Let $M^4$ be a smooth compact manifold with a free circle action generated by a vector field $X.$ Then for any invariant symplectic form $ω$ on $M$ the contracted form $ι_X ω$ is nondegenerate. Using the map $ω--> ι_X ω$ and the related map to $H^1(M / S^1, R)$ we study the topology of the space $S_{inv}$ of invariant symplectic forms. In particular we give a description of $π_0 S_{inv}(M^4)$ in terms of the unit Thurston ball.
We construct a 6-manifold M which admits a smooth circle action and a symplectic form w such that if w' is another symplectic form on M equivalent to w, then (M,w') does not admit a symplectic circle action.
Let $M$ be a closed Fano symplectic manifold with a semifree Hamiltonian circle action with isolated maximum. We compute the Gromov width and the Hofer-Zehnder capacity of $M$ using a moment map.
Let $(X,σ,J)$ be a compact Kähler Calabi-Yau manifold equipped with a symplectic circle action. By Frankel's theorem \cite{F}, the action on $X$ is non-Hamiltonian and $X$ does not have any fixed point. In this paper, we will show that a symplectic circle action on a compact non-Kähler symplectic Calabi-Yau manifold may have a fixed point. More precisely, we will show that the symplectic $S^1$-manifold constructed by D. McDuff \cite{McD} has the vanishing first Chern class. This manifold has the Betti numbers $b_1 = 3$, $b_2 = 8$, and $b_3 = 12$. In particular, it does not admit any Kähler str…
A manifold obtained by k simultaneous symplectic blow-ups of CP^2 of equal sizes epsilon (where the size of CP^1 \subset CP^2 is one) admits an effective two dimensional torus action if k <= 3 and admits an effective circle action if (k-1)epsilon < 1. We show that these bounds are sharp if 1/epsilon is an integer.
Consider a symplectic circle action on a closed symplectic manifold with non-empty isolated fixed points. Associated to each fixed point, there are well-defined non-zero integers, called weights. We prove that the action is Hamiltonian if the sum of an odd number of weights is never equal to zero (the weights may be taken at different fixed points). Moreover, we show that if $\dim M=6$, or if $\dim M=2n \leq 10$ and each fixed point has weights $\{\pm a_1, \cdots, \pm a_n\}$ for some positive integers $a_i$, it is enough to consider the sum of three weights. As applications, we recover the res…
We present some methods to construct smooth circle actions on symplectic manifolds with non-symplectic fixed point sets or non-symplectic cyclic isotropy point sets. All such actions are not compatible with any symplectic form.
We complete the classification of Hamiltonian torus and circle actions on symplectic four-dimensional manifolds. Following work of Delzant and Karshon, Hamiltonian circle and 2-torus actions on any fixed simply connected symplectic four-manifold were characterized by Karshon, Kessler and Pinsonnault. What remains is to study the case of Hamiltonian actions on blowups of S^2-bundles over a Riemann surface of positive genus. These do not admit 2-torus actions. In this paper, we characterize Hamiltonian circle actions on them. We then derive combinatorial results on the existence and counting of …
Let $(M,ω_M)$ be a six dimensional closed monotone symplectic manifold admitting an effective semifree Hamiltonian $S^1$-action. We show that if the minimal (or maximal) fixed component of the action is an isolated point, then $(M,ω_M)$ is $S^1$-equivariant symplectomorphic to some Kähler Fano manifold $(X,ω_X, J)$ with a certain holomorphic $\mathbb{C}^*$-action. We also give a complete list of all such Fano manifolds and describe all semifree $\mathbb{C}^*$-actions on them specifically.
We show that recent results of Friedl-Vidussi and Chen imply that a symplectic manifold admits a fixed point free circle action if and only if it admits a symplectic circle action and we give a complete description of the symplectic cone in this case. This then completes the characterisation of symplectic 4-manifolds that admit non-trivial circle actions.
Let $(M, ω)$ be a connected, compact 6-dimensional symplectic manifold equipped with a semi-free Hamiltonian $S^1$ action such that the fixed point set consists of isolated points or surfaces. Assume dim $H^2(M)<3$, in \cite{L}, we defined a certain invariant of such spaces which consists of fixed point data and twist type, and we divided the possible values of these invariants into six ``types''. In this paper, we construct such manifolds with these ``types''. As a consequence, we have a precise list of the values of these invariants.
Let $M$ be a symplectic manifold, equipped with a semifree symplectic circle action with a finite, nonempty fixed point set. We show that the circle action must be Hamiltonian, and $M$ must have the equivariant cohomology and Chern classes of $(P^1)^n$.
The purpose of this article is to characterize symplectic and Hamiltonian circle actions on symplectic manifolds in terms of symplectic embeddings of Riemann surfaces. More precisely, we will show that (1) if $(M,ω)$ admits a Hamiltonian $S^1$-action, then there exists an $S^1$-invariant symplectic $2$-sphere $S$ in $(M,ω)$ such that $\langle c_1(M), [S] \rangle > 0$, and (2) if the action is non-Hamiltonian, then there exists an $S^1$-invariant symplectic $2$-torus $T$ in $(M,ω)$ such that $\langle c_1(M), [T] \rangle = 0$. As applications, we will give a very simple proof of the following we…
In this paper, we consider Sjamaar's holomorphic slice theorem, the birational equivalence theorem of Guillemin and Sternberg, and a number of important standard constructions that work for Hamiltonian circle actions in both the symplectic category and the Kähler category: reduction, cutting, and blow-up. In each case, we show that the theory extends to Hamiltonian circle actions on complex manifolds with tamed symplectic forms. (At least, the theory extends if the fixed points are isolated.) Our main motivation for this paper is that the first author needs the machinery that we develop here t…
We give examples of symplectic actions of a cyclic group, inducing a trivial action on homology, on four-manifolds that admit Hamiltonian circle actions, and show that they do not extend to Hamiltonian circle actions. Our work applies holomorphic methods to extend combinatorial tools developed for circle actions to study cyclic actions.
In this paper, we complete the classification of six-dimensional closed monotone symplectic manifolds admitting semifree Hamiltonian $S^1$-actions. We also show that every such manifold is $S^1$-equivariantly symplectomorphic to some Käahler Fano manifold with a certain holomorphic Hamiltonian circle action.
We consider circle bundles over compact three-manifolds with symplectic total spaces. We show that the base of such a space must be irreducible or the product of the two-sphere with the circle. We then deduce that such a bundle admits a symplectic form if and only if it admits one that is invariant under the circle action in three special cases: namely if the base is Seifert fibered, has vanishing Thurston norm, or if the total space admits a Lefschetz fibration.
In this article we are concerned with how to compute the cohomology ring of a symplectic quotient by a circle action using the information we have about the cohomology of the original manifold and some data at the fixed point set of the action. Our method is based on the Tolman-Weitsman theorem which gives a characterization of the kernel of the Kirwan map. First we compute a generating set for the kernel of the Kirwan map for the case of product of compact connected manifolds such that the cohomology ring of each of them is generated by a degree two class. We assume the fixed point set is iso…
We prove that closed symplectic four-manifolds do not admit any smooth free circle actions with contractible orbits, without assuming that the actions preserve the symplectic forms. In higher dimensions such actions by symplectomorphisms do exist, and we give explicit examples based on a construction of Fernandez, Gray and Morgan. We also prove that the only compact complex surfaces admitting free circle actions with contractible orbits are primary Hopf surfaces.
The content of this unpublished paper is subsumed in successive work of the authors, in particular arXiv:1102.0820, arXiv:1102.0821 and arXiv:1205.2434.
We calculate the Riemann-Roch number of some of the pentagon spaces defined in [Klyachko,Kapovich-Millson,HK1]. Using this, we show that while the regular pentagon space is diffeomorphic to a toric variety, even symplectomorphic to one under arbitrarily small perturbations of its symplectic structure, it does not admit a symplectic circle action. In particular, within the cohomology classes of symplectic structures, the subset admitting a circle action is not closed.
We derive a complete asymptotic expansion of generalized Witten integrals for Hamiltonian circle actions on arbitrary symplectic manifolds, characterizing the coefficients in the expansion as integrals over the symplectic strata of the corresponding Marsden-Weinstein reduced space and distributions on the Lie algebra. The obtained coefficients involve singular contributions of the lower-dimensional strata related to numerical invariants of the fixed-point set.
We prove that a compact 4-manifold which supports a circle-invariant fat SO(3)-bundle is diffeomorphic to either S^4 or CP^2-bar. The proof involves studying the resulting Hamiltonian circle action on an associated symplectic 6-manifold. Applying our result to the twistor bundle of Riemannian 4-manifolds shows that S^4 and CP^2-bar are the only 4-manifolds admitting circle-invariant metrics solving a certain curvature inequality. This can be seen as an analogue of Hsiang-Kliener's theorem that only S^4 and CP^2 admit circle-invariant metrics of positive sectional curvature.
Assume $(M, ω)$ is a connected, compact 6 dimensional symplectic manifold equipped with a semi-free Hamiltonian circle action, such that the fixed point set consists of isolated points or compact orientable surfaces. We restrict attention to the case $\dim$ $H^2(M)<3$. We give a complete list of the possible manifolds, determine their equivariant cohomology ring and equivariant Chern classes. Some of these manifolds are classified up to diffeomorphism. We also show the existence for a few cases.
A generalized moment map is proposed for arbitrary symplectic actions of compact connected Lie groups on closed symplectic manifolds, in the spirit of the circle -valued maps introduced by D. McDuff in the case of non-Hamiltonian circle actions. We study equivariance properties of generalized moments, show that they allow reduction procedures, and obtain in the torus case a version of the Atiyah-Guillemin-Sternberg convexity theorem. As illustration, we reformulate a proof of M.K. Kim that "complexity one" symplectic torus actions are Hamiltonian, and give a symplectic proof of the finiteness …
Let $M$ be a closed 4-manifold with a free circle action. If the orbit manifold $N^3$ satisfies an appropriate fibering condition, then we show how to represent a cone in $H^2(M;\R)$ by symplectic forms. This generalizes earlier constructions by Thurston, Bouyakoub and Fernández-Gray-Morgan. In the case that $M$ is the product 4-manifold $S^1\times N$ our construction complements the results of \cite{FV08} (arXiv:0805:1234 [math.GT]) and allows us to completely determine the symplectic cone of such 4-manifolds. The content of this paper partly overlaps with the content of the unpublished prepr…
We prove that when $d>2$, a $d$-dimensional symplectic quotient at the zero level of a unitary circle representation $V$ such that $V^{\Sp^1}=\{0\}$ cannot be $\Z$-graded regularly symplectomorphic to the quotient of a unitary representations of a finite group.
Consider a Hamiltonian circle action on a closed $8$-dimensional symplectic manifold $M$ with exactly five fixed points, which is the smallest possible fixed set. In their paper, L. Godinho and S. Sabatini show that if $M$ satisfies an extra "positivity condition" then the isotropy weights at the fixed points of $M$ agree with those of some linear action on $\mathbb{CP}^4$. Therefore, the (equivariant) cohomology rings and the (equivariant) Chern classes of $M$ and $\mathbb{CP}^4$ agree; in particular, $H^*(M;\mathbb{Z}) \simeq \mathbb{Z}[y]/y^5$ and $c(TM) = (1+y)^5$. In this paper, we prove …
We describe families of monotone symplectic manifolds constructed via the symplectic cutting procedure of Lerman from the cotangent bundle of manifolds endowed with a free circle action. We also give obstructions to the monotone Lagrangian embedding of some compact manifolds in these symplectic manifolds.
We consider paths of Hamiltonian diffeomorphism preserving a given compact monotone Lagrangian in a symplectic manifold that extend to an $S^1$--Hamiltonian action. We compute the leading term of the associated Lagrangian Seidel element. We show that such paths minimize the Lagrangian Hofer length. Finally we apply these computations to Lagrangian uniruledness and to give a nice presentation of the Quantum cohomology of real lagrangians in Fano symplectic toric manifolds.
Following the idea of Lusztig, Atiyah-Hirzebruch and Kosniowski, we note that the Dolbeault-type operators on compact, almost-complex manifolds are rigid. When the circle action has isolated fixed points, this rigidity result will produce many identities concerning the weights on the fixed points. In particular, it gives a criterion to detemine whether or not a symplectic circle action with isolated fixed points is Hamiltonian. As applications, we simplify the proofs of some known results related to symplectic circle actions, due to Godinho, Tolman-Weitsman and Pelayo-Tolman, and generalize so…
Let $(M,ω)$ be a ruled symplectic four-manifold. If $(M, ω)$ is rational, then every homologically trivial symplectic cyclic action on $(M,ω)$ is the restriction of a Hamiltonian circle action.
Scattering symplectic manifolds are (closed) manifolds with a mildly degenerate Poisson structure. In particular they can be viewed as symplectic structures on a Lie algebroid which is almost everywhere isomorphic to the tangent bundle. In this paper we prove that all scattering symplectic manifolds arise as glueings of weak symplectic fillings of contact manifolds, and all pairs of weak symplectic fillings with matching boundaries can be glued to a scattering symplectic manifold.
We study generators of the fundamental group of the group of symplectomorphisms $\mathrm{Symp}({\mathbb C\mathbb P}^2\#\,5\overline{\mathbb C\mathbb P}\,\!^2, ω)$ for some particular symplectic forms. It was observed by J. Kȩdra that there are many symplectic 4-manifolds $(M, ω)$, where $M$ is neither rational nor ruled, that admit no circle action and $π_1 (\mathrm{Ham} (M,ω))$ is nontrivial. On the other hand, it follows from previous results that the fundamental group of the group $\mathrm{Symp}_h({\mathbb C\mathbb P}^2\#\,k\,\overline{\mathbb C\mathbb P}\,\!^2, ω)$, of symplectomorphisms t…
We study symplectic surfaces in ruled symplectic 4-manifolds which are disjoint from a given symplectic section. As a consequence we see that, in any symplectic 4-manifold, two homologous symplectic surfaces which are sufficiently C^0 close must be Hamiltonian isotopic.
We give elementary proofs of two `folklore' assertions about near-symplectic forms on four-manifolds: that any such form can be modified, by an evolutionary process taking place within a finite set of balls, so as to have a prescribed positive number of zero-circles; and that, on a closed manifold, the number of zero-circles for which the splitting of the normal bundle is trivial has the same parity as 1+b_1+b_2^+.
Let $(M, ω)$ be a 6-dimensional closed symplectic manifold with a symplectic $S^1$-action with $M^{S^1} \neq \emptyset$ and $\dim M^{S^1} \leq 2$. Assume that $ω$ is integral with a generalized moment map $μ$. We first prove that the action is Hamiltonian if and only if $b_2^+(M_{\red})=1$, where $M_{\red}$ is any reduced space with respect to $μ$. It means that if the action is non-Hamiltonian, then $b_2^+(M_{\red}) \geq 2$. Secondly, we focus on the case when the action is semifree and Hamiltonian. We prove that if $M^{S^1}$ consists of surfaces, then the number $k$ of fixed surfaces with po…
Let $(M,ω_M)$ be a six dimensional closed monotone symplectic manifold admitting an effective semifree Hamiltonian $S^1$-action. We show that $(M,ω_M)$ is $S^1$-equivariant symplectomorphic to some Kähler Fano manifold $(X,ω_X, J)$ with a certain holomorphic $\mathbb{C}^*$-action. We also give a complete list of all such Fano manifolds and describe all semifree $\mathbb{C}^*$-actions on them specifically.
This is an expanded version of the talk given be the first author at the conference "Topology, Geometry, and Dynamics: Rokhlin - 100". The purpose of this talk was to explain our current results on classification of rational symplectic 4-manifolds equipped with an anti-symplectic involution. Detailed exposition will appear elsewhere.
We define a symplectic structure on the space of non parametrized loops in $G_2$ manifold. We also develop some basics of intersection theory of Lagrangian submanifolds.
Given a smooth, closed, oriented 4-manifold X and alpha in H_2(X,Z) such that alpha.alpha > 0, a closed 2-form w is constructed, Poincare dual to alpha, which is symplectic on the complement of a finite set of unknotted circles. The number of circles, counted with sign, is given by d = (c_1(s)^2 -3sigma(X) -2chi(X))/4, where s is a certain spin^C structure naturally associated to w.
Let $(M,ω_M)$ be a six dimensional closed monotone symplectic manifold admitting an effective semifree Hamiltonian $S^1$-action. We show that if the maximal and the minimal fixed component are both two dimensional, then $(M,ω_M)$ is $S^1$-equivariantly symplectomorphic to some Kähler Fano manifold $(X, ω_X, J)$ equipped with a certain holomorphic Hamiltonian $S^1$-action. We also give a complete list of all such Fano manifolds together with an explicit description of the corresponding $S^1$-actions.
Given an ascending sequence of weak symplectic Banach manifolds on which the Darboux theorem is true, we can ask about conditions under which the Darboux Theorem is also true on the direct limit. We will show in general, without very strong conditions, the answer is negative. In particular we give an example of an ascending weak symplectic Banach manifolds on which the Darboux Theorem is true but not on the direct limit. In a second part, we illustrate this discussion in the context of an ascending sequences of Sobolev manifolds of loops in symplectic finite dimensional manifolds. This context…
A Poisson manifold $(M^{2n},\p)$ is $b$-symplectic if $\bigwedge^n\p$ is transverse to the zero section. In this paper we apply techniques native to Symplectic Topology to address questions pertaining to $b$-symplectic manifolds. We provide constructions of $b$-symplectic structures on open manifolds by Gromov's $h$-principle, and of $b$-symplectic manifolds with a prescribed singular locus, by means of surgeries.
Product Lagrangian tori in standard symplectic space $R^{2n}$ were classified up to symplectomorphism in [Che96]. We extend this classification to tame symplectically aspherical symplectic manifolds. We show by examples that the asphericity assumption cannot be omitted.
Let $(X,\om)$ be a symplectic manifold and $L$ be a Lagrangian submanifold diffeomorphic to $S^n$, $\R¶^n$, or a Lens space of a certain type. Using the symplectic cut and symplectic sum constructions, we express the open Gromov-Witten invariants of $(X,L)$ in terms of open Gromov-Witten invariants of a pair $(X_-,L)$ determined by $L$ and the standard Gromov-Witten invariants of a symplectic manifold $X_+$ determined by $(X,L)$. We also describe other applications of this approach.
Let the circle act symplectically on a compact, connected symplectic manifold $M$. If there are exactly three fixed points, $M$ is equivariantly symplectomorphic to $\mathbb{CP}^2$.
Given a symplectic manifold, we ask in how many different ways can a torus act on it. Classification theorems in equivariant symplectic geometry can sometimes tell that two Hamiltonian torus actions are inequivalent, but often they do not tell whether the underlying symplectic manifolds are (non-equivariantly) symplectomorphic. For two dimensional torus actions on closed symplectic four-manifolds, we reduce the counting question to combinatorics, by expressing the manifold as a symplectic blowup in a way that is compatible with all the torus actions simultaneously. For this we use the theory o…
Let $S^1$ act on a symplectic manifold in a Hamiltonian fashion with momentum map $Ψ$. Fix a value $a$ of $Ψ$. There is a question of whether the symplectic quotient at $a$ is diffeomorphic to the orbit space of some proper Lie group action. We prove under mild assumptions that this only occurs if the symplectic quotient is diffeomorphic to an effective orbifold. This, in turn, only occurs if $a$ is a regular value, or there is at most one positive weight or at most one negative weight.
The paper deals with relations between the Hard Lefschetz property, (non)vanishing of Massey products and the evenness of odd-degree Betti numbers of closed symplectic manifolds. It is known that closed symplectic manifolds can violate all these properties (in contrast with the case of Kaehler manifolds). However, the relations between such homotopy properties seem to be not analyzed. This analysis may shed a new light on topology of symplectic manifolds. In the paper, we summarize our knowledge in tables (different in the simply-connected and in symplectically aspherical cases). Also, we disc…
We give a complete characterization of Hamiltonian actions of compact Lie groups on exact symplectic manifolds with proper momentum maps. We deduce that every Hamiltonian action of a compact Lie group on a contractible symplectic manifold with a proper momentum map is globally linearizable.
In this paper we classify symplectic Lefschetz fibrations (with empty base locus) on a four-manifold which is the product of a three-manifold with a circle. This result provides further evidence in support of the following conjecture regarding symplectic structures on such a four-manifold: if the product of a three-manifold with a circle admits a symplectic structure, then the three-manifold must fiber over a circle, and up to a self-diffeomorphism of the four-manifold, the symplectic structure is deformation equivalent to the canonical symplectic structure determined by the fibration of the t…
