For the exclusion process with symmetric kernel p(x,y)=p(y,x), the set of invariant measures has been completely studied. This paper gives results concerning the invariant measures for exclusion processes where p(x,y)=p(y,x) except for finitely many (x,y).
We prove an energy estimate for the polar empirical measure of the two-dimensional symmetric simple exclusion process. We deduce from this estimate and from results in reference [2] large deviations principles for the polar empirical measure and for the occupation time of the origin.
We prove a quenched functional central limit theorem for a one-dimensional random walk driven by a simple symmetric exclusion process. This model can be viewed as a special case of the random walk in a balanced random environment, for which the weak quenched limit is constructed as a function of the invariant measure of the environment viewed from the walk. We bypass the need to show the existence of this invariant measure. Instead, we find the limit of the quadratic variation of the walk and give an explicit formula for it.
We consider a one-dimensional symmetric simple exclusion process in contact with slowed reservoirs: at the left (resp. right) boundary, particles are either created or removed at rates given by $α/n$ or $(1-α)/n$ (resp. $β/n$ or $(1-β)/n$) where $α, β>0$ and $n$ is a scaling parameter. We obtain the non-equilibrium fluctuations and consequently the non-equilibrium stationary fluctuations.
We establish an invariance principle for a one-dimensional random walk in a dynamical random environment given by a speed-change exclusion process. The jump probabilities of the walk depend on the configuration of the exclusion in a finite box around the walker. The environment starts from equilibrium. After a suitable space-time rescaling, the random walk converges to a sum of two independent processes, a Brownian motion and a Gaussian process with stationary increments.
We consider the symmetric exclusion process on the $d$-dimensional lattice with translational invariant and ergodic initial data. It is then known that as $t$ diverges the distribution of the process at time $t$ converges to a Bernoulli product measure. Assuming a summable decay of correlations of the initial data, we prove a quantitative version of this convergence by obtaining an explicit bound on the Ornstein $\bar d$-distance. The proof is based on the analysis of a two species exclusion process with annihilation.
We study the hydrodynamic limit for a model of symmetric exclusion processes with heavy-tailed long jumps and in contact with infinitely extended reservoirs. We show how the corresponding hydrodynamic equations are affected by the parameters defining the model. The hydrodynamic equations are characterized by a class of super-diffusive operators that are given by the regional fractional Laplacian with some additional reaction terms and various boundary conditions. This work solves some questions left open in \cite{BJGO2} about the same model.
In this paper we focus on the open symmetric exclusion process with parameter $m$ (open SEP($m/2$)), which allows $m$ particles each site and has an open boundary. We generalize the result about hydrodynamic limit for the open SEP$(m/2)$ that was originally raised in Theorem 4.12 of arXiv:1908.02359. We prove that the hydrodynamic limit of the density profile for a $d-$dimensional open SEP$(m/2)$ solves the $(d+1)-$dimensional heat equation with certain initial condition and boundary condition.
In this paper, we will study the long time behavior of the simple symmetric exclusion process in the ``channel'' $Λ_N=[1,N]\cap \mathbb{N}$ with reservoirs at the boundaries. These reservoirs are also systems of particles which can be exchanged with the particles in the channel. The size $M$ of each reservoir is much larger than the one of the channel, i.e. $M=N^{1+α}$ for a fixed number $α>0$. Based on the size of the channel and the holding time at each reservoir, we will investigate some types of rescaling time.
We consider a driven tagged particle in a symmetric exclusion process on Z with a removal rule. In this process, untagged particles are removed once they jump to the left of the tagged particle. We investigate the behavior of the displacement of the tagged particle and prove limit theorems of it: an (annealed) law of large numbers, a central limit theorem, and a large deviation principle. We also characterize a class of ergodic measures for the environment process. Our approach is based on analyzing two auxiliary processes with associated martingales and a regenerative structure.
We consider a random walk (RW) driven by a simple symmetric exclusion process (SSE). Rescaling the RW and the SSE in such a way that a joint hydrodynamic limit theorem holds we prove a joint path large deviation principle. The corresponding large deviation rate function can be split into two components, the rate function of the SSE and the one of the RW given the path of the SSE. Such components have different structures (Gaussian and Poissoinian, respectively) and to overcome this difficulty we make use of the theory of Orlicz spaces. In particular, the component of the rate function correspo…
We prove moderate deviation principles for the tagged particle position and current in one-dimensional symmetric simple exclusion processes. There is at most one particle per site. A particle jumps to one of its two neighbors at rate $1/2$, and the jump is suppressed if there is already one at the target site. We distinguish one particular particle which is called the tagged particle. We first establish a variational formula for the moderate deviation rate functions of the tagged particle positions based on moderate deviation principles from hydrodynamic limit proved by Gao and Quastel \cite{g…
In this article we obtain the equilibrium fluctuations of a symmetric exclusion process in $\mathbb{Z}$ with long jumps. The transition probability of the jump from $x$ to $y$ is proportional to $|x-y|^{-γ-1}$. Here we restrict to the choice $γ\geq 2$ so that the system has a diffusive behavior. Moreover, when particles move between $\mathbb{Z}_{-}^{*}$ and $\mathbb N$, the jump rates are slowed down by a factor $αn^{-β}$, where $α>0$, $β\geq 0$ and $n$ is the scaling parameter. Depending on the values of $β$ and $γ$, we obtain several stochastic partial differential equations, corresponding t…
Hydrodynamic limit of the symmetric exclusion process on complete Riemannian manifolds and principal bundles
Delft Institute of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, Delft University of Technology(代尔夫特理工大学电气、数学与计算机科学学院应用数学研究所)
We present the correct space of test functions for the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes defined in \cite{fgn2}. Under these new spaces, an invariance with respect to a second order operator is shown, granting the existence and uniqueness of those processes. Moreover, we detail how to prove some properties of the semi-groups, which are required in the proof of uniqueness.
In~\cite{bgs2013}, exclusion sensitivity and exclusion stability for symmetric exclusion processes on graphs were defined as a natural analogue of noise sensitivity and noise stability in this setting. As these concepts were defined for any sequence of connected graphs, it is natural to study the monotonicity properties of these definitions with respect to adding edges to the graphs, and in particular, whether some graphs are more stable or sensitive than others. The main purpose of this paper is to answer some such question from~\cite{bgs2013}. The main tool used is included results about the…
In this article, we consider a one-dimensional symmetric exclusion process in weak contact with reservoirs at the boundary. In the diffusive time-scaling the empirical measure evolves according to the heat equation with Robin boundary conditions. We prove the associated dynamical large deviations principle.
We consider the symmetric exclusion process with jumps given by a symmetric, translation invariant, transition probability $p(\cdot)$. The process is put in contact with stochastic reservoirs whose strength is tuned by a parameter $θ\in\mathbb R$. Depending on the value of the parameter $θ$ and the range of the transition probability $p(\cdot)$ we obtain the hydrodynamical behavior of the system. The type of hydrodynamic equation depends on whether the underlying probability $p(\cdot)$ has finite or infinite variance and the type of boundary condition depends on the strength of the stochastic …
We consider the symmetric simple exclusion process in $\mathbb Z^d$ with quenched bounded dynamic random conductances and prove its hydrodynamic limit in path space. The main tool is the connection, due to the self-duality of the process, between the invariance principle for single particles starting from all points and the macroscopic behavior of the density field. While the hydrodynamic limit at fixed macroscopic times is obtained via a generalization to the time-inhomogeneous context of the strategy introduced in \cite{nagy_symmetric_2002}, in order to prove tightness for the sequence of em…
Motivated by kinetically constrained interacting particle systems (KCM), we consider a reversible coalescing and branching simple exclusion process on a general finite graph $G=(V,E)$ dual to the biased voter model on $G$. Our main goal are tight bounds on its logarithmic Sobolev constant and relaxation time, with particular focus on the delicate slightly supercritical regime in which the equilibrium density of particles tends to zero as $|V|\rightarrow \infty$. Our results allow us to recover very directly and improve to $\ell^p$-mixing, $p\ge 2$, and to more general graphs, the mixing time r…
We investigate the long-term behavior of a random walker evolving on top of the simple symmetric exclusion process (SSEP) at equilibrium, in dimension one. At each jump, the random walker is subject to a drift that depends on whether it is sitting on top of a particle or a hole, so that its asymptotic behavior is expected to depend on the density $ρ\in [0, 1]$ of the underlying SSEP. Our first result is a law of large numbers (LLN) for the random walker for all densities $ρ$ except for at most two values $ρ_-, ρ_+ \in [0, 1]$. The asymptotic speed we obtain in our LLN is a monotone function of…
We prove that the equilibrium fluctuations of the symmetric simple exclusion process in contact with slow boundaries is given by an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process with Dirichlet, Robin or Neumann boundary conditions depending on the range of the parameter that rules the slowness of the boundaries.
We consider the symmetric exclusion process on suitable random grids that approximate a compact Riemannian manifold. We prove that a class of random walks on these random grids converge to Brownian motion on the manifold. We then consider the empirical density field of the symmetric exclusion process and prove that it converges to the solution of the heat equation on the manifold.
The Quantum Symmetric Simple Exclusion Process (QSSEP) is a model of quantum particles hopping on a finite interval and satisfying the exclusion principle. Recently Bernard and Jin have studied the fluctuations of the invariant measure for this process, when the number of sites goes to infinity. These fluctuations are encoded into polynomials, for which they have given equations and proved that these equations determine the polynomials completely. In this paper, I give an explicit combinatorial formula for these polynomials, in terms of Schröder trees. I also show that, quite surprisingly, the…
We give a new approach to the well-known convergence to the hydrodynamic limit for the symmetric simple exclusion process (SSEP). More precisely, we characterize any possible limit of its empirical density measures as solutions to the heat equation by passing to the limit in the gradient flow structure of the particle system.
Consider the symmetric exclusion process evolving on an interval and weakly interacting at the end-points with reservoirs. Denote by $I_{[0,T]} (\cdot)$ its dynamical large deviations functional and by $V(\cdot)$ the associated quasi-potential, defined as $V(γ) = \inf_{T>0} \inf_u I_{[0,T]} (u)$, where the infimum is carried over all trajectories $u$ such that $u(0) = \barρ$, $u(T) = γ$, and $\barρ$ is the stationary density profile. We derive the partial differential equation which describes the evolution of the optimal trajectory, and deduce from this result the formula obtained by Derrida, …
We provide a complete description of the equilibrium fluctuations for diffusive symmetric exclusion processes with long jumps in contact with infinitely extended reservoirs and prove that they behave as generalized Ornstein-Uhlenbeck processes with various boundary conditions, depending mainly on the strength of the reservoirs. On the way, we also give a general statement about uniqueness of the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process originated by the microscopic dynamics of the underlying interacting particle systems and adapt it to our study.
We consider the Symmetric Exclusion Process on a compact Riemannian manifold, as introduced in van Ginkel and Redig (2020). There it was shown that the hydrodynamic limit satisfies the heat equation. In this paper we study the equilibrium fluctuations around this hydrodynamic limit. We define the fluctuation fields as functionals acting on smooth functions on the manifold and we show that they converge in distribution in the path space to a generalized Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. This is done by proving tightness and by showing that the limiting fluctuations satisfy the corresponding martingal…
For the two-sided Bernoulli initial condition with density $ρ_-$ (resp. $ρ_+$) to the left (resp. to the right), we study the distribution of a tagged particle in the one dimensional symmetric simple exclusion process. We obtain a formula for the moment generating function of the associated current in terms of a Fredholm determinant. Our arguments are based on a combination of techniques from integrable probability which have been developed recently for studying the asymmetric exclusion process and a subsequent intricate symmetric limit. An expression for the large deviation function of the ta…
Hydrodynamic limit of symmetric exclusion processes in inhomogeneous media
在\cite{J} M. Jara提出了一种方法,将对称排斥过程的流体动力学极限的证明简化为均匀化问题,作为该领域最近工作的统一方法,如\cite{N},\cite{F1},\cite{F2}和\cite{FJL}。虽然在\cite{J}中没有说明,但在\cite{N},\cite{F1}中已经(以不同的方式)得到了将流体动力学极限简化为均匀化问题。这两个问题之间的这种可供选择的、非常简单的关系可以追溯到K的一个概念。Nagy \cite{N}在\cite{F1} [B节]中针对$\bbZ^d$上的排除过程进行了说明,并且如\cite{F2}中所强调的,是完全通用的。上述关系式已应用于\cite{N}、\cite{F1}、\cite{F2}和\cite{FJL},并可应用于\cite{J}中提到的其他对称排斥过程。在这个简短的说明中,我们简要回顾了完整的一般设置中的这种统一方法。最后,我们回顾一下如何均匀化问题已经解决了上述以前的作品。
We analyse the hydrodynamical behavior of the long jumps symmetric exclusion process in the presence of a slow barrier. The jump rates are given by a symmetric transition probability $p(\cdot)$ with infinite variance. When jumps occur from $\mathbb{Z}_{-}^{*}$ to $\mathbb N$ the rates are slowed down by a factor $αn^{-β}$ (with $α>0$ and $β\geq 0$). We obtain several partial differential equations given in terms of the regional fractional Laplacian on $\mathbb R^*$ and with different boundary conditions. Surprisingly, in opposition to the diffusive regime, we get different regimes depending on…