We consider the C*-algebras O_2^q and A_2^q generated, respectively, by isometries s_1, s_2 satisfying the relation s_1^* s_2 = q s_2 s_1^* with |q| < 1 (the deformed Cuntz relation), and by isometries s_1, s_2 satisfying the relation s_2 s_1 = q s_1 s_2 with |q| = 1. We show that O_2^q is isomorphic to the Cuntz-Toeplitz C*-algebra O_2^0 for any |q| < 1. We further prove that A_2^{q_1} is isomorphic to A_2^{q_2} if and only if either q_1 = q_2 or q_1 = complex conjugate of q_2. In the second part of our paper, we discuss the complexity of the representation theory of A_2^q. We show that A_2^q is *-wild for any q in the circle |q| = 1, and hence that A_2^q is not nuclear for any q in the circle.
In this paper, we obtain a complete description of the class of n-tuples (n >= 2) of doubly commuting isometries. In particular, we present a several variables analogue of the Wold decomposition for isometries on Hilbert spaces. Our main result is a generalization of M. Slocinski's Wold-type decomposition of a pair of doubly commuting isometries.
The goal of the paper is to study the structure of the k-tuples of doubly $Λ$-commuting row isometries and the $C^*$-algebras they generate from the point of view of noncommutative multivariable operator theory. We obtain Wold decompositions, in this setting, and use them to classify the $k$-tuples of doubly $Λ$-commuting row isometries up to a unitary equivalence. We introduce a universal model in this setting, describe its invariant subspaces, and develop a dilation theory on $Λ$-polyballs.
We present an explicit version of Berger, Coburn and Lebow's classification result for pure pairs of commuting isometries in the sense of an explicit recipe for constructing pairs of commuting isometric multipliers with precise coefficients. We describe a complete set of (joint) unitary invariants and compare the Berger, Coburn and Lebow's representations with other natural analytic representations of pure pairs of commuting isometries. Finally, we study the defect operators of pairs of commuting isometries.
We give a new formulation and proof of a theorem of Halmos and Wallen on the structure of power partial isometries on Hilbert space. We then use this theorem to give a structure theorem for a finite set of partial isometries which star-commute: each operator commutes with the others and with their adjoints.
In this paper, motivated by the Berger, Coburn and Lebow and Bercovici, Douglas and Foias theory for tuples of commuting isometries, we study analytic representations and joint invariant subspaces of a class of commuting $n$-isometries and prove that the $C^*$-algebra generated by the $n$-shift restricted to an invariant subspace of finite codimension in $H^2(\mathbb{D}^n)$ is unitarily equivalent to the $C^*$-algebra generated by the $n$-shift on $H^2(\mathbb{D}^n)$.
For $C^*$-algebra generated by a finite family of isometries $s_j$, $j=1,\dots,d$ satisfying $q_{ij}$-commutation relations \[ s_j^* s_j = I, \quad s_j^* s_k = q_{ij}s_ks_j^*, \qquad q_{ij} = \bar q_{ji}, |q_{ij}|<1, \ 1\le i \ne j \le d, \] we construct an infinite family of unitarily non-equivalent irreducible representations. These representations are deformations of the corresponding class of representations of the Cuntz algebra $\mathcal O_d$.
Słociński gave sufficient conditions for commuting isometries to have a nice Wold-like decomposition. In this note we provide analogous results for row-isometries satisfying certain commutation relations. Other than known results for doubly-commuting row-isometries, we provide sufficient condtions for a Wold decomposition based on the Lebesgue decomposition of the row-isometries.
We classify tuples of (not necessarily commuting) isometries that admit von Neumann-Wold decomposition. We introduce the notion of twisted isometries for tuples of isometries and prove the existence of orthogonal decomposition for such tuples. The former classification is partially inspired by a result that was observed more than three decades ago by Gaspar and Suciu. And the latter result generalizes Popovici's orthogonal decompositions for pairs of commuting isometries to general tuples of twisted isometries which also includes the case of tuples of commuting isometries. Our results unify al…
It is known that the non-zero part of compact defect operators of Berger-Coburn-Lebow pairs (BCL pairs in short) of isometries are diagonal operators of the form \[ \begin{bmatrix} I_1 & & & \\ & D & & \\ & & - I_2 & \\ & & & - D \\ \end{bmatrix}, \] where $I_1$ and $I_2$ are the identity operators and $D$ is a positive contractive diagonal operator. We discuss the question of constructing an irreducible BCL pair from a diagonal operator of the above type. The answer to this question is sometimes in the affirmative and sometimes in the negative. This also answers a part of the question raised …
We define four 3x3 commuting contractions which do not dilate to commuting isometries. However they do satisfy the scalar von Neumann inequality. These matrices are all nilpotent of order 2. We also show that any three $3\times3$ commuting contractions which are scalar plus nilpotent of order 2 do dilate to commuting isometries.
A family $\{T_j\}_{j\in J}$ of commuting Hilbert space operators is said to be a spherical isometry if $\sum_{j\in J}T^*_jT_j=1$ in the weak operator topology. We show that every commuting family $\Cal F$ of spherical isometries has a commuting normal extension $\hat{\Cal F}$. Moreover, if $\hat{\Cal F}$ is minimal, then there exists a natural short exact sequence $0\to\Cal C\to C^*(\Cal F)\to C^*(\hat{\Cal F})\to 0$ with a completely isometric cross-section, where $\Cal C$ is the commutator ideal in $C^*(\Cal F)$. We also show that the space of Toeplitz operators associated to $\Cal F$ is com…
We establish a Wold-type decomposition for isometric and isometric Nica-covariant representations of the odometer semigroup. These generalize the Wold-type decomposition for commuting pairs of isometries due to Popovici and for pairs of doubly commuting isometries due to Słociński.
Three canonical decompositions concerning commuting pair of isometries, power partial isometries, and contractions are reassessed. They have already been proved in von Neumann algebras. In the corresponding proofs, both norm and weak operator topologies are heavily involved. Ignoring topological structures, we give an algebraic approach to obtain them in the larger category of Baer $*$-rings.
We prove that every surjective isometry between the unit spheres of two von Neumann algebras admits a unique extension to a surjective real linear isometry between these two algebras.
In this article we show that positive surjective isometries between symmetric spaces associated with semi-finite von Neumann algebras are projection disjointness preserving if they are finiteness preserving. This is subsequently used to obtain a structural description of such isometries. Furthermore, it is shown that if the initial symmetric space is a strongly symmetric space with absolutely continuous norm, then a similar structural description can be obtained without requiring positivity of the isometry.
In this article we characterize the extreme points of the unit ball of a non-commutative (quantum) Lorentz space associated with a semi-finite von Neumann algebra. This enables us to show that surjective isometries between non-commutative Lorentz spaces are projection disjointness preserving and finiteness preserving, which facilitates a characterization of the structure of these isometries.
We investigate surjective isometries between projection lattices of two von Neumann algebras. We show that such a mapping is characterized by means of Jordan $^*$-isomorphisms. In particular, we prove that two von Neumann algebras without type I$_1$ direct summands are Jordan $^*$-isomorphic if and only if their projection lattices are isometric. Our theorem extends the recent result for type I factors by G.P. Gehér and P. Šemrl, which is a generalization of Wigner's theorem.
We examine the structure of two possible candidates of isometry groups for the spectral triples on $AF$-algebras introduced by Christensen and Ivan. In particular, we completely determine the isometry group introduced by Park, and observe that these groups coincide in the case of the Cantor set. We also show that the construction of spectral triples on crossed products given by Hawkins, Skalski, White and Zacharias, is suitable for the purpose of lifting isometries.
We consider a condition for non-degenerate commuting squares of matrix algebras (finite dimensional von Neumann algebras) called the \emph{span condition}, which in the case of the $n$-dimensional standard spin models is shown to be satisfied if and only if $n$ is prime. We prove that the commuting squares satisfying the span condition are isolated among all commuting squares (modulo isomorphisms). In particular, they are finiteley many for any fixed dimension. Also, we give a conceptual proof of previous constructions of certain one-parameter families of biunitaries.
We prove some structure results for isometries between noncommutative Lp spaces associated to von Neumann algebras. We find that an isometry T: Lp(M_1) to Lp(M_2) (1 le p < infty, p not 2) can be canonically expressed in a certain simple form whenever M_1 has variants of Watanabe's extension property. Conversely, this form always defines an isometry provided that M_1 is "approximately semifinite" (defined below). Although neither of these properties is fully understood, we show that they are enjoyed by all semifinite algebras and hyperfinite algebras (with no summand of type I_2), plus others.…
Given locally compact quantum groups $\G_1$ and $\G_2$, we show that if the convolution algebras $L^1(\G_1)$ and $L^1(\G_2)$ are isometrically isomorphic as algebras, then $\G_1$ is isomorphic either to $\G_2$ or the commutant $\G_2'$. Furthermore, given an isometric algebra isomorphism $θ:L^1(\G_2) \rightarrow L^1(\G_1)$, the adjoint is a *-isomorphism between $L^\infty(\G_1)$ and either $L^\infty(\G_2)$ or its commutant, composed with a twist given by a member of the intrinsic group of $L^\infty(\G_2)$. This extends known results for Kac algebras (although our proofs are somewhat different) …
In this work it is proved that the Moore-Penrose inverse of the product of $n$-doubly commuting regular $C^*$-algebra elements obeys the so-called reverse order law. Conversely, conditions regarding the reverse order law of the Moore-Penrose inverse are given in order to characterize when $n$-regular elements doubly commute. Furthermore, applications of the main results of this article to normal $C^*$-algebra elements, to Hilbert space operators and to Calkin algebras will be considered.
Let ${\cal O}_{{\cal H}^{A,B}_κ}$ be the $C^*$-algebra associated with the Hilbert $C^*$-quad module arising from commuting matrices $A,B$ with entries in $\{0,1\}$. We will show that if the associated tiling space $X_{A,B}^κ$ is transitive, the $C^*$-algebra ${\cal O}_{{\cal H}^{A,B}_κ}$ is simple and purely infinite. In particulr, for two positive integers $N,M$, the $K$-groups of the simple purely infinite $C^*$-algebra ${\cal O}_{{\cal H}^{[N],[M]}_κ}$ are computed by using the Euclidean algorithm.
We prove that unital surjective spectral isometries on certain non-simple unital C*-algebras are Jordan isomorphisms. Along the way, we establish several general facts in the setting of semisimple Banach algebras.
We give various characterizations of into (not necessarily onto) complete isometries between $C^*$-algebras, generalizing a classical result of Holsztynski. Our results are related to a natural embedding of the noncommutative Shilov boundary in a second dual.
A particular case of the fundamental Sz.-Nagy--Foias functional model for a contraction states that a pure contraction always dilates to a pure isometry. We are interested in the similar question for pairs, more precisely: does a pair of commuting pure contractions always dilate to a pair of commuting pure isometries? The purpose of this article is to identify pairs of commuting pure contractions for which the above question has an affirmative answer. Our method is based on an explicit structure of isometric dilation for pure pairs of commuting contractions obtained in a recent work by Das, Sa…
The joint Brown measure and joint Haagerup--Schultz projections for tuples of commuting operators in a von Neumann algebra equipped with a faithful tracial state are investigated, and several natural properties are proved for these. It is shown that the support of the joint Brown measure is contained in the Taylor joint spectrum of the tuple, and also in the ostensibly smaller left Harte spectrum. A simultaneous upper triangularization result for finite commuting tuples is proved and the joint Brown measure and joint Haagerup--Schultz projections are shown to be have well under the Arens multi…
Given a compact space X and two commuting continuous open surjective maps sigma_1, sigma_2 : X --> X, we construct certain C*-algebras that reflect the dynamics of the N^2-action. When the maps sigma_1, sigma_2 are local homeomorphisms, these are groupoid algebras, but in general, we will use a Cuntz-Pimsner algebra associated to a product system of Hilbert bimodules in the sense of Fowler. The motivating example for our construction is the dynamical system associated with a rank two graph by Kumjian and Pask. We consider also a two-dimensional subshift of Ledrappier, the case of two covering …
We generalize some facts about function algebras to operator algebras, using the `noncommutative Shilov boundary' or $C^*$-envelope first considered by Arveson. In the first part we study and characterize complete isometries between operator algebras. In the second part we introduce and study a notion of logmodularity for operator algebras. We also give a result on conditional expectations. Many miscellaneous applications are given.
Isometries between C$^*$-algebras with finite corank
Faculty of Engineering, Niigata University（新潟大学工学部）；Center for Interdisciplinary Theoretical and Mathematical Sciences (iTHEMS), RIKEN（理化学研究所交叉理论数学科学中心(iTHEMS)）
We give a systematic account of the various pictures of KK-theory for real C*-algebras, proving natural isomorphisms between the groups that arise from each picture. As part of this project, we develop the universal properties of KK-theory, and we use CRT-structures to prove that a natural transformation from F(A) to G(A) between homotopy equivalent, stable, half-exact functors defined on real C*-algebras is an isomorphism provided it is an isomorphism on the smaller class of C*-algebras. Finally, we develop E-theory for real C*-algebras and use that to obtain new negative results regarding th…
Institute for Advances Study in Mathematics, Harbin Institute of Technologies（哈尔滨工业大学数学前沿研究院）；Suzhou Research Institute of Harbin Institute of Technology（哈尔滨工业大学苏州研究院）；School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of New South Wales（新南威尔士大学数学与统计学院）
We study tensor products and nuclearity-related properties of the operator system $\mathcal S_n$ generated by the Cuntz isometries. By using the nuclearity of the Cuntz algebra, we can show that $\mathcal{S}_n$ is $C^*$-nuclear, and this implies a dual row contraction version of Ando's theorem characterizing operators of numerical radius 1. On the other hand, without using the nuclearity of the Cuntz algebra, we are still able to show directly this Ando type property of dual row contractions and conclude that $\mathcal{S}_n$ is $C^*$-nuclear, which yields a new proof of the nuclearity of the C…
In this paper we characterize the surjective linear variation norm isometries on JB-algebras. Variation norm isometries are precisely the maps that preserve the maximal deviation, the quantum analogue of the standard deviation, which plays an important role in quantum statistics. Consequently, we characterize the Hilbert's metric isometries on cones in JB-algebras.
We introduce the notion of π-extension of the semigroup \mathbb{Z}_+ and study the extensions of the Toeplitz algebras by isometric operators. We show that when the action of the Toeplitz algebra is irreducible all such extensions generate the same algebra, i.e. there are no non-trivial extensions of the Toeplitz algebra. Also we provide the examples of the non-trivial extensions of the Toeplitz algebra in case its representation is reducible.
A collection of partial isometries whose range and initial projections satisfy a specified set of conditions often gives rise to a partial representation of a group. The C*-algebra generated by the partial isometries is thus a quotient of the universal C*-algebra for partial representations of the group, from which it inherits a crossed product structure, of an abelian C*-algebra by a partial action of the group. Questions of faithfulness of representations, simplicity, and ideal structure of these C*-algebras can then be addressed in a unified manner from within the theory of partial actions.…
We associate to each discrete partial dynamical system a universal C*-algebra generated by partial isometries satisfying relations given by a Boolean algebra connected to the discrete partial dynamical system in question. We show that for symbolic dynamical systems like one-sided and two-sided shift spaces and topological Markov chains with an arbitrary state space the C*-algebras usually associated to them, can be obtained in this way. As a consequence of this, we will be able to show that for two-sided shift spaces having a certain property, the crossed product of the two-sided shift space i…
We consider commuting squares of finite dimensional von Neumann algebras having the algebra of complex numbers in the lower left corner. Examples include the vertex models, the spin models (in the sense of subfactor theory) and the commuting squares associated to finite dimensional Kac algebras. To any such commuting square we associate a compact Kac algebra and we compute the corresponding subfactor and its standard invariant in terms of it.
We prove that if $\mathcal{A}$ is a complex, unital semisimple Banach algebra and $\mathcal{B}$ is a complex, unital Banach algebra having a separating family of finite-dimensional irreducible representations, then any unital linear operator from $\mathcal{A}$ onto $\mathcal{B}$ which preserves the spectral radius is a Jordan morphism.
In the theory of C*-algebras, interesting noncommutative structures arise as deformations of the tensor product. For instance, the rotation algebra may be seen as a scalar twist deformation of the tensor product of the functions on the circle with itself. We deform the tensor product of two Toeplitz algebras in the same way, introducing the universal C*-algebra generated by two isometries u and v such that uv=e^{it}vu and u*v=e^{-it}vu*, for a fixed real parameter t. Since the second relation implies the first one, we also consider the universal C*-algebra generated by two isometries u and v w…
A contractive $n$-tuple $A=(A_1,...,A_n)$ has a minimal joint isometric dilation $S=(S_1,...,S_n)$ where the $S_i$'s are isometries with pairwise orthogonal ranges. This determines a representation of the Cuntz-Toeplitz algebra. When $A$ acts on a finite dimensional space, the \wot-closed nonself-adjoint algebra $\mathfrak{S}$ generated by $S$ is completely described in terms of the properties of $A$. This provides complete unitary invariants for the corresponding representations. In addition, we show that the algebra $\mathfrak{S}$ is always hyper-reflexive. In the last section, we describe s…
Given two complex Hilbert spaces $H$ and $K$, let $S(B(H))$ and $S(B(K))$ denote the unit spheres of the C$^*$-algebras $B(H)$ and $B(K)$ of all bounded linear operators on $H$ and $K$, respectively. We prove that every surjective isometry $f: S(B(K)) \to S(B(H))$ admits an extension to a surjective complex linear or conjugate linear isometry $T: B(K)\to B(H)$. This provides a positive answer to Tingley's problem in the setting of $B(H)$ spaces.
This article, addressed to a general audience of functional analysts, is intended to be an illustration of a few basic principles from `noncommutative functional analysis', more specifically the new field of {\em operator spaces.} In our illustration we show how the classical characterization of (possibly non-surjective) isometries between function algebras generalizes to operator algebras. We give some variants of this characterization, and a new proof which has some advantages.
We prove that, if the closed unit ball of a normed space $X$ has sufficiently many extreme points, then every mapping $Φ$ from $X$ into itself with the following property is affine: For any pair of points in $X$, there exists a (not necessarily linear) surjective isometry on $X$ that coincides with $Φ$ at the two points. We also consider surjectivity of such a mapping in some special cases including C$^*$-algebras.
