Let A be a Noetherian local ring with the maximal ideal m and d=dimA. Let Q be a parameter ideal in A. Let I=Q:m. The problem of when the equality I^2=QI holds true is explored. When A is a Cohen-Macaulay ring, this problem was completely solved by A. Corso, C. Huneke, C. Polini, and W. Vasconcelos, while nothing is known when A is not a Cohen-Macaulay ring. The present purpose is to show that within a huge class of Buchsbaum local rings A the equality I^2=QI holds true for all parameter ideals Q. The result will supply theorems of K. Yamagishi, S. Goto and K. Nishida with ample examples of ideals I, for which the Rees algebras R(I), the associated graded rings G(I), and the fiber cones F(I) are all Buchsbaum rings with certain specific graded local cohomology modules. Two examples are explored. One is to show that I^2=QI may hold true for all parameter ideals Q in A, even though A is not a generalized Cohen-Macaulay ring, and the other one is to show that the equality I^2=QI may fail to hold for some parameter ideal Q in A, even though A is a Buchsbaum local ring with multiplicity at least three.
Let A be a Buchsbaum local ring with the maximal ideal m and let e(A) denote the multiplicity of A. Let Q be a parameter ideal in A and put I=Q:m. Then the equality I^2=QI holds true, if e(A)=2 and depthA>0. The assertion is no longer true, unless e(A)=2. Counterexamples are given.
In this work, new families of Buchsbaum rings, developed by mean of convex body semigroups, are presented. We characterize Buchsbaum circle and convex polygonal semigroups and describe algorithmic methods to check these characterizations.
We provide algorithmic methods to check the Cohen--Macaulayness, Buchsbaumness and/or Gorensteiness of some families of semigroup rings that are constructed from the dilation of bounded convex polyhedrons of $\R^3_{\geq}$. Some families of semigroup rings are given satifying these properties.
Let $(A,\mathfrak{m})$ be a Noetherian local ring of dimension $d>0$ and $I$ an $\mathcal{I}$-primary ideal of $A$. In this paper, we discuss a sufficient condition, for the Buchsbaumness of the local ring $A$ to be passed onto the associated graded ring of filtration. Let $\mathcal{I}$ denote an $I$-good filtration. We prove that if $A$ is Buchsbaum and the I-invariant, $I(A)$ and $I(G(\mathcal{I}))$, coincide then the associated graded ring $G(\mathcal{I})$ is Buchsbaum. As an application of our result, we indicate an alternative proof of a conjecture, of Corso on certain boundary conditions…
In this article we prove that the Buchsbaum-Rim multiplicity $e(F/N)$ of a parameter module $N$ in a free module $F=A^r$ is bounded above by the colength $\ell_A(F/N)$. Moreover, we prove that once the equality $\ell_A(F/N)=e(F/N)$ holds true for some parameter module $N$ in $F$, then the base ring $A$ is Cohen-Macaulay.
In this article, we prove that the Buchsbaum-Rim function $\ell_A(§_{ν+1}(F)/N^{ν+1})$ of a parameter module $N$ in $F$ is bounded above by $e(F/N) \binom{ν+d+r-1}{d+r-1}$ for every integer $ν\geq 0$. Moreover, it turns out that the base ring $A$ is Cohen-Macaulay once the equality holds for some integer $ν$. As a direct consequence, we observe that the first Buchsbaum-Rim coefficient $e_1(F/N)$ of a parameter module $N$ is always non-positive.
A Noetherian local ring $(R,\mathfrak{m})$ is called Buchsbaum if the difference $e(\mathfrak{q}, R)-\ell(R/\mathfrak{q})$, where $\mathfrak{q}$ is an ideal generated by a system of parameters, is a constant independent of $\mathfrak{q}$. In this article, we study the tight closure analog of this condition. We prove that in an unmixed excellent local ring $(R,\mathfrak{m})$ of prime characteristic $p>0$ and dimension at least one, the difference $e(\mathfrak{q}, R)-\ell(R/\mathfrak{q}^*)$ is independent of $\mathfrak{q}$ if and only if the parameter test ideal $τ_{\text{par}}(R)$ contains $\ma…
Let (R,m) be a local ring that contains a field. We show that, when R has equal characteristic p>0 and when H_m^i(R) has finite length for all i<dimR, then R is F-injective if and only if every ideal generated by a system of parameters is Frobenius closed. As a corollary, we show that such an R is in fact a Buchsbaum ring. This answers positively a question of S. Takagi that F-injective singularities with isolated non-Cohen-Macaulay locus are Buchsbaum. We also study the characteristic 0 analogue of this question and we show that Du Bois singularities with isolated non-Cohen-Macaulay locus are…
In this paper, we study non-Cohen--Macaulay Buchsbaum Stanley--Reisner rings with linear free resolution. In particular, for given integers $c$, $d$, $q$ with $c \ge 1$, $2 \le q \le d$, we give an upper bound $h_{c,d,q}$ on the dimension of the unique non-vanishing homology $\widetilde{H}_{q-2}(Δ;k)$ of a $d$-dimensional Buchsbaum ring $k[Δ]$ with $q$-linear resolution and codimension $c$. Also, we discuss about existence for such Buchsbaum rings with $\dim_k \widetilde{H}_{q-2}(Δ;k) = h$ for any $h$ with $0 \le h \le h_{c,d,q}$, and prove an existence theorem in the case of $q=d=3$ using the…
There is a spectral sequence technique in order to estimate the local cohomology of a ring by the local cohomology of a certain form ring. As applications there are information on the descent of homological properties (Cohen-Macaulay, Buchsbaum etc.) from the form ring to the ring itself. In the case of Buchsbaum ring there is a discussion of the descent of the surjectivity of a natural map into the local cohomology.
Stanley-Reisner rings of Buchsbaum* complexes are studied by means of their quotients modulo a linear system of parameters. The socle of these quotients is computed. Extending a recent result by Novik and Swartz for orientable homology manifolds without boundary, it is shown that modulo a part of their socle these quotients are level algebras. This provides new restrictions on the face vectors of Buchsbaum* complexes.
In 1960, D.G. Northcott proved that if $e_0(I)$ and $e_1(I)$ denote zeroth and first Hilbert-Samuel coefficients of an $\mathfrak m$-primary ideal $I$ in a Cohen-Macaulay local ring $(R,\mathfrak m)$, then $e_0(I)-e_1(I)\le \ell (R/I)$. In this article, we study an analogue of this inequality for Buchsbaum-Rim coefficients. We prove that if $(R,\mathfrak m)$ is a two dimensional Cohen-Macaulay local ring and $M$ is a finitely generated $R$-module contained in a free module $F$ with finite co-length, then $br_0(M)-br_1(M)\le \ell (F/M)$, where $br_0(M)$ and $br_1(M$) denote zeroth and first Buc…
In this paper, we give new characterizations of the Buchsbaum and Cohen-Macaulay properties of the tangent cone $\gr_\frakm(R)$, where $(R,\frakm)$ is a numerical semigroup ring of embedding dimension 3. In particular, we confirm the conjectures raised by Sapko on the Buchsbaumness of $\gr_\frakm(R)$.
Let $Δ$ be a triangulated homology ball whose boundary complex is $\partialΔ$. A result of Hochster asserts that the canonical module of the Stanley--Reisner ring of $Δ$, $\mathbb F[Δ]$, is isomorphic to the Stanley--Reisner module of the pair $(Δ, \partialΔ)$, $\mathbb F[Δ,\partial Δ]$. This result implies that an Artinian reduction of $\mathbb F[Δ,\partial Δ]$ is (up to a shift in grading) isomorphic to the Matlis dual of the corresponding Artinian reduction of $\mathbb F[Δ]$. We establish a generalization of this duality to all triangulations of connected orientable homology manifolds with …
Over a regular local ring of dimension two with maximal ideal m, we study the Buchsbaum-Rim multiplicity of a finitely generated module M of finite colength in a free module F. First, we investigate the colength of an m-primary ideal and its Hilbert-Samuel multiplicity using linkage theory. As applications, we establish several multiplicity formula that express the Buchsbaum-Rim multiplicity of M in terms of the Hilbert-Samuel multiplicities of ideals related to a certain minimal reduction U of M. Moreover, there exists m-primary Bourbaki ideals I and J of the modules F and M respectively such…
Let (R;m) be a numerical semigroup ring. In this paper we study the properties of its associated graded ring G(m). In particular, we describe the H^0_M for G(m) (where M is the homogeneous maximal ideal of G(m)) and we characterize when G(m) is Buchsbaum. Furthermore, we find the length of H^0_M as a G(m)-module, when G(m) is Buchsbaum. In the 3-generated numerical semigroup case, we describe the H^0_M in term of the Apery set of the numerical semigroup associated to R. Finally, we improve two characterizations of the Cohen-Macaulayness and Gorensteinness of G(m) given in [2] and [3], respecti…
We study the relationship between the reduction number of a primary ideal of a local ring relative to one of its minimal reductions and the multiplicity of the corresponding Sally module. This paper is focused on three goals: (i) To develop a change of rings technique for the Sally module of an ideal to allow extension of results from Cohen-Macaulay rings to more general rings. (ii) To use the fiber of the Sally modules of almost complete intersection ideals to connect its structure to the Cohen-Macaulayness of the special fiber ring. (iii) To extend some of the results of (i) to two-dimension…
Let a be an ideal of a commutative Noetherian ring R with identity. We study finitely generated R-modules M whose a-finiteness and a-cohomological dimensions are equal. In particular, we examine relative analogues of quasi-Buchsbaum, Buchsbaum and surjective Buchsbaum modules. We reveal several interactions between these types of modules that extend some of the existing results in the classical theory to the relative one.
Let $(R,{\bf m})$ be a two-dimensional regular local ring with infinite residue field. We prove an analogue of the Hoskin-Deligne length formula for a finitely generated, torsion-free, integrally closed $R$-module $M$. As a consequence, we get a formula for the Buchsbaum-Rim multiplicity of $F/M$, where $F = M^{**}$.
We explore the behavior of the sectional genera of certain primary ideals in Noetherian local rings. In this paper, we provide characterizations of a Cohen-Macaulay local ring in terms of the sectional genera, the Cohen-Macaulay type, and the second Hilbert coefficients for certain primary ideals. We also characterize Gorenstein rings and quasi-Buchsbaum rings in terms of the sectional genera for certain primary ideals.
Let $I$ be an ideal generated by a system of parameters in an excellent Cohen-Macaulay local domain. We show that the associated graded ring $G^*(I)$ of the filtration $\{(I^n)^*: n\in \mathbb{N}\}$ is Cohen-Macaulay. We prove that if $R$ is an excellent Buchsbaum local domain then $G^*(I)$ is a Buchsbaum module over the Rees ring $\mathcal R^*(I)=\oplus_{n\in \mathbb{N}}(I^n)^*.$ We provide quick proofs of well-known results of I. Aberbach, Huneke-Itoh and Huneke-Hochster about the filtration $\{(I^n)^*: n\in \mathbb{N}\}$ in excellent local domains. An important tool used in the proofs is a …
We consider simplicial complexes admitting a free action by an abelian group. Specifically, we establish a refinement of the classic result of Hochster describing the local cohomology modules of the associated Stanley--Reisner ring, demonstrating that the topological structure of the free action extends to the algebraic setting. If the complex in question is also Buchsbaum, this new description allows for a specialization of Schenzel's calculation of the Hilbert series of some of the ring's Artinian reductions. In further application, we generalize to the Buchsbaum case the results of Stanley …
Over a noetherian local ring certain minimal finite free resolutions possess a property which we call stiffness. This calls to mind the Buchsbaum-Eisenbud criterion for exactness. Yet we only prove stiffness over equicharacteristic rings. However, Hochster's Canonical Element Conjecture is shown to be true for every ring with a fixed prime residual characteristic, precisely when every resolution over each Gorenstein ring of this type is stiff.
Let $H=\langle n_1, \ldots ,n_4\rangle$ be a numerical semigroup generated by $4$ elements, which is symmetric and let $k[H]$ be the semigroup ring of $H$ over a field $k$. H. Bresinski proved that the defining ideal of $k[H]$ is minimally generated by $3$ or $5$ elements. We give a new short proof of Bresinski's Theorem using the structure theorem of Buchsbaum and Eisenbud on the minimal free resolution of Gorenstein rings of embedding codimension $3$.
The famous structure theorem of Buchsbaum and Eisenbud gives a complete characterization of Gorenstein ideals of codimension 3 and their minimal free resolutions. We generalize the ideas of Buchsbaum and Eisenbud from Gorenstein ideals to Gorenstein algebras and present a description of Gorenstein algebras of any odd codimension. As an application we study the canonical ring of a numerical Godeaux surface.
The conjecture of Wolmer Vasconcelos on the vanishing of the first Hilbert coefficient $e_1(Q)$ is solved affirmatively, where $Q$ is a parameter ideal in a Noetherian local ring. Basic properties of the rings for which $e_1(Q)$ vanishes are derived. The invariance of $e_1(Q)$ for parameter ideals $Q$ and its relationship to Buchsbaum rings are studied.
Given a local Noetherian ring $(R, {\mathfrak m})$ of dimension $d>0$ and infinite residue field, we study the invariants $($dimension and multiplicity$)$ of the Sally module $S_J(I)$ of any ${\mathfrak m}$-primary ideal $I$ with respect to a minimal reduction $J$. As a by-product we obtain an estimate for the Hilbert coefficients of ${\mathfrak m}$ that generalizes a bound established by J. Elias and G. Valla in a local Cohen-Macaulay setting. We also find sharp estimates for the multiplicity of the special fiber ring ${\mathcal F}(I)$, which recover previous bounds established by C. Polini, …
The Chern numbers of the title are the first coefficients (after the multiplicities) of the Hilbert functions of various filtrations of ideals of a local ring $(R, \mathfrak{m})$. For a Noetherian (good) filtration $\mathcal{A}$ of $\mathfrak{m}$-primary ideals, the positivity and bounds for $e_1(\mathcal{A})$ are well-studied if $R$ is Cohen-Macaulay, or more broadly, if $R$ is a Buchsbaum ring or mild generalizations thereof. For arbitrary geometric local domains, we introduce techniques based on the theory of maximal Cohen-Macaulay modules and of extended multiplicity functions to establish…
This paper gives a necessary and sufficient condition for Gorensteinness in Rees algebras of the $d$-th power of parameter ideals in certain Noetherian local rings of dimension $d\ge 2$. The main result of this paper produces many Gorenstein Rees algebras over non-Cohen-Macaulay local rings. For example, the Rees algebra $\mathcal{R}(\mathfrak{q}^d)=\oplus_{i\ge 0}\mathfrak{q}^{di}$ is Gorenstein for every parameter ideal $\mathfrak{q}$ that is a reduction of the maximal ideal in a $d$-dimensional Buchsbaum local ring of depth 1 and multiplicity 2.
We prove new results on the connections between reduction numbers and the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of blowup algebras and blowup modules, the key basic tool being the operation of Ratliff-Rush closure. First, we answer in two particular cases a question of M. E. Rossi, D. T. Trung, and N. V. Trung about Rees algebras of ideals in two-dimensional Buchsbaum local rings, and we even ask whether one of such situations always holds. In another theorem we generalize a result of A. Mafi on ideals in two-dimensional Cohen-Macaulay local rings, by extending it to arbitrary dimension (and allowing…
The set of the first Hilbert coefficients of parameter ideals relative to a module--its Chern coefficients--over a local Noetherian ring codes for considerable information about its structure--noteworthy properties such as that of Cohen-Macaulayness, Buchsbaumness, and of having finitely generated local cohomology. The authors have previously studied the ring case. By developing a robust setting to treat these coefficients for unmixed rings and modules, the case of modules is analyzed in a more transparent manner. Another series of integers arise from partial Euler characteristics and are show…
Let (R,m,k) be a local ring. We establish a totally reflexive analogue of the New Intersection Theorem, provided for every totally reflexive R-module M, there is a big Cohen-Macaulay R-module B_M such that the socle of B_M\otimes_RM is zero. When R is a quasi-specialization of a G-regular local ring or when M has complete intersection dimension zero, we show the existence of such a big Cohen-Macaulay R-module. It is conjectured that if R admits a non-zero Cohen-Macaulay module of finite Gorenstein dimension, then it is Cohen-Macaulay. We prove this conjecture if either R is a quasi-specializat…
Let $(R,\mathfrak{m})$ be a Noetherian local ring of dimension $d>0$ with infinite residue field. Let $M$ be a finitely generated proper $R$-submodule of a free $R$-module $F$ with $\ell (F/M) < \infty$ and having rank $r$. In this article, we study the fiber multiplicity $f_0(M)$ of the module $M$. We prove that if $(R,\mathfrak{m})$ is a two dimensional Cohen-Macaulay local ring, then $f_0(M)\le br_1(M)-br_0(M)+\ell (F/M)+μ(M)-r$, where $br_i(M)$ denotes the $i^{th}$ Buchsbaum-Rim coefficient of $M$.
We consider the following question concerning the equality of ordinary and symbolic powers of ideals. In a regular local ring, if the ordinary and symbolic powers of a one-dimensional prime ideal are the same up to its height, then are they the same for all powers? We provide supporting evidence of a positive answer for classes of prime ideals defining monomial curves or rings of low multiplicities.
One describes generators of disguised residual intersections in any commutative Noetherian rings. It is shown that, over Cohen-Macaulay rings, the disguised residual intersections and algebraic residual intersections are the same, for ideals with sliding depth. This coincidence provides structural results for algebraic residual intersections in quite general setting. It is shown how the DG-algebra structure of Koszul homologies affects the determination of generators of residual intersections. In the midway it is shown that the Buchsbaum-Eisenbud family of complexes can be derived from the Kos…
Let S=K[X_1,...,X_n] be the polynomial ring over a field K. For bounded below Z^n-graded S-modules M and N we show that if Tor^S_p(M,N) is nonzero, then for every i between 0 and p, the dimension of the K-vector space Tor^S_i(M,N) is at least as big as the binomial coefficient (p,i). In particular, we get lower bounds for the total Betti numbers. These results are related to a conjecture of Buchsbaum and Eisenbud.
Let $R \to S$ be a local ring homomorphism and $N$ a finitely generated $S$-module. We prove that if the Gorenstein injective dimension of $N$ over $R$ is finite, then it equals the depth of $R$.
Results are presented concerning the following question: If M is a finitely-generated module with finite local cohomologies over a Noetherian local ring (A, m), does there exist an integer n such that every parameter ideal for M contained in m^n has the same index of reducibility? We show that the answer is yes if M has dimension 1 or if M has dimension 2 and positive depth. This research is closely related to work of Goto-Suzuki and Goto-Sakurai; Goto-Sakurai have supplied an answer of yes in case M is Buchsbaum.
Let $(R, \mathfrak m)$ be a $d$-dimensional Noetherian local ring and $E$ a finitely generated $R$-submodule of a free module $R^p.$ In this work we introduce a multiplicity sequence $c_k(E), k=0,..., d+p-1$ for $E$ that generalize the Buchsbaum-Rim multiplicity defined when $E$ has finite colength in $R^p$ as well as the Achilles-Manaresi multiplicity sequence that applies when $E\subseteq R$ is an ideal. Our main result is that the new multiplicity sequence can indeed be used to detect integral dependence of modules. Our proof is self-contained and implies known numerical criteria for integr…
This paper is a continuation of an earlier paper of the authors on the probem of specializations of modules. The aim here is to define specialisations of finitely generated modules over local rings of the form k(u)[X]_P, where u is a family of indeterminates over a field k. The definition depends on the associated primes of the specialisation of the prime ideal P by the substitution of u to elements of k. As in the non-local case, the introduced specializations preserve basic properties and operations on modules.In particular, annihilators of local cohomology modules commute with specializatio…
Given that symbolic and ordinary powers of an ideal do not always coincide, we look for conditions on the ideal such that equality holds for every natural number. This paper focuses on studying the equality for Derksen ideals defined by finite groups acting linearly on a polynomial ring.
We characterize the rings in which the equality $(τI:τ)= I^*$ holds for every ideal $I \subset R$. Under certain assumptions, these rings must be either weakly F-regular or one-dimensional.
We develop a theory of multiplicities and mixed multiplicities of filtrations, extending the theory for filtrations of $m$-primary ideals to arbitrary (not necessarily Noetherian) filtrations. The mixed multiplicities of $r$ filtrations on an analytically unramified local ring $R$ come from the coefficients of a suitable homogeneous polynomial in $r$ variables of degree equal to the dimension of the ring, analogously to the classical case of the mixed multiplicities of $m$-primary ideals in a local ring. We prove that the Minkowski inequalities hold for arbitrary filtrations. The characterizat…
Let S be a set of n ideals of a commutative ring A. Let G_{even} (respectively G_{odd}) denote the product of all the sums of even (respectively odd) number of ideals of S. If n<7 the product of G_{even} and the intersection of all ideals of S is included in G_{odd}. In the case A is an Noetherian integral domain, this inclusion is replaced by equality if and only if A is a Dedekind domain.
Let k be a field and R a pure subring of the infinite-dimensional polynomial ring k[X1;...]. If R is generated by monomials, then we show that the equality of height and grade holds for all ideals of R. Also, we show R satisfies the weak Bourbaki unmixed property. As an application, we give the Cohen-Macaulay property of the invariant ring of the action of a linearly reductive group acting by k-automorphism on k[X1;...]. This provides several examples of non-Noetherian Cohen-Macaulay rings (e.g. Veronese, determinantal and Grassmanian rings).
We find sufficient conditions which imply equality of the finitistic test ideal and test ideal in rings of prime characteristic. Utilizing recent progress from the prime characteristic minimal model program we equate the notions of $F$-regular and strongly $F$-regular for 4-dimensional rings essentially of finite type over a field of prime characteristic $p>5$.
We study Hilbert functions of maximal Cohen-Macaulay(=CM) modules over CM local rings. We show that if $A$ is a hypersurface ring with dimension $d > 0$ then the Hilbert function of $M$ \wrt $\m$ is non-decreasing. If $A = Q/(f)$ for some regular local ring $Q$, we determine a lower bound for $e_0(M)$ and $e_1(M)$. We analyze the case when equality holds and prove that in this case $G(M)$ is CM. Furthermore in this case we also determine the Hilbert function of $M$. When $A$ is Gorenstein then $M$ is the first syzygy of $S^A(M) = (\Syz^{A}_{1}(M^*))^*$. A relation between the second Hilbert co…
Let $(R,\mathfrak{m})$ be a Noetherian local ring and $I$ an ideal of $R$. We study how local cohomology modules with support in $\mathfrak{m}$ change for small perturbations $J$ of $I$, that is, for ideals $J$ such that $I\equiv J\bmod \mathfrak{m}^N$ for large $N$, under the hypothesis that $I$ and $J$ share the same Hilbert function. As one of our main results, we show that if $R/I$ is generalized Cohen-Macaulay, then the local cohomology modules of $R/J$ are isomorphic to the corresponding local cohomology modules of $R/I$, except possibly the top one. In particular, this answers a questio…
A projectively normal Calabi-Yau threefold $X \subseteq \mathbb{P}^n$ has an ideal $I_X$ which is arithmetically Gorenstein, of Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity four. Such ideals have been intensively studied when $I_X$ is a complete intersection, as well as in the case where $X$ is codimension three. In the latter case, the Buchsbaum-Eisenbud theorem shows that $I_X$ is given by the Pfaffians of a skew-symmetric matrix. A number of recent papers study the situation when $I_X$ has codimension four. We prove there are 16 possible betti tables for an arithmetically Gorenstein ideal $I$ with $\math…
We study Gorenstein dimension and grade of a module $M$ over a filtered ring whose assosiated graded ring is a commutative Noetherian ring. An equality or an inequality between these invariants of a filtered module and its associated graded module is the most valuable property for an investigation of filtered rings. We prove an inequality G-dim$M\leq{G-dim gr}M$ and an equality ${\rm grade}M={\rm grade gr}M$, whenever Gorenstein dimension of ${\rm gr}M$ is finite (Theorems 2.3 and 2.8). We would say that the use of G-dimension adds a new viewpoint for studying filtered rings and modules. We ap…
