Francois Couchot
It is shown that each almost maximal valuation ring R such that every indecomposable injective module is countably generated, satisfies the following condition (C): each fp-injective module is locally injective. The converse holds if R is a domain. Moreover, it is proved that a valuation ring that sastisfies this condition (C) is almost maximal.
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It is proved that the localization of an injective module E, over a valuation ring R, at a prime ideal J, is injective if J is not the subset of zero-divisors of R or if J or E is flat. It follows that localizations of injective modules over h-local Prüfer domains are injective too.
If $\hat{R} is the pure-injective hull of a valuation ring $R$, it is proved that $\hat{R}\otimes\_RM$ is the pure-injective of $M$, for each finitely generated module $M$. Moreover, $\hat{R}\otimes\_RM\simeq\oplus\_{1\leq k\leq n}\hat{R}/A\_k\hat{R}$, where $A\_1,...,A\_n$ is the annihilator sequence of $M$. The pure-injective hulls of uniserial or polyserial modules are also investigated. Any two pure-composition series of a countably generated polyserial module are isomorphic.
We introduce and investigate ss-injectivity as a generalization of both soc-injectivity and small injectivity. A module M is said to be ss-N-injective (where N is a module) if every R-homomorphism from a semisimple small submodule of N into M extends to N. A module M is said to be ss-injective (resp. strongly ss-injective), if M is ss-R-injective (resp. ss-N-injective for every right R-module N). Some characterizations and properties of (strongly) ss-injective modules and rings are given. Some results of Amin, Yuosif and Zeyada on soc-injectivity are extended to ss-injectivity. Also, we provid…
It is proved that localizations of injective $R$-modules of finite Goldie dimension are injective if $R$ is an arithmetical ring satisfying the following condition: for every maximal ideal $P$, $R_P$ is either coherent or not semicoherent. If, in addition, each finitely generated $R$-module has finite Goldie dimension, then localizations of finitely injective $R$-modules are finitely injective too. Moreover, if $R$ is a Prüfer domain of finite character, localizations of injective $R$-modules are injective.
It is not known whether right CF-rings (FGF-rings) are right artinian (quasi-Frobenius). This paper gives a positive answer of this question in the case of weak CS (s-CS) and GC2 rings. Also we get some new results on almost injective rings.
We look at value functions of primes in simple Artinian rings and associate arithmetical pseudo-valuations to Dubrovin valuation rings which, in the Noetherian case, are $\mathbb{Z}$-valued. This allows a divisor theory for bounded Krull domains.
In this paper we show that if R is a discrete valuation ring, then R is a filtered ring. We prove some properties and relation when R is a discrete valuation ring.
In this paper we show if R is a filtered ring then we can define a quasi valuation. And if R is some kind of filtered ring then we can define a valuation. Then we prove some properties and relations for R.
It is proved that localizations of injective $R$-modules of finite Goldie dimension are injective if $R$ is an arithmetical ring satisfying the following condition: for every maximal ideal $P$, $R_P$ is either coherent or not semicoherent. If, in addition, each finitely generated $R$-module has finite Goldie dimension, then localizations of finitely injective $R$-modules are finitely injective too. Moreover, if $R$ is a Prüfer domain of finite character, localizations of injective $R$-modules are injective.
Let $R$ be a ring, a right ideal $I$ of $R$ is called small if for every proper right ideal $K$ of $R$, $I+K\neq R$. A ring $R$ is called right small injective if every homomorphism from a small right ideal to $R_{R}$ can be extended to an $R$-homomorphism from $R_{R}$ to $R_{R}$. Properties of small injective rings are explored and several new characterizations are given for $QF$ rings and $PF$ rings, respectively.
It is shown that every commutative local ring of bounded module type is an almost maximal valuation ring.
The classes of FP-injective and weakly quasi-Frobenius rings are investigated. The properties for both classes of rings are closely linked with embedding of finitely presented modules in fp-flat and free modules respectively. Using these properties, we describe the classes of coherent CF and FGF-rings. Moreover, it is proved that the group ring R(G) is FP-injective (resp. weakly quasi-Frobenius) if and only if the ring R is FP-injective (resp. weakly quasi-Frobenius) and the group G is locally finite.
It is proved, among other results, that a prime right nonsingular ring (in particular, a simple ring) $R$ is right self-injective if $R_R$ is invariant under automorphisms of its injective hull. This answers two questions raised by Singh and Srivastava, and Clark and Huynh. An example is given to show that this conclusion no longer holds when prime ring is replaced by semiprime ring in the above assumption. Also shown is that automorphism-invariant modules are precisely pseudo-injective modules, answering a recent question of Lee and Zhou. Furthermore, rings whose cyclic modules are automorphi…
Some remarks on injective envelopes on ring extensions
本文研究环扩张上的 $(R, S)_\star$-内射模及其包络的存在性，并证明当基环 $S$ 为纯半单环时，每个 $R$-模都具有 $(R, S)$-内射包络。
Let $M_R$ be an injective right module over a ring $R$. The goal of this paper to prove that the endomorphism ring $S=(M_R)$ of $M$ is quasi-duo if and only if $M_R$ is square-free.
In this paper, we develop structure theory for graded regular graded self-injective rings and apply it in the context of Leavitt path algebras. We show that for a finite graph, graded regular graded self-injective Leavitt path algebras are of graded type I and these are precisely graded $Σ$-$V$ Leavitt path algebras.
Let $R$ be a valuation ring and let $Q$ be its total quotient ring. It is proved that any singly projective (respectively flat) module is finitely projective if and only if $Q$ is maximal (respectively artinian). It is shown that each singly projective module is a content module if and only if any non-unit of $R$ is a zero-divisor and that each singly projective module is locally projective if and only if $R$ is self injective. Moreover, $R$ is maximal if and only if each singly projective module is separable, if and only if any flat content module is locally projective. Necessary and sufficie…
One of the many equivalent formulation of the Köthe's conjecture is the assertion that there exists no ring which contains two nil right ideals whose sum is not nil. We discuss several consequences of an observation that if the Koethe conjecture fails then there exists a counterexample in the form of a countable local subring of a suitable self-injective prime (von Neumann) regular ring.
A ring $R$ is called right $\aleph_{0}$-injective if every homomorphism from a countably generated right ideal of $R$ to $R_{R}$ can be extended to a homomorphism from $R_{R}$ to $R_{R}$. In this note, some characterizations of $\aleph_{0}$-injective rings are given. It is proved that if $R$ is semilocal, then $R$ is right $\aleph_{0}$-injective if and only if every homomorphism from a countably generated small right ideal of $R$ to $R_{R}$ can be extended to one from $R_{R}$ to $R_{R}$. It is also shown that if $R$ is right noetherian and left $\aleph_{0}$-injective, then $R$ is \emph{QF}. Th…
We study injective hulls of simple modules over differential operator rings $R[θ; d]$, providing necessary conditions under which these modules are locally Artinian. As a consequence we characterize Ore extensions of $S=K[x][θ;σ, d]$ for $d$ a $K$-linear derivation and $σ$ a $K$-linear automorphism of $K[x]$ such that injective hulls of simple $S$-modules are locally Artinian.
Rings whose mininjective modules are injective
本文刻画了极小内射模均为内射的环，证明其等价于每个极小平坦模均投射的诺特环，并研究了Kasch、交换及拟Frobenius情形，以及上三角矩阵环的充要条件，还构造了贫乏模的新例子。
A module is called coneat injective if it is injective with respect to all coneat exact sequences. The class of such modues is enveloping and falls properly between injectives and pure injectives. Generalizations of coneat injectivity, like relative coneat injectivity and full invariance of a module in its coneat injective envelope, are studied. Using properties of such classes of modules, we characterize certain types of rings like von Neumann regular and right SF-rings. For instance, R is a right SF-ring if and only if every coneat injective left R-module is injective.
Every automorphism-invariant right non-singular $A$-module is injective if and only if the factor ring of the ring $A$ with respect to its right Goldie radical is a right strongly semiprime ring.
Recently, in a series of papers "simple" versions of direct-injective and direct-projective modules have been investigated. These modules are termed as "simple-direct-injective" and "simple-direct-projective", respectively. In this paper, we give a complete characterization of the aforementioned modules over the ring of integers and over semilocal rings. The ring is semilocal if and only if every right module with zero Jacobson radical is simple-direct-projective. The rings whose simple-direct-injective right modules are simple-direct-projective are fully characterized. These are exactly the l…
We describe rings over which every right module is almost injective. We give a description of rings over which every simple module is a almost projective.
Let $R$ be an algebra over a commutative ring $k$. Suppose that $R$ is endowed with a descending filtration indexed on an ordered group $(G,<)$ such that the restriction to $k$ is positive. We show that the existence of free algebras on a certain set of generators in the induced graded ring $grad(R)$ implies the existence of free group algebras in $R$. Our best results are obtained for division rings endowed with a valuation.
It was proved independently by both Wolfson [An ideal theoretic characterization of the ring of all linear transformations, Amer. J. Math. 75 (1953), 358-386] and Zelinsky [Every Linear Transformation is Sum of Nonsingular Ones, Proc. Amer. Math. Soc. 5 (1954), 627-630] that every linear transformation of a vector space $V$ over a division ring $D$ is the sum of two invertible linear transformations except when $V$ is one-dimensional over $\mathbb Z_2$. This was extended by Khurana and Srivastava [Right self-injective rings in which each element is sum of two units, J. Algebra and its Appl., V…
On the rings whose injective right modules are max-projective
本文在局部环、半局部右半遗传环等更一般环类上刻画了极大QF环，证明了右几乎QF性与右极大QF性非左右对称且对商环不封闭，并由此引出对所有商环均为几乎QF和极大QF的环的研究。
Let $R$ be a right and left Ore ring, $S$ its set of regular elements and $Q = R[S^{-1}] = [S^{-1}] R$ the classical ring of quotients of $R$. We prove that if F.dim$(Q_Q) = 0$, then the following conditions are equivalent: $(i)$ Flat right $R$-modules are strongly flat. $ (ii)$ Matlis-cotorsion right $R$-modules are Enochs-cotorsion. $(iii) $ $h$-divisible right $R$-modules are weak-injective. $(iv)$ Homomorphic images of weak-injective right $R$-modules are weak-injective. $(v)$ Homomorphic images of injective right $R$-modules are weak-injective. $(vi)$ Right $R$-modules of weak dimension $…
In this paper we prove relationships between two generalizations of commutative valuation theory for noncommutative central simple algebras: (1) Dubrovin valuation rings; and (2) the value functions called gauges introduced by Tignol and Wadsworth in [TW1] and [TW2]. We show that if v is a valuation on a field F with associated valuation ring V and v is defectless in a central simple F-algebra A, and C is a subring of A, then the following are equivalent: (a) C is the gauge ring of some minimal v-gauge on A, i.e., a gauge with the minimal number of simple components of C/J(C); (b) C is integra…
For a given class of modules $\mathcal{A}$, we denote by $\widetilde{\mathcal{A}}$ the class of exact complexes $X$ having all cycles in $\mathcal{A}$, and by $dw(\mathcal{A})$ the class of complexes $Y$ with all components $Y_j$ in $\mathcal{A}$. We use the notations $\mathcal{GI}$ $(\mathcal{GF}, \mathcal{GP})$ for the class of Gorenstein injective (Gorenstein flat, Gorenstein projective respectively) $R$-modules, $\mathcal{DI}$ for Ding injective modules, and $\mathcal{PGF}$ for projectively coresolved Gorenstein flat modules (see section 2 for definitions). We prove that the following are …
A torsion theoretical characterization of left Noetherian rings $R$ over which injective hulls of simple left modules are locally Artinian is given. Sufficient conditions for a left Noetherian ring to satisfy this finiteness condition are obtained in terms of torsion theories.
$\textbf{Theorem 1.3.}$ For a given ring $A$ with right Goldie radical $G(A_A)$, the following conditions are equivalent. $\textbf{1)}$ Every non-singular right $A$-module $X$ which is is injective with respect to some essential right ideal of the ring $A$ is an injective module. $\textbf{2)}$ $A/G(A_A)$ is a right strongly semiprime ring. $\textbf{Theorem 1.4.}$ For a given ring $A$, the following conditions are equivalent. $\textbf{1)}$ $A$ is a right strongly semiprime ring. $\textbf{2)}$ Every right $A$-module which is injective with respect to some essential right ideal of the ring $A$, i…
Let T be a complete discrete valuation ring and $\hat{X}$ a smooth projective curve over $S=\spec(T)$ with closed fibre $X$. Denote by $F$ the function field of $\hat{X}$ and by $\hat{F}$ the completion of $F$ with respect to the discrete valuation defined by $X$, the closed fibre. In this paper, we construct indecomposable and noncrossed product division algebras over $F$. This is done by defining an index preserving group homomorphism $s:\br(\hat{F})'\to\br(F)'$, and using it to lift indecomposable and noncrossed product division algebras over $\hat{F}$.
Rings whose indecomposable modules are pure-projective or pure-injective
本文刻画了所有不可分解模均为纯投射或纯内射的环类，证明了诺特局部交换环情形等价于阿廷赋值环或特定秩条件的离散赋值域，并将一般交换环情形归结为 clean 算术环及其局部化条件。
We use the type theory for rings of operators due to Kaplansky to describe the structure of modules that are invariant under automorphisms of their injective envelopes. Also, we highlight the importance of Boolean rings in the study of such modules. As a consequence of this approach, we are able to further the study initiated by Dickson and Fuller regarding when a module invariant under automorphisms of its injective envelope is invariant under any endomorphism of it. In particular, we find conditions for several classes of noetherian rings which ensure that modules invariant under automorphis…
$\mathcal{X}$-Gorenstein projective and $\mathcal{Y}$-Gorenstein injective modules over tensor rings
本文研究了张量环上$\mathcal{X}$-Gorenstein投射和$\mathcal{Y}$-Gorenstein注入模的性质，并给出了相关模的特征化结果及应用。
Gorenstein projective, injective and flat modules over trivial ring extensions
本文通过引入广义相容与广义余相容双模，给出了平凡环扩张上Gorenstein投射、内射和平坦模的显式刻画，并应用于具有零双模同态的Morita context环。
We prove that the class of Gorenstein injective modules is both enveloping and covering over a two sided noetherian ring such that the character modules of Gorenstein injective modules are Gorenstein flat. In the second part of the paper we consider the connection between the Gorenstein injective modules and the strongly cotorsion modules. We prove that when the ring R is commutative noetherian of finite Krull dimension, the class of Gorenstein injective modules coincides with that of strongly cotorsion modules if and only if the ring R is in fact Gorenstein.
In this paper, we focus on $n$-syzygy modules and the injective cogenerator determined by the minimal injective resolution of a noether ring. We study the properties of $n$-syzygy modules and a category $R_n(\mod R)$ which includes the category consisting of all $n$-syzygy modules and their applications on Auslander-type rings. Then, we investigate the injective cogenerators determined by the minimal injective resolution of $R$. We show that $R$ is Gorenstein with finite self-injective dimension at most $n$ if and only if $\id R\leq n$ and $\fd \bigoplus_{i=0}^n I_i(R)< \infty$. Some known res…
Let $R$ be a ring, and $n$ a fixed nonnegative integer. An $R$-module $W$ is called $L_{n}$-injective if ${\rm Ext}_{R}^{1}(M,W)=0$ for any $R$-module $M$ with flat dimension at most $n$. In this paper, we prove first that ($\mathcal{F}_{n},\mathcal{L}_{n}$) is a complete hereditary cotorsion theory, where $\mathcal{F}_n$ (resp. $\mathcal{L}_n$) denotes the class of all $R$-modules with flat dimension at most $n$ (resp. $L_{n}$-injective $R$-modules). Then we introduce the $L_{n}$-injective dimension of a module and $L_n$-global dimension of a ring. Finally, over rings with weak global dimensi…
Injective generation for graded rings
本文研究分次环的内射生成，将其归结为 Morita 语境环的情形，并给出张量环与平凡扩张环的充要条件，最终证明有限维代数扭张量积的内射生成。
The injective spectrum is a topological space associated to a ring $R$, which agrees with the Zariski spectrum when $R$ is commutative noetherian. We consider injective spectra of right noetherian rings (and locally noetherian Grothendieck categories) and establish some basic topological results and a functoriality result, as well as links between the topology and the Krull dimension of the ring (in the sense of Gabriel and Rentschler). Finally, we use these results to compute a number of examples.
It is shown that a ring is left semihereditary if and only each homomorphic image of its injective hull as left module is FP-injective. It is also proven that a commutative ring R is reduced and arithmetical if and only if E/U if FP-injective for any FP-injective R-module E and for any submodule U of finite Goldie dimension. A characterization of commutative rings for which each module of finite Goldie dimension is of injective dimension at most one is given. Let R be a chain ring and Z its subset of zerodivisors. It is proven that E/U is FP-injective for each FP-injective R-module E and each …
Injective modules play an important role in characterizing different classes of rings (e.g. Noetherian rings, semisimple rings). Some semirings have no non-zero injective semimodules (e.g. the semiring of non-negative integers). In this paper, we study some of the basic properties of the so called e-injective semimodules introduced by the first author using a new notion of exact sequences of semimodules. We clarify the relationships between the injective semimodules, the e-injective semimodule, and the i-injective semimodules through several implications, examples and counter examples. Moreove…
We consider the smallest triangulated subcategory of the unbounded derived module category of a ring that contains the injective modules and is closed under set indexed coproducts. If this subcategory is the entire derived category, then we say that injectives generate for the ring. In particular, we ask whether, if injectives generate for a collection of rings, do injectives generate for related ring constructions and vice versa. We provide sufficient conditions for this statement to hold for various constructions including recollements, ring extensions and module category equivalences.
The principle "Every result in classical homological algebra should have a counterpart in Gorenstein homological algebra" is given in [3]. There is a remarkable body of evidence supporting this claim (cf. [2] and [3]). Perhaps one of the most glaring exceptions is provided by the fact that tensor products of Gorenstein projective modules need not be Gorenstein projective, even over Gorenstein rings. So perhaps it is surprising that tensor products of Gorenstein injective modules over Gorenstein rings of finite Krull dimension are Gorenstein injective. Our main result is in support of the princ…
We prove that any affine ring $R$ over a field $k$ has full cosupport, i.e., the cosupport of $R$ is equal to ${\rm Spec}\, R$. Using this fact, we give a complete description of all terms in a minimal pure-injective resolution of $R$, provided that $|k|=\aleph_1$ and ${\rm dim}\, R\geq 2$, or $|k|\geq \aleph_1$ and ${\rm dim}\, R=2$. As a corollary, we obtain a partial answer to a conjecture by Gruson.
Let R be a ring (not necessarily commutative). A left R-module is said to be cotorsion if Ext 1 R (G, M) = 0 for any flat R-module G. It is well known that each pure-injective left R-module is cotorsion, but the converse does not hold: for instance, if R is left perfect but not left pure-semisimple then each left R-module is cotorsion but there exist non-pure-injective left modules. The aim of this paper is to describe the class C of commutative rings R for which each cotorsion R-module is pure-injective. It is easy to see that C contains the class of von Neumann regular rings and the one of p…
Restricted injective dimensions over Cohen-Macaulay rings
本文证明有限 Krull 维数 Cohen-Macaulay 环上大小受限内射维数一致，并借助倾斜理论提出 Cohen-Macaulay Hom 内射维数新定义，证明其构成完美余挠对的右半部分。
Tate Duality and Transfer for Symmetric Algebras Over Complete Discrete Valuation Rings
本文证明了完备离散赋值环上对称代数的Hochschild上同调中对偶转移映射与Tate对偶可交换，并在Calabi-Yau三角范畴的更广泛背景下解释了该结果。
A Universal Property of the Spectrum of a Ring and the Semiring of its Ideals
该研究利用广义幂等半环赋值明确了算术赋值与交换环理想结构的关联，证明理想半环是正赋值的泛分解半环，并将环谱的泛性质与算术赋值理论联系起来，给出闭Zariski拓扑的泛分解刻画。
This is the second of two papers on the injective spectrum of a right noetherian ring. In the prequel, we considered the injective spectrum as a topological space associated to a ring (or, more generally, a Grothendieck category), which generalises the Zariski spectrum. We established some results about the topology and its links with Krull dimension, and computed a number of examples. In the present paper, which can largely be read independently of the first, we extend these results by defining a sheaf of rings on the injective spectrum and considering sheaves of modules over this structure s…
Let $R$ be a left and right Noetherian ring. We introduce the notion of the torsionfree dimension of finitely generated $R$-modules. For any $n\geq 0$, we prove that $R$ is a Gorenstein ring with self-injective dimension at most $n$ if and only if every finitely generated left $R$-module and every finitely generated right $R$-module have torsionfree dimension at most $n$, if and only if every finitely generated left (or right) $R$-module has Gorenstein dimension at most $n$. For any $n \geq 1$, we study the properties of the finitely generated $R$-modules $M$ with $\Ext_R^i(M, R)=0$ for any $1…
Let $\mathbf{k}$ be an algebraically closed field of arbitrary characteristic, let $Λ$ be a finite dimensional $\mathbf{k}$-algebra and let $V$ be a $Λ$-module with stable endomorphism ring isomorphic to $\mathbf{k}$. If $Λ$ is self-injective, then $V$ has a universal deformation ring $R(Λ,V)$, which is a complete local commutative Noetherian $\mathbf{k}$-algebra with residue field $\mathbf{k}$. Moreover, if $Λ$ is further a Frobenius $\mathbf{k}$-algebra, then $R(Λ,V)$ is stable under syzygies. We use these facts to determine the universal deformation rings of string $Λ_{m,N}$-modules whose c…
Let R be a graded ring and n > 1 an integer. In this paper, We introduce the notions of Ding n-gr-injective and Ding n-gr-flat modules by using of special finitely presented graded modules . Then, some properties of Ding n-gr-injective and Ding n-gr-flat modules are obtained. On n-gr-coherent rings, we investigate the relationships among Ding n-gr-injective and Ding n-gr-flat modules and also, we prove that any graded module in R-gr (resp. gr-R) admits an Ding n-gr-injective (resp. Ding n-gr-flat) cover and preenvelope.
The Steenrod algebra is self-injective, and the Steenrod algebra is not self-injective
本文通过证明Faith定理的分次推广，完整刻画了分次环上哪些分次内射模的余积仍为分次内射，并据此说明Steenrod代数在改变分次或作为非分次环时不再是自内射的。
Relative injective modules, superstability and noetherian categories
本文研究三类封闭模类的$\boldsymbol{\text{mathcal{M}}}$-内射模的类贝尔准则，用模型论稳定独立关系论证，证明超稳定性等价于诺特范畴，并以此刻画多种环类。
Let $A$ be an associative non-positive differential graded ring. In this paper we make a detailed study of a category $\operatorname{\mathsf{Inj}}(A)$ of left DG-modules over $A$ which generalizes the category of injective modules over a ring. We give many characterizations of this category, generalizing the theory of injective modules, and prove a derived version of the Bass-Papp theorem: the category $\operatorname{\mathsf{Inj}}(A)$ is closed in the derived category $\operatorname{\mathsf{D}}(A)$ under arbitrary direct sums if and only if the ring $\mathrm{H}^0(A)$ is left noetherian and for…
Suppose $F$ is a field with a nontrivial valuation $v$ and valuation ring $O_{v}$, $E$ is a finite field extension and $w$ is a quasi-valuation on $E$ extending $v$. We study the topology induced by $w$. We prove that the quasi-valuation ring determines the topology, independent of the choice of its quasi-valuation. Moreover, we prove the weak approximation theorem for quasi-valuations.
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