curves of gonality at most four, with an in-depth treatment of curves of genus at most five over finite fields of odd characteristic, including an implementation in Magma. We then use such a lift as input to an algorithm due to the second author for computing zeta functions of curves over finite fields using $p$-adic cohomology.

A geometric linear Chabauty comparison theorem

The Chabauty-Coleman method is a $p$-adic method for finding all rational points on curves of genus $g$ whose Jacobians have Mordell-Weil rank $r < g$. Recently, Edixhoven and Lido developed a geometric quadratic Chabauty method that was adapted by Spelier to cover the case of geometric linear Chabauty. We compare the geometric linear Chabauty method and the Chabauty-Coleman method and show that geometric linear Chabauty can outperform Chabauty-Coleman in certain cases. However, as Chabauty-Coleman remains more practical for general computations, we discuss how to strengthen Chabauty-Coleman t…

用于 ${\rm GSp}(4)\ imes{\ m GL}(2)$ 的 $p$-进 $L$-函数

$p$-adic $L$-functions for ${\rm GSp}(4)\times{\rm GL}(2)$

本文针对由两类 $p$-常点模形式生成的尖点自守表示，构造了插值 ${\rm GSp}(4)\ imes{\ m GL}(2)$ 八次 $L$-函数临界值的 $p$-进 $L$-函数。

Elliptic curves with 3-adic Galois representation surjective mod 3 but not mod 9

Let E be an elliptic curve over Q, and rho_l: Gal(Q) --> GL_2(Z_l) its l-adic Galois representation. Serre observed that for l>3 there is no proper closed subgroup of SL_2(Z_l) that maps surjectively onto SL_2(Z/lZ), and concluded that if rho_l is surjective mod l then it is surjective onto GL_2(Z_l). We show that this no longer holds for l=3 by describing a modular curve X of genus 0 parametrizing elliptic curves for which rho_3 is not surjective mod 9 but generically surjective mod 3. The curve X is defined over Q, and the modular cover X --> X(1) has degree 27 so X is rational. We exhibit a…

Computing L-series of hyperelliptic curves

We discuss the computation of coefficients of the L-series associated to a hyperelliptic curve over Q of genus at most 3, using point counting, generic group algorithms, and p-adic methods.

Monodromy of the p-rank strata of the moduli space of curves

We compute the Z/\ell and \ell-adic monodromy of every irreducible component of the moduli space M_g^f of curves of genus and and p-rank f. In particular, we prove that the Z/\ell-monodromy of every component of M_g^f is the symplectic group Sp_{2g}(Z/\ell) if g>=3 and \ell is a prime distinct from p. We give applications to the generic behavior of automorphism groups, Jacobians, class groups, and zeta functions of curves of given genus and p-rank.

Siegel modular forms of genus 2 attached to elliptic curves

The object of this article is to construct certain classes of arithmetically significant, holomorphic Siegel cusp forms F of genus 2, which are neither of Saito-Kurokawa type, in which case the degree 4 spinor L-function L(s, F) is divisible by an abelian L-function, nor of Yoshida type, in which case L(s,F) is a product of L-series of a pair of elliptic cusp forms. Two key examples are the forms F defined by the symmetric cube of a non-CM elliptic curve E over the rationals, and those defined by anticyclotomic twists (of even non-zero weight) of the base change of such an E to an imaginary qu…

一阶p-进弦理论与Néron局部高度函数

One-loop $p$-adic string theory and the Néron local height function

研究p-进弦世界片动作在PGL(2,Q_p)布鲁hat-蒂茨树商下的双描述，揭示其与Tate曲线Néron-Tate局部高度函数的关系。

有限域上高亏格曲线的多重 zeta 值的非零性

Non-vanishing of multiple zeta values for higher genus curves over finite fields

本文在间隙序列假设下证明有限域上高亏格曲线函数域的 ∞-进多重 zeta 值非零，并通过推广 Sheats–Thakur 方法计算相关幂和绝对值来完成证明。

Uniform bounds for the number of rational points on hyperelliptic curves of small Mordell-Weil rank

We show that there is a bound depending only on g and [K:Q] for the number of K-rational points on a hyperelliptic curve C of genus g over a number field K such that the Mordell-Weil rank r of its Jacobian is at most g-3. If K = Q, an explicit bound is 8 r g + 33 (g - 1) + 1. The proof is based on Chabauty's method; the new ingredient is an estimate for the number of zeros of a logarithm in a p-adic `annulus' on the curve, which generalizes the standard bound on disks. The key observation is that for a p-adic field k, the set of k-points on C can be covered by a collection of disks and annuli …

阿基米德方法在Shimura曲线上的奇异模数研究

An archimedean approach to singular moduli on Shimura curves

本文通过评估Shimura曲线上的Green函数在CM点上的值，提供了Gross-Zagier工作在Shimura曲线上的新证明，强调了与p-进方法的异同。

Counting Points on Hyperelliptic Curves using Monsky-Washnitzer Cohomology

We describe an algorithm for counting points on an arbitrary hyperelliptic curve over a finite field of odd characteristic, using Monsky-Washnitzer cohomology to compute a p-adic approximation to the characteristic polynomial of Frobenius. For fixed p, the asymptotic running time for a curve of genus g over the field of p^n elements is O(g^{4+ε} n^{3+ε}).

Newton Polygons of Sums on Curves II: Variation in $p$-adic Families

In this article we study the behavior of Newton polygons along $\mathbb{Z}_p$-towers of curves. Fix an ordinary curve $X$ over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_q$ of characteristic $p$. By a $\mathbb{Z}_p$-tower $X_\infty/X$ we mean a tower of covers $ \dots \to X_2 \to X_1 \to X$ with $\mathrm{Gal}(X_n/X) \cong \mathbb{Z}/p^n\mathbb{Z}$. We show that if the ramification along the tower is sufficiently moderate, then the slopes of the Newton polygon of $X_n$ are equidistributed in the interval $[0,1]$ as $n$ tends to $\infty$. Under a stronger congruence assumption on the ramification invariants, we…

曲线的 $P$-进 Simpson 对应中的提升独立性问题

Lift-independence problem in the $p$-adic Simpson correspondence for curves

研究曲线情形下 $p$-进 Simpson 对应中 Higgs 丛与 $v$-丛的等价性是否依赖于提升的选择，证明了小秩半稳定提升独立 Higgs 丛的 Higgs 场为零，并构造了非零 Higgs 场的半稳定提升独立 Higgs 丛。

近高阶Coleman理论与$\mathrm{GSp}(4) \times \mathrm{GL}(2)$和$\mathrm{GSp}(4) \times \mathrm{GL}(2) \times \mathrm{GL}(2)$的$p$-adic $L$-函数

Nearly higher Coleman theory and p-adic L-functions for $\mathrm{GSp}(4) \times \mathrm{GL}(2)$ and $\mathrm{GSp}(4) \times \mathrm{GL}(2) \times \mathrm{GL}(2)$

本文构造了Siegel模形式与模形式扭曲的$p$-adic $L$-函数，利用近过收敛模形式空间和Gan-Gross-Prasad周期，在Coleman族中实现插值。

Memory efficient hyperelliptic curve point counting

In recent algorithms that use deformation in order to compute the number of points on varieties over a finite field, certain differential equations of matrices over p-adic fields emerge. We present a novel strategy to solve this kind of equations in a memory efficient way. The main application is an algorithm requiring quasi-cubic time and only quadratic memory in the parameter n, that solves the following problem: for E a hyperelliptic curve of genus g over a finite field of extension degree n and small characteristic, compute its zeta function. This improves substantially upon Kedlaya's resu…

Computing integral points on hyperelliptic curves using quadratic Chabauty

We give a method for the computation of integral points on a hyperelliptic curve of odd degree over the rationals whose genus equals the Mordell-Weil rank of its Jacobian. Our approach consists of a combination of the $p$-adic approximation techniques introduced in previous work with the Mordell-Weil sieve

Number of irreducible mod l rank 2 sheaves on curves over finite fields

Let X be a smooth projective curve of genus g over a finite field F_q of characteristic p. Consider primes l different from p. We formulate some questions related to a well known counting formula of Drinfeld. Drinfeld counts rank 2, irreducible l-adic sheaves on the base change X_n of X to F_{q^n} as n varies. We would like to count rank 2, irreducible mod l sheaves on X_n as n varies. Drinfeld's l-adic count gives an upper bound for the mod l count. We conjecture that Drinfeld's count is the correct asymptotic for the count of rank 2, irreducible mod l sheaves on X_n as n varies with (n,\ell)…

通过 Kummer 下降研究有理数域上椭圆曲线的 $7$-adic Galois 表示

$7$-adic Galois representations of elliptic curves over the rationals via Kummer descent

本文通过 Kummer 下降证明了两个亏格 9 的模曲线无非 CM 有理点，从而完成了非 CM 椭圆曲线 $7$-adic Galois 像的分类，其关键依赖于指数为 7 的费马大定理。

曲面丛与截面猜想

Surface bundles and the section conjecture

本文提出格罗滕迪克截面猜想的热带类比，构造两个伽罗瓦上同调类 o_1 和 o_2 作为截面与有理点的阻碍，并借助拓扑退化技巧在 p 进域和数域上给出大量满足截面猜想的曲线实例。

通过弱全纯模形式的模曲线Atkin-Lehner商的二次Chabauty方法：Hodge滤过

Quadratic Chabauty for Atkin-Lehner quotients of modular curves via weakly holomorphic modular forms: Hodge Filtrations

本研究针对素级亏格≥2的Atkin-Lehner商模曲线，提出用弱全纯模形式计算二次Chabauty方法中关键的Hodge滤过的算法，提升了计算效率，并在$X_0^+(193)$上发现了权2尖点形式积分的同余关系。

有理数域上椭圆曲线的伽罗瓦ℓ进像

$\ell$-adic images of Galois for elliptic curves over $\mathbb{Q}$

本研究针对ℚ上椭圆曲线的伽罗瓦ℓ进像分类问题，完成了ℓ=3,5,7,11对应模曲线的有理点分类，发现22个例外像并给出高效算法，还推广了相关数论定理。

Kummer congruences arising from the mirror symmetry of an elliptic curve

In the genus 1 case, mirror symmetry reduces to the statement that a certain family of generating functions, relating to an elliptic curve, are quasimodular. In their proof of this fact, Kaneko and Zagier used a related family of generating functions $A_n(τ)$, which they show to be quasimodular. We show that these $A_n$'s also satisfy Kummer-type congruences. Additionally, we show that for a prime $p$, the $p$th power coefficients of $A_n$ $p$-adically converge to zero, for specific values of $n$.

Moduli of Hyperelliptic Curves and Multiple Dirichlet Series

In this paper we provide an explicit construction of a $distinctive$ multiple Dirichlet series associated to products of quadratic Dirichlet L-series, which we believe should be tightly connected to a generalized metaplectic Whittaker function on the double cover of a Kac-Moody group. To do so, we first impose a set of axioms, independent of any group of functional equations, which the aforementioned object should satisfy. As a consequence, we deduce that the coefficients of the $p$-parts of the multiple Dirichlet series satisfy certain recurrence relations. These relations lead to a family of…

Introduction to moduli, l-adic representations and the Regular Version of the Inverse Galois Problem

Sect 1 introduces Nielsen classes attached to (G,C), where C is r conjugacy classes in a finite group G, and a braid action on them. These give reduced Hurwitz spaces, denoted H(G,C)^rd. The section concludes with a braid formula for the genus of these spaces when r = 4. If there is at least one prime l for which G is divisible by l, but has no Z/l quotient, then there is a canonical tower of reduced Hurwitz spaces over H(G,C)^rd, using the Universal Frattini cover, ~G, of G, and ~G_ab, its abelianized version. The towers are nonempty assuming C are l' classes satisfying a cohomological condit…

Tensor networks, $p$-adic fields, and algebraic curves: arithmetic and the AdS$_3$/CFT$_2$ correspondence

One of the many remarkable properties of conformal field theory in two dimensions is its connection to algebraic geometry. Since every compact Riemann surface is a projective algebraic curve, many constructions of interest in physics (which a priori depend on the analytic structure of the spacetime) can be formulated in purely algebraic language. This opens the door to interesting generalizations, obtained by taking another choice of field: for instance, the $p$-adics. We generalize the AdS/CFT correspondence according to this principle; the result is a formulation of holography in which the b…

通过Iwasawa轨迹计算CM曲线的幂单Selmer维数

Unipotent Selmer dimensions for CM curves via Iwasawa loci

该研究针对几何CM雅可比的亏格≥2的Q上光滑射影曲线，证明了Bloch-Kato Selmer概形的维数不等式，回答了Kim猜想的特殊情形，核心方法基于Iwasawa理论与特征重数界估。