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arXiv math/0406117math.QAmath-phmath.MP
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形式同态的非交换霍普夫代数

Non-commutative Hopf algebra of formal diffeomorphisms

Christian Brouder, Alessandra Frabetti, Christian Krattenthaler

摘要:

本文的研究对象是两个霍普夫代数,它们是两个不同的形式幂级数群的非交换模拟.第一个群是可逆级数的乘法集合,而第二个群是形式反同态的合成集合。引入这些霍普夫代数的动机来自于对非交换系数形式级数的研究。具有非交换系数的可逆级数仍然构成一个群,我们将相应的新的非交换霍普夫代数解释为由群的坐标环给出的自然霍普夫代数的替代,它具有在系数代数中是函子的优点.对于具有非交换系数的形式复同态,这种解释失败了,因为在这种情况下复合不再是结合的。然而,我们证明了对于对偶非交换代数,存在一个自然的余结合余积定义了一个非交换霍普夫代数。此外,我们给出了一个明确的公式的对极,这是一个非交换版本的拉格朗日反演公式,我们表明,其系数有关的平面二叉树。然后我们将这些结果推广到以前的霍普夫代数的半直余积和多元级数。最后,我们还讨论了形式级数的非交换霍普夫代数与由量子场论中的重整化所激发的组合Hopf代数的重整化霍普夫代数代数以及双代数上的双张量代数所给出的重整化函子之间的关系.

英文摘要:

The subject of this paper are two Hopf algebras which are the non-commutative analogues of two different groups of formal power series. The first group is the set of invertible series with the multiplication, while the second group is the set of formal diffeomorphisms with the composition. The motivation to introduce these Hopf algebras comes from the study of formal series with non-commutative coefficients. Invertible series with non-commutative coefficients still form a group, and we interpret the corresponding new non-commutative Hopf algebra as an alternative to the natural Hopf algebra given by the co-ordinate ring of the group, which has the advantage of being functorial in the algebra of coefficients. For the formal diffeomorphisms with non-commutative coefficients, this interpretation fails, because in this case the composition is not associative anymore. However, we show that for the dual non-commutative algebra there exists a natural co-associative co-product defining a non-commutative Hopf algebra. Moreover, we give an explicit formula for the antipode, which represents a non-commutative version of the Lagrange inversion formula, and we show that its coefficients are related to planar binary trees. Then we extend these results to the semi-direct co-product of the previous Hopf algebras, and to series in several variables. Finally, we show how the non-commutative Hopf algebras of formal series are related to some renormalization Hopf algebras, which are combinatorial Hopf algebras motivated by the renormalization in quantum field theory, and to the renormalization functor given by the double tensor algebra on a bi-algebra.

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