Aleksandr V. Pukhlikov
We prove that a general Fano fibration $π\colon V\to {\mathbb P}^1$, the fiber of which is a double Fano hypersurface of index 1, is birationally superrigid provided it is sufficiently twisted over the base. In particular, on $V$ there are no other structures of a rationally connected fibration. The proof is based on the method of maximal singularities.
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We prove birational superrigidity of Fano cyclic covers of index 1 over hypersurfaces in the projective space.
We prove that every quasi-smooth hypersurface in the 95 families of weighted Fano threefold hypersurfaces is birationally rigid.
We complete the study of birational geometry of Fano fiber spaces $π\colon V\to {\mathbb P}^1$, the fiber of which is a Fano double hypersurface of index 1. For each family of these varieties we either prove birational rigidity or produce explicitly non-trivial structures of Fano fiber spaces. A new linear method of studying movable systems on Fano fiber spaces $V/{\mathbb P}^1$ is developed.
We classify birationally rigid orbifold Fano 3-folds of index one defined by $5 \times 5$ Pfaffians. We give a sharp criterion for birational rigidity of these families based on the type of singularities that the varieties admit. Various conjectures are born out of our study, highlighting a possible approach to the classification of terminal Fano 3-folds. The birationally rigid cases are the first known rigid examples of Fanos that are not (weighted) complete intersection.
We compute global log canonical thresholds of certain birationally bi-rigid Fano 3-folds embedded in weighted projective spaces as complete intersections of codimension 2 and prove that they admit an orbifold Kähler-Einstein metric and are K-stable. As an application, we give examples of super-rigid affine Fano 4-folds.
We compute global log canonical thresholds, or equivalently alpha invariants, of birationally rigid orbifold Fano threefolds embedded in weighted projective spaces as codimension two or three. As an important application, we prove that most of them are weakly exceptional, $K$-stable and admit Kähler--Einstien metric.
We determine birational superrigidity for a quasi-smooth prime Fano 3-fold of codimension 4 with no projection centers. In particular we prove birational superrigidity for Fano 3-folds of codimension 4 with no projection centers which are recently constructed by Coughlan and Ducat. We also pose some questions and a conjecture regarding the classification of birationally superrigid Fano 3-folds.
It is proved that a general Fano hypersurface of index 1 (in the projective space) with isolated singularities of general position is birationally rigid. Therefore it cannot be fibered into uniruled varieties of a smaller dimension by a rational map. The group of birational self-maps is either trivial or cyclic of order two.
We prove that a smooth Fano hypersurface $V=V_M\subset{\Bbb P}^M$, $M\geq 6$, is birationally superrigid. In particular, it cannot be fibered into uniruled varieties by a non-trivial rational map and each birational map onto a minimal Fano variety of the same dimension is a biregular isomorphism. The proof is based on the method of maximal singularities combined with the connectedness principle of Shokurov and Koll\' ar.
A conjecture of Pukhlikov states that a smooth Fano variety of dimension at least four and index one is birationally rigid. We show that a general member of the linear system given by the ample generator of the Picard group of the moduli space of stable, rank two bundles with fixed determinant of odd degree on a curve of genus at least three, is not birationally rigid.
Birationally solid Fano 3-fold hypersurfaces
本文基于Picard数为1的Fano簇的双有理刚性定义，完成了拟光滑双有理刚性Fano 3-重加权超曲面的分类。
K-stability of birationally superrigid Fano 3-fold weighted hypersurfaces
该研究证明指数为1的拟光滑Fano三维加权超曲面的α不变量≥1/2，结合已有双有理超刚性与K-稳定性的关系结论，推导出这类双有理超刚性曲面的K-稳定性。
In this paper we prove birational rigidity of large classes of Fano-Mori fibre spaces over a base of arbitrary dimension, bounded from above by a constant that depends on the dimension of the fibre only. In order to do that, we first show that if every fibre of a Fano-Mori fibre space satisfies certain natural conditions, then every birational map onto another Fano-Mori fibre space is fibre-wise. After that we construct large classes of fibre spaces (into Fano double spaces of index one and into Fano hypersurfaces of index one) which satisfy those conditions. The paper is a follow up of my pre…
We continue to study birational geometry of Fano fibrations $π\colon V\to {\mathbb P}^1$ the fibers of which are Fano double hypersurfaces of index 1. For a majority of families of this type, which do not satisfy the condition of sufficient twistedness over the base, we prove birational rigidity (in particular, it means that there are no other structures of a fibration into rationally connected varieties) and compute their groups of birational self-maps. We considerably improve the principal components of the method of maximal singularities, in the first place, the technique of counting multip…
We give a brief survey of the concept of birational rigidity, from its origins in the two-dimensional birational geometry, to its current state. The main ingredients of the method of maximal singularities are discussed. The principal results of the theory of birational rigidity of higher-dimensional Fano varieties and fibrations are given and certain natural conjectures are formulated.
Iterating the procedure of making a double cover over a given variety, we construct large families of smooth higher-dimensional Fano varieties of index 1. These varieties can be realized as complete intersections in various weighted projective spaces. A generic variety in these families is proved to be birationally superrigid; in particular, it admits no non-trivial structures of a fibration into rationally connected (or uniruled) varieties, it is non-rational and its groups of birational and biregular self-maps coincide.
We prove that every birationally superrigid Fano variety whose alpha invariant is greater than (resp. no smaller than) $\frac{1}{2}$ is K-stable (resp. K-semistable). We also prove that the alpha invariant of a birationally superrigid Fano variety of dimension $n$ is at least $\frac{1}{n+1}$ (under mild assumptions) and that the moduli space (if exists) of birationally superrigid Fano varieties is separated.
We prove that a generic (in the sense of Zariski topology) Fano complete intersection $V$ of the type $(d_1,...,d_k)$ in ${\mathbb P}^{M+k}$, where $d_1+...+d_k=M+k$, is birationally superrigid if $M\geq 7$, $M\geq k+3$ and $\mathop{\rm max} \{d_i\}\geq 4$. In particular, on the variety $V$ there is exactly one structure of a Mori fibre space (or a rationally connected fibre space), the groups of birational and biregular self-maps coincide, $\mathop{\rm Bir} V= \mathop{\rm Aut} V$, and the variety $V$ is non-rational. This fact covers a considerably larger range of complete intersections than …
Cubic fourfolds with birational Fano varieties of lines
本文给出了几对非同构三次四重体例子，证明其 Fano 直线簇是有理等价的，为 Fourier-Mukai 伙伴猜想提供新证据，并提出三次四重体与其 Fano 直线簇有理等价性相关的猜想。
This is a continuation of a series of papers studying the birational Mori fiber structures of anticanonically embedded $\mathbb{Q}$-Fano $3$-fold weighted complete intersections of codimension $2$. We have proved that $19$ families consists of birationally rigid varieties and $14$ families consists of birationally birigid varieties. The aim of this paper is to continue the work systematically and prove that, among the remaining $52$ families, $21$ families consist of birationally birigid varieties.
Birationally rigid Fano-Mori fibre spaces
本文在纤维空间充分扭曲的条件下，证明了一类由高余维指数1 Fano完全交构成的Fano–Mori纤维空间的双有理刚性，并给出基维数仅依赖于纤维维数的上界估计。
We prove birational superrigidity of generic Fano complete intersections $V$ of type $2^{k_1}\cdot 3^{k_2}$ in the projective space ${\mathbb P}^{2k_1+3k_2}$, under the condition that $k_2\geq 2$ and $k_1+2k_2=\mathop{\rm dim} V\geq 12$, and of a few families of Fano complete intersections of dimension 10 and 11. This is the third version: minor corrections were made, including a few typos.
We prove that in the parameter space of $M$-dimensional Fano complete intersections of index one and codimension two the locus of varieties that are not birationally superrigid has codimension at least $\frac12 (M-9)(M-10)-1$.
We classify all pencils on a general weighted hypersurface in $\mathbb{P}(1,a_{1},a_{2},a_{3},a_{4})$ of degree $\sum_{i=1}^{4}a_{i}$ whose general members are surfaces of Kodaira dimension zero.
We prove that a quasi-smooth Fano threefold hypersurface is birationally rigid if and only if it has Fano index one.
In this paper we consider Q-Fano 3-fold weighted complete intersections of codimension 2 in the 85 families listed in the Iano-Fletcher's list and determine which cycle is a maximal center or not. For each maximal center, we construct either a birational involution which untwists the maximal singularity or a Sarkisov link centered at the cycle to an another explicitly described Mori fiber space. As a consequence, 19 families are proved to be birationally rigid and the remaining 66 families are proved to be birationally nonrigid.
In this paper, we prove that the family of $\Bbb Q$-Fano threefolds with Picard number one is birationally unbounded.
We prove birational superrigidity of generic Fano fiber spaces $V/{\mathbb P}^1$, the fibers of which are Fano complete intersections of index 1 and dimension $M$ in ${\mathbb P}^{M+k}$, provided that $M\geq 2k+1$. The proof combines the traditional quadratic techniques of the method of maximal singularities with the linear techniques based on the connectedness principle of Shokurov and Koll\' ar. Certain related results are also considered.
K-stability and birational rigidity of Fano 3-fold weighted complete intersections
本研究证明了双有理刚性的良构拟光滑法诺三维加权完全交具有K-稳定性。
We study the geometry and the period map of nodal complex prime Fano threefolds with index 1 and degree 10. We show that these threefolds are birationally isomorphic to Verra solids (hypersurfaces of bidegree $(2,2)$ in $ ¶^2\times ¶^2$). Using Verra's results on the period map for these solids and on the Prym map for double étale covers of plane sextic curves, we prove that the fiber of the period map for our nodal threefolds is birationally the union of two surfaces, for which we give several descriptions. This result is the analog in the nodal case of a result obtained in arXiv:0812.3670 fo…
We study a wide class of affine varieties, which we call affine Fano varieties. By analogy with birationally super-rigid Fano varieties, we define super-rigidity for affine Fano varieties, and provide many examples and non-examples of super-rigid affine Fano varieties.
We prove that a Fano complete intersection of codimension $k$ and index 1 in the complex projective space ${\mathbb P}^{M+k}$ for $k\geqslant 20$ and $M\geqslant 8k\log k$ with at most multi-quadratic singularities is birationally superrigid. The codimension of the complement to the set of birationally superrigid complete intersections in the natural parameter space is shown to be at least $\frac12 (M-5k)(M-6k)$. The proof is based on the techniques of hypertangent divisors combined with the recently discovered $4n^2$-inequality for complete intersection singularities.
Birational rigidity and alpha invariants of Fano varieties
本文构造双有理超刚性及带有限群作用的 Fano 簇，证明其 alpha 不变量可任意接近 $1/2$，群版本 alpha 不变量可任意小。
Birationally rigid hypersurfaces with quadratic singularities of low rank
本文证明了满足特定一般位置条件、具有低秩二次奇点的$M$次超曲面是双有理超刚性Fano簇，并给出了其补集的余维数下界。
In this paper a large class of Fano double quadrics and cubics are shown to be factorial and birationally superrigid, in particular they admit no non-trivial structure of a fibration with rationally connected fibres and are therefore non-rational. This is shown using the "Method of maximal singularities" of Iskovskikh and Manin, expanded upon by Pukhlikov. In addition, an estimate of the codimension of the set of such varieties is calculated.
We prove the birational rigidity of Fano complete intersections of index 1 with a singular point of high multiplicity, which can be close to the degree of the variety. In particular, the groups of birational and biregular automorphisms of these varieties are equal, and they are non-rational. The proof is based on the techniques of the method of maximal singularities, the generalized $4n^2$-inequality for complete intersection singularities and the technique of hypertangent divisors.
Varieties of Fano type are very well behaved with respect to MMP, and they are known to be rationally connected. We study the relation between classes of rationally connected varieties and varieties of Fano type. We give examples of rationally connected varieties of dimension $\geqslant 3$ which are not birationally equivalent to Fano type varieties, thereby answering the question of Cascini and Gongyo.
In this paper we study 14 families among 85 families of anticanonically embedded Q-Fano threefolds weighted complete intersections of codimension 2 and show that every quasismooth member is birationally birigid, that is, it is birational to another Q-Fano threefold but not birational to any other Mori fiber space.
It is proven that any structure of a fibre space into varieties of Kodaira dimension zero on a generic Fano complete intersection of index one and dimension $M$ in ${\mathbb P}^{M+k}$ for $M\geq 2k+1$ is a pencil of hyperplane sections. We also describe $K$-trivial structures on varieties with a pencil of Fano complete intersections.
Determining when the birational automorphism group of a Fano variety is finite is an interesting and difficult problem. The main technique for studying this problem is by the Noether-Fano method. This method has been effective in studying this problem for Fano varieties of index one and two. The purpose of this paper is to give a new approach to this problem, and to show that in every positive characteristic there are Fano varieties of arbitrarily large index with finite (or even trivial) birational automorphisms. To do this we prove that these varieties admit ample and birationally equivarian…
We study the birational boundedness of special fibers of log Calabi-Yau fibrations and Fano fibrations. We show that for a locally stable family of Fano varieties or polarised log Calabi-Yau pairs over a curve, if the general fiber satisfies some natural boundedness conditions, then every irreducible component of the special fiber is birationally bounded.
We prove that every projectively normal Fano manifold in $\mathbb{P}^{n+r}$ of index $1$, codimension $r$ and dimension $n\geq 10r$ is birationally superrigid and K-stable. This result was previously proved by Zhuang under the complete intersection assumption.
The geometry of the Fano scheme of maximal linear spaces contained in the base locus of a pencil of quadrics has been studied by algebraic geometers when the base field is algebraically closed. In this paper, we work over an arbitrary base field of characteristic not equal to 2 and show how these Fano schemes are related to the Jacobians of hyperelliptic curves. In particular, if $B$ is the base locus of a generic pencil of quadrics in $\bbp^{2n+1}$, and $F$ is the Fano variety of $n - 1$ planes contained in $B$, then $F$ is a component of a disconnected commutative algebraic group $G = \picz(…
We prove birational superrigidity of every hypersurface of degree N in P^N with singular locus of dimension s, under the assumption that N is at least 2s+8 and it has only quadratic singularities of rank at least N-s. Combined with the results of I. A. Chel'tsov and T. de Fernex, this completes the list of birationally superrigid singular hypersurfaces with only ordinary double points except in dimension 4 and 6. Further we impose an additional condition on the base locus of a birational map to a Mori fiber space. Then we prove conditional birational superrigidity of certain smooth Fano hypers…
We study birational geometry of Fano varieties, realized as double covers $σ\colon V\to {\mathbb P}^M$, $M\geq 5$, branched over generic hypersurfaces $W=W_{2(M-1)}$ of degree $2(M-1)$. We prove that the only structures of a rationally connected fiber space on $V$ are the pencils-subsystems of the free linear system $|-\frac12 K_V|$. The groups of birational and biregular self-maps of the variety $V$ coincide.
Birational geometry of Fano varieties of lines on cubic fourfolds containing pairs of cubic scrolls
研究包含三次滚动面对的三次四重线上Fano簇（超Kähler四重）的双有理几何，识别所有双有理模型并给出显式映射，同时刻画双有理自同构群的生成元和关系。
We construct an example of the birationally rigid complete intersection of a quadric and a cubic in $\PA^5$ with an ordinary double point, which under a small deformation gives a non-rigid Fano variety. Thus we show that birational rigidity is not open in moduli.
We prove that every smooth Fano complete intersection of index $1$ and codimension $r$ in $\mathbb{P}^{n+r}$ is birationally superrigid and K-stable if $n\ge 10r$. We also propose a generalization of Tian's criterion of K-stability and, as an application, prove the K-stability of the complete intersection of a quadric and a cubic in $\mathbb{P}^5$. In the appendix (written jointly with C. Stibitz), we prove the conditional birational superrigidity of Fano complete intersections of higher index in large dimension.
We prove that every non-trivial structure of a rationally connected fibre space (and so every structure of a Mori-Fano fibre space) on a general (in the sense of Zariski topology) hypersurface of degree $M$ in the $(M+1)$-dimensional projective space for $M\geq 14$ is given by a pencil of hyperplane sections. In particular, the variety $V$ is non-rational and its group of birational self-maps coincide with the group of biregular automorphisms and is therefore trivial. The proof is based on the techniques of the method of maximal singularities and the inversion of adjunction.
Varieties fibered into del Pezzo surfaces form a class of possible outputs of the minimal model program. It is known that del Pezzo fibrations of degrees $1$ and $2$ over the projective line with smooth total space satisfying the so-called $K^2$-condition are birationally rigid: their Mori fibre space structure is unique. This implies that they are not birational to any Fano varieties, conic bundles or other del Pezzo fibrations. In particular, they are irrational. The families of del Pezzo fibrations with smooth total space of degree $2$ are rather special, as for "most" families a general de…
The fiber of the Griffiths map for the non-hyperelliptic Fano threefolds of genus 6
在光滑非有理Fano 3-折叠中，亏格为6的非超椭圆Fano 3-折叠X（10）具有唯一的性质，在它的模空间中存在一个非平凡的双有理同构3-折叠轨道.这里我们证明这些轨道实际上与X（10）的Griffiths周期映射的纤维相同。本文的主要结果是：X（10）的周期映射的一般纤维是两个不可约的3重族F（1）+ F（2）的并，每个F（i）同构于其任一元素的二次曲线的Fano曲面。作为应用，我们给出了Tjurin猜想的否定答案：一般X（10）对四次二重立体是双有理的.
Birational geometry of weighted complete intersections of type $(12, 14)$ in $\mathbb{P} (1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 11)$
本文证明了 P(1,2,3,4,7,11) 中 (12,14) 型拟光滑 Fano 三维加权完全交均为双有理刚性，揭示了该类簇的双有理几何性质。
A congruence is a surface in the Grassmannian ${\rm Gr}(2, 4)$. In this paper, we consider the normalization of congruence of bitangents to a hypersurface in $\mathbb P^3$. We call it the Fano congruence of bitangents. We give a criterion for smoothness of the Fano congruence of bitangents and describe explicitly their degenerations in a general Lefschetz pencil in the space of hypersurfaces in $\mathbb P^3$.
The paper is joined with arXiv:0911.5428 and improved. We prove that Landau-Ginzburg models for all 17 smooth Fano threefolds with Picard rank 1 can be represented as Laurent polynomials in 3 variables exhibiting them case by case. We check that these Landau-Ginzburg models can be compactified to open Calabi-Yau varieties. In the spirit of L. Katzarkov's program we prove that numbers of irreducible components of the central fibers of compactifications of these pencils are dimensions of intermediate Jacobians of Fano varieties plus 1. In particular these numbers do not depend on compactificatio…
Birational geometry of sextic double solids with a compound $A_n$ singularity
研究具有孤立复合 $A_n$ 奇点的六次双重立体的双有理几何，证明精确界限 $n \leq 8$，明确描述各 $n$ 的模型，并证明 $n > 3$ 时为双有理非刚性。
On the maximal variation problem and Lefschetz pencils
利用 Hodge 理论和 Picard-Lefschetz 理论，研究极丰沛线束关联线性系统的极大变分问题，对一大类光滑射影簇给出肯定答案，并建立超曲面 Jacobi 环的 Lefschetz 性质。
$2 n^2$-inequality for $cA_1$ points and applications to birational rigidity
本文将光滑点的 $4n^2$ 不等式推广为 $cA_1$ 端点奇点的 $2n^2$ 不等式，并据此证明多类 Fano 三维簇与 del Pezzo 纤维化的双有理刚性。
We prove non-rationality and birational super-rigidity of a Q-factorial double cover X of P^3 ramified along a sextic surface with at most simple double points. We also show that the condition #|Sing(X)| < 15 implies Q-factoriality of X. In particular, every double cover of P^3 with at most 14 simple double points is non-rational and not birationally isomorphic to a conic bundle. All the birational transformations of X into elliptic fibrations and into Fano 3-folds with canonical singularities are classified. We consider some relevant problems over fields of finite characteristic. When X is de…
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