Let $Y$ be a smooth complex projective variety of dimension $N+1$, $L$ an invertible sufficiently ample sheaf, $X\in |L|$ a smooth hypersurface and $λ\in F^kH^N(X,C)$ a vanishing cohomology class, where $F^{*}$ is the Hodge filtration and $k\in\{1,...,[N/2]\}$. Assume that $L$ is sufficiently ample and that the codimension in $|L|$ of the Hodge variety associated to $λ$ (locally defined as the locus where the image of $λ$ by flat transport over $|L|$ remains in $F^k$) is sufficiently small.
I show that this forces $N$ to be even and $k=[N/2]$, and that the class $λ$ is a linear combination with complex coefficients of classes of algebraic subvarieties of $X$ of small degree. As a corollary, I obtain that the components of smallest codimensions of the Noether-Lefschetz locus are spanned by classes of algebraic subvarieties as predicted by Hodge conjecture.
The proof relies on an algebraic description of the infinitesimal neighboorghood of the Noether-Lefschetz locus at any order and on a (global) monodromy result.
In the first part, we study the structure of the R-algebra generated by the Hodge classes on the self-product A^e of a very general principally polarized abelian variety A. In the second part, we compare various notions of positivity for cycles of higher codimension in A^e. In particular, we prove that, in every codimension 1 < k < en-1, there exist classes that are numerically effective but not pseudoeffective, which generalises a result of Debarre, Ein, Lazarsfeld and Voisin.
Pour tout schéma simplicial complexe $X_{\bullet}$ il existe une application canonique $\nabla:H^{\ast}(X_{\bullet})\longrightarrow Ω^1_{{\mathbb C}/{\mathbb Q}}\otimes H^{\ast}(X_{\bullet})$, appelée la connexion de Gauß-Manin. Nous montrons qu'il existe une unique connexion fonctorielle sur toute structure de Hodge-Tate mixte ayant certaines propriétés de la connexion de Gauß-Manin. Cette connexion n'est pas intégrable en général, et alors son intégrabilité est une condition non triviale pour qu'une structure de Hodge soit géométrique. Dans des cas particuliers, je donne des formules explici…
Nous montrons que les seules variétés toriques munies d'une structure de contact sont, à isomorphisme près, les espaces projectifs complexes et les variétés $\mathbb{P}_{\mathbb{P}^{1}\times\cdots\times\mathbb{P}^{1}} (\mathcal{T}_{\mathbb{P}^{1}\times\cdots\times\mathbb{P}^{1}})$.
In this article we answer a question of D. Markushevich and prove the irreducibility of the scheme of morphisms from an elliptic curve to the spinor tenfold.
We study the divisorial Zariski decomposition on varieties whose first Chern class is zero. We first prove that any exceptional divisor is contractible (up to a birational map that is an isomorphism in codimension one). We then characterize prime exceptional divisors on holomorphic symplectic manifolds.
Let X be a smooth toric variety stratified by the torus action. This paper is a presentation of a description of the category Perv_X of perverse sheaves on X relatively to the fixed stratification. We define a category of representations of a quiver, defined thanks to the fan of X, equivalent to Perv_X.
Given a projective variety X over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, we show that finite parabolic bundles along a fixed simple normal crossings divisor D are in one to one correspondence with representations of the étale fundamental group of X-D.
In this article we prove the irreducibility of the Hilbert scheme of rationnal curves on homogeneous varieties with fixed class in the Chow ring. This result has also been proved by J. F. Thomsen [T] and B. Kim and R. Pandharipande [KP]. Our method is totaly different (we don't use the compactification of stable maps) and enables us to prove the existence of rational smooth curves on homogeneous varities with fixed class in the Chow ring. This was not the case of Thomsen's and Kim and Pandharipande's proofs. We use a decomposition of G/P in orbits (called the P'-orbits, see definition) which a…
Sganarelle: ... Mais encore faut-il croire quelque chose dans le monde: qu'est-ce donc que vous croyez? Dom Juan: Ce que je crois? Sganarelle: Oui. Dom Juan: Je crois que deux et deux sont quatre, Sganarelle, et que quatre et quatre sont huit. [Molière, Dom Juan] One dicusses sheaves of vertex algebras over smooth varieties and their connections with characteristic classes.
Let X be a smooth 3-fold and let E be a rank 2 torsion free sheaf. In the first part of this paper, we give some necessary conditions for the sheaf E to be limit of vector bundles. In the second part, we describe an example of this problem. Thanks to the construction of Ellingsrud and Stromme, we describe a familly of rank 2 sheaves on P^3 (the 3-dimensional projective space). We show that for this familly, the conditions of the first part are sufficient.
These are lectures notes on rationally connected varieties, written for the "Etats de la Recherche" of the French Mathematical Society held in Strasbourg (May 2008). We focus on geometric aspects. These notes have been written in order that a wide audience can easily read them, except maybe the last section, a bit more technical, where we give the proof of Shokurov rational connectedness conjecture following Hacon and McKernan. ----- Ce sont les notes d'un mini-cours sur les variétés rationnellement connexes, écrit pour les Etats de la Recherche de la Société Mathématique de France (Strasbourg…
The Borel-Weil-Bott theorem describes the cohomology of line bundles over flag varieties. Here, one generalizes this theorem to a wider class of projective varieties : the wonderful varieties of minimal rank.
Let $X$ be a complex non-singular toric variety, $E$ an equivariant and ample line bundle on $X$. We introduce a new functional $V_\infty$ on the set of smooth, positive and invariant metrics on $E$. We compare $V_\infty$ to some classical functionals. As an application, we study the variation of the holomorphic analytic torsion.
Let $k$ be a higher-dimensional local field and $X$ be a smooth projective geometrically integral curve over $k$. Let $K$ be the function field of $X$. We define Tate-Shafarevich groups of an abelian variety via cohomology classes locally trivial at each completion of $K$ coming from a closed point of $X$. We prove local duality theorems for abelian varieties over $k$, as well as global duality theorems for Tate-Shafarevich groups of abelian varieties over $K$. Soient $k$ un corps local supérieur et $X$ une courbe projective lisse géométriquement intègre de corps de fonctions $K$. On définit l…
Ceci est un rapport sur l'article "A finiteness theorem for zero-cycles over p-adic fields" (arXiv:math/0605165) de Shuji Saito et Kanetomo Sato. ----- This is a survey on the paper "A finiteness theorem for zero-cycles over p-adic fields" (arXiv:math/0605165) by Shuji Saito and Kanetomo Sato.
We give a new lower bound for the essential minimum of subvarieties of abelian varieties with small codimension, under a conjecture about ordinary primes in abelian varieties. This lower bound is already known in the toric case since the work of Amoroso and David. It is the best expected, "up to an epsilon", in the degree of the subvariety.
We show that the factorial and Q-factorial loci of algebraic varieties defined over an algebraically closed field are open, that products of locally factorial varieties are still locally factorial, and that this property remains true for Q-factorial varieties if the ground field is not the algebraic closure of a finite field.
Using the construction of Colliot-Thélène and Ojanguren, we exhibit an example of a smooth projective geometrically rational variety X defined over a finite field F_p with an algebraic closure \bar F_p and the absolute Galois group G, such that the group H^3_nr(X, Z/2) is nonzero and the map CH^2(X)\to CH^2(\bar X)^G is not surjective.
We propose a definition of varieties over the field with one element. These have extensions of scalars to the ring of integers which are varieties in the usual sense. We show that toric varieties can be defined over the field with one element. We also discuss zeta functions for such objects. We give a motivic interpretation of the image of the J-homomorphism defined by Adams. ~ ~ ~ ~
We extend to the case of semi-abelian varieties the statements of various variants of the conjecture alla Bogomolov about the non-density of small points of small height in abelian varieties. Inspired by recent work of Ullmo, Zhang and Bilu, we then prove these conjectures when the semi-abelian variety is almost split. The proof uses Arakelov geometry and equirepartition arguments.
Let $X$ be a smooth projective toric variety over $Spec(Z)$. Let $\bar{\mathcal{O}(D)}$ be an equivariant hermitian line bundle on $X$, equipped with a positive metric and invariant under the action of the compact torus of $X(C)$, we provide a formula for the arithmetic volume in term of Fenchel-Legendre transform attached to the metric.
Canonical heights and Arakelov geometry on semi-abelian varieties. In this paper, we propose a construction of the canonical heights on an extension of an abelian variety by the multiplicative group, in the framework of Arakelov geometry. These canonical heights are the sum of some height coming from the abelian variety and something we call a relative height. We finally give some complements about the points whose relative height is zero.
The aim of this paper is to apply the work of Morris on Eisenstein series over global function fields to the study of the asymptotic behavior of the points of bounded height on a generalized flag variety defined as the quotient of a semi-simple algebraic group by a reduced parabolic subgroup over such a field. The formula obtained for the height zeta function has an interpretation similar to the one known over a number field.
In characteristic zero, it was proven a long time ago by D. Lieberman that cohomological and numerical equivalence coincide for cycles on abelian varieties. In this paper we show this to be true also in a somewhat technical sense for abelian varieties defined over a finite field. The technicality is that the result is valid for l-adic cohomology for primes l of non-zero density.
We extend to the general codimension a lower bound for the essential minimum on abelian varieties found in a previous work, under a conjecture about ordinary primes in abelian varieties. This lower bound is the best expected, ``up to an epsilon'', in the degree of the subvariety. Following a strategy of Amoroso, we change the transcendance phasis in order to simplify the zero lemma and its combinatorics. The last argument is a descent procedure on varieties, which is far more intricate in the abelian setting since there is not, in general, a lifting of the Frobenius in characteristic zero.
Let $X$ be a smooth projective variety over a finite field $\F$. We discuss the unramified cohomology group $H^3_\nr(X,\Q/\Z(2))$. Several conjectures put together imply that this group is finite. For certain classes of threefolds, $H^3_\nr(X,\Q/\Z(2))$ actually vanishes. It is an open question whether this holds true for arbitrary threefolds. For a threefold $X$ equipped with a fibration onto a curve $C$, the generic fibre of which is a smooth projective surface $V$ over the global field $\F(C)$, the vanishing of $H^3_\nr(X,\Q/\Z(2))$ together with the Tate conjecture for divisors on $X$ impl…
Consider weak approximation for 0-cycles on a smooth proper variety defined over a number field, it is conjectured to be controlled by its Brauer group. Let $X$ be a Châtelet surface or a smooth compactification of a homogeneous space of a connected linear algebraic group with connected stabilizer. Let $Y$ be a rationally connected variety. We prove that weak approximation for 0-cycles on the product $X\times Y$ is controlled by its Brauer group if it is the case for $Y$ after every finite extension of the base field. We do not suppose the existence of 0-cycles of degree $1$ neither on $X$ nor…
We study the asymptotical behaviour of the moduli space of morphisms of given anticanonical degree from a rational curve to a split toric variety, when the degree goes to infinity. We obtain in this case a geometric analogue of Manin's conjecture about rational points of bounded height on varieties defined over a global field. The study is led through a generating series whose coefficients lie in a Grothendieck ring of motives, the motivic height zeta function. In order to establish convergence properties of this function, we use a notion of eulerian motivic product. It relies on a constructio…
Given integers r>1, n>1 and q> n-2, we consider projective varieties X of dimension r+1 such that through n generic points of X passes a rational curve of degree q, contained in X. More precisely, we study the class X_{r+1,n}(q) of such varieties which moreover generate a projective space of the maximal dimension. We determine all varieties of a class X_{r+1,n}(q) when q is not equal to 2n-3. In particuliar, we show that there exists a variety X' in P^{r+n-1}, of minimal degree and a birational map F: X'---> X which sends a generic section of X' by a P^{n-1} onto a rational normal curve of deg…
We make explicit Serre's generalization of the Sato-Tate conjecture for motives, by expressing the construction in terms of fiber functors from the motivic category of absolute Hodge cycles into a suitable category of Hodge structures of odd weight. This extends the case of abelian varietes, which we treated in a previous paper. That description was used by Fite--Kedlaya--Rotger--Sutherland to classify Sato-Tate groups of abelian surfaces; the present description is used by Fite--Kedlaya--Sutherland to make a similar classification for certain motives of weight 3. We also give conditions under…
Let V be an even dimensional vector space with a non degenerate quadratic form. We denote by X the variety of maximal isotropic subspaces in V (in fact one of its two connected components). In this paper, we prove the irreducibility of the scheme of degree d morphism f:C->X as soon as d is bigger than 1/2dim(V)-1. When dim(V)=10 and d=6, this result was used by A. Iliev and D. Markushevich in math.AG/0403122 to prove the irreducibility of the moduli space M_{X_12}(2,1,6) where X_{12} is the Fano threefold of index 1 and degree 12.
Let A be an abelian variety of dimension g defined over a number field K. We study the size of the torsion group A(F)_{tors} where F/K is a finite extension and more precisely we study the possible exponent γin the inequality Card(A(F)_{tors})<< [F:K]^γ when F is any extension of K. In the C.M. case we give an exact formula for the best possible exponent in terms of the characters of the Mumford-Tate group--a torus in this case--and discuss briefly the general case. Finally we give applications of this result in direction of a conjecture of Rémond generalising the Manin-Mumford conjecture.
Let $A/K$ be an abelian variety over a number field $K$. We prove in this article that a good lower bound (in terms of the degree $[K(P):K]$) for the Néron-Tate height of the points $P$ of infinite order modulo every strict abelian subvarieties of $A$ implies a good lower bound for the height of all the non-torsion points of $A$. In particular when $A$ is of C.M. type, a theorem of David and Hindry enables us to deduce, up to ``log'' factors, an optimal lower bound for the height of the non-torsion points of $A$. In the C.M. type case, this improves the previous result of Masser \cite{lettre}.…
This thesis is devoted to the study of geometric properties of affine algebraic varieties endowed with an action of an algebraic torus. It comes from three preprints which correspond to the indicated points (1), (2), (3). Let $X$ be an affine variety equipped with an action of the algebraic torus $\mathbb{T}$. The complexity of the $\mathbb{T}$-action on $X$ is the codimension of the general $\mathbb{T}$-orbits. Under the assumption of normality and when the ground field is algebraically closed of characteristic 0, the variety $X$ admits a combinatorial description in terms of convex geometry.…
Let $X$ be a complete symmetric variety i.e. the wonderful compactification of a symmetric $G-$homogeneous space (where $G$ is a simply-connected semi-simple linear algebraic group). If $L$ is a line bundle over $X$ and if $C$ is a Bialynicki-Birula cell of codimension $c$ in $X$, then the Lie algebra $\mathfrak g$ of $G$ operates naturally on the cohomology group with support : $H^c_C(L)$. One gives here a necessary condition on the cell $C$ for that $\mathfrak g-$module have a finite dimensional simple subquotient. As applications one calculates the Euler-Poincaré characteristic of $L$ over …
Let $A$ be an abelian variety defined over a number field $K$, the number of torsion points rational over a finite extension $L$ is bounded polynomially in terms of the degree $[L:K]$. When $A$ is isogenous to a product of simple abelian varieties of $\GSp$ type, i.e. whose Mumford-Tate group is "generic" (isomorphic to the group of symplectic similitudes) and which satisfy the Mumford-Tate conjecture, we compute the optimal exponent for this bound in terms of the dimensions of the abelian subvarieties of $A$. The result is unconditional for a product of simple abelian varieties with endomorph…
For a smooth and projective variety X over a field k of characteristic zero we prove the finiteness of the cokernel of the natural map from the Brauer group of X to the Galois-invariant subgroup of the Brauer group of the same variety over an algebraic closure of k. Under further conditions on k, e.g. over number fields, we give estimates for the order of this cokernel. ---- Soit X une variété projective et lisse sur un corps k de caractéristique zéro. Le groupe de Brauer de X s'envoie dans les invariants, sous le groupe de Galois absolu de k, du groupe de Brauer de la même variété considérée …
Motivated by an example, due to Voisin, of a smooth simply-connected projective variety with trivial canonical class and cyclic Picard group, admitting a meromorphic endomorphism of high degree, we study meromorphic fibrations on certain varieties with trivial canonical class. We show (theorem 2.1) that any nontrivial meromorphic fibration of a variety with trivial canonical class and cyclic Picard group is in varieties of general type. Therefore, Voisin's endomorphism cannot preserve a fibration, at least in the generic case. As this example is symplectic, we study meromorphic fibrations on s…
We use a result of van Geemen to determine the endomorphism algebra of the Kuga--Satake variety of a K3 surface with real multiplication. This is applied to prove the Hodge conjecture for self-products of double covers of $\PP^2$ which are ramified along six lines.
We prove a new inequality for the Hodge number h^1,1 of irregular complex smooth projective surfaces of general type without irregular pencils of genus >1. More specifically we show that if the irregularity q satisfies q=2^k+1 then h^1,1>4q-4.
We get a new inequality on the Hodge number $h^{1,1}(S)$ of fibred algebraic complex surfaces $S$, which is a generalization of an inequality of Beauville. Our inequality implies the Arakelov type inequalities due to Arakelov, Faltings, Viehweg and Zuo, respectively.
The main subject of study in this paper is the Noether-Lefschetz locus for Beilinson-Hodge cycles on the complement of the union of hyperplane sections in a surface in $\Bbb P^3$. We give an analogue of the result by M.Green and C.Voisin on the maximal components in the Noether-Lefschetz locus.
The purpose of this work is to geometrize the notion of mixed Hodge structure. Therefore, we associate equivariant vector bundles on the projective plane to trifiltered vector spaces. Making this Rees construction with filtrations arising from mixed Hodge structures gives an equivalence of categories between the category of mixed Hodge structures and a category of equivariant vector bundles on ${\bf P}^{2}_{\bf C}$ that are semistable for a semistability condition with respect to a divisor. Using this dictionary we can recover geometrically some properties of mixed Hodge structures like the ab…
We prove that there exists a pencil of Enriques surfaces defined over $\mathbb{Q}$ with non-algebraic integral Hodge classes of non-torsion type. This gives the first example of a threefold with the trivial Chow group of zero-cycles on which the integral Hodge conjecture fails. As an application, we construct a fourfold which gives the negative answer to a classical question of Murre on the universality of the Abel-Jacobi maps in codimension three.
We prove that given any rational Hodge isometry $ψ:H^2(S_1,\mathbb{Q})\rightarrow H^2(S_2,\mathbb{Q})$ between any two Kähler $K3$ surfaces $S_1$ and $S_2$ the cohomology class of $ψ$ in $H^{2,2}(S_1\times S_2)$ is a polynomial in Chern classes of coherent analytic sheaves over $S_1 \times S_2$. Consequently, the cohomology class of $ψ$ is algebraic whenever $S_1$ and $S_2$ are algebraic.
The Hodge theory of complex algebraic varieties is at heart a transcendental comparison of two algebraic structures. We survey the recent advances bounding this transcendence, mainly due to the introduction of o- minimal geometry as a natural framework for Hodge theory.
We review Hodge structures, relating filtrations, Galois Theory and Jordan-Holder structures. The prototypical case of periods of Riemann surfaces is compared with the Galois-Artin framework of algebraic numbers.
The Hodge conjecture is a major open problem in complex algebraic geometry. In this survey, we discuss the main cases where the conjecture is known, and also explain an approach by Griffiths-Green to solve the problem.
If $X$ is a smooth projective variety over ${\mathbb R}$, the Hodge ${\mathcal D}$-conjecture of Beilinson asserts the surjectivity of the regulator map to Deligne cohomology with real coefficients. It is known to be false in general but is true in some special cases like Abelian surfaces and $K3$-surfaces - and still expected to be true when the variety is defined over a number field. We prove an analogue of this for Abelian surfaces at a non-Archimedean place where the surface has bad reduction. Here the Deligne cohomology is replaced by a certain Chow group of the special fibre. The case of…
The reduction of Siegel varieties modulo a prime number p is stratified by the multiplicative rank of the p-divisible group of the universal abelian variety. For r\geq 0 the maximal multiplicative subgroup of the restriction of the p-torsion group of the universal abelian variety to the r-th stratum lifts canonically to the tube of this stratum and defines a partial canonical subgroup of rank r. We prove that this subgroup extends in a finite flat way on some strict neighborhood of the tube. On the ordinary stratum and on its neighborhood, we recover the usual canonical subgroup considered by …
Let $n$ be a positive even integer and $d$ a positive integer . To every complete family $Z$ of n dimensional degree d hypersurfaces in the projective space with isolated A-D-E singularities we construct according to an idea of Carlson-Toledo a Deligne-Mumford stack $\bar Z$ whose moduli space is $Z$ such that the monodromy representation extends. We study the corresponding periods mapping and establish an infinitesimal Torelli theorem along the isosingular strata of lZ$ under transversality assumptions. We apply this result to prove Steiness of the universal covering space of $\bar Z$.
Let X be a smooth and proper variety over a number field k. Conjectures on the image of the Chow group of zero-cycles of X in the product of the corresponding groups over all completions of k were put forward by Colliot-Thélène, Kato and Saito. We prove these conjectures for the total space of fibrations, over curves with finite Tate-Shafarevich group, into rationally connected varieties which satisfy weak approximation, under an abelianness assumption on the singular fibers. ---- Soit X une variété propre et lisse sur un corps de nombres k. Des conjectures sur l'image du groupe de Chow des zé…
This is a survey of some recent developments in the study of singularities related to the classification theory of algebraic varieties. In particular, the definition and basic properties of Du Bois singularities and their connections to the more commonly known singularities of the minimal model program are reviewed and discussed.
We prove the equidistribution of the Hodge locus for certain non-isotrivial, polarized variations of Hodge structure of weight $2$ with $h^{2,0}=1$ over complex, quasi-projective curves. Given some norm condition, we also give an asymptotic on the growth of the Hodge locus. In particular, this implies the equidistribution of elliptic fibrations in quasi-polarized, non-isotrivial families of $K3$ surfaces.
