We give counterexamples to the following conjecture of Auslander: given a finitely generated module $M$ over an Artin algebra $Λ$, there exists a positive integer $n_M$ such that for all finitely generated $Λ$-modules $N$, if $\Ext_Λ^i(M,N)=0$ for all $i\gg 0$, then $\Ext_Λ^i(M,N)=0$ for all $i\geq n_M$. Some of our examples moreover yield homologically defined classes of commutative local rings strictly between the class of local complete intersections and the class of local Gorenstein rings.
This paper applies G. Lyubeznik's notion of $F$-finite modules to describe in a very down-to-earth manner certain annihilator submodules of some top local cohomology modules over Gorenstein rings. As a consequence we obtain an explicit description of the test ideal of Gorenstein rings in terms of ideals in a regular ring.
We investigate symmetry in the vanishing of Tate cohomology for finitely generated modules over local Gorenstein rings. For finitely generated R-modules M and N over Gorenstein local ring R, it is shown that $\widehat{Ext}^i_R(M,N)=0$ for all $i\in\mathbb{Z}$ if and only if $\widehat{Ext}^i_R(N,M)=0$ for all $i\in\mathbb{Z}$.
We define a notion of Gorenstein flat dimension for unbounded complexes over left GF-closed rings. Over Gorenstein rings we introduce a notion of Gorenstein cohomology for complexes; we also define a generalized Tate cohomology for complexes over Gorenstein rings, and we show that there is a close connection between the absolute, the Gorenstein and the generalized Tate cohomology.
The purpose of this paper is to give some equivalent conditions to the socle and Bass numbers' conjectures which raised by C. Huneke in (Problems on local cohomology, Free resolutions in commutative algebra and algebraic geometry, Res. Notes Math. 1992, pp. 93-108). In addition, some results about certain Gorenstein ideals are included.
We prove that if M, N are finite modules over a Gorenstein local ring R of codimension at most 4, then the vanishing of Ext^n_R(M,N) for n\gg 0 is equivalent to the vanishing of Ext^n_R(N,M) for n\gg 0. Furthermore, if the completion of $R$ has no embedded deformation, then such vanishing occurs if and only if M or N has finite projective dimension.
Let $R$ be a Gorenstein local ring with maximal ideal $\mathfrak{m}$ satisfying $\mathfrak{m}^3=0\ne\mathfrak{m}^2$. Set $k=R/\mathfrak{m}$ and $e=\text{rank}_{k}(\mathfrak{m}/\mathfrak{m}^2)$. If $e>2$ and $M$, $N$ are finitely generated $R$-modules, we show that the formal power series $\sum_{i=0}^\infty\text{rank}_{k}\left(\text{Ext}^i_R(M,N)\otimes_R k \right)t^i$ and $\sum_{i=0}^\infty\text{rank}_{k}\left(\text{Tor}_i^R(M,N)\otimes_R k \right)t^i$ are rational, with denominator $1-et+t^2$.
The aim of this paper is to study the theory of cohomology annihilators over commutative Gorenstein rings. We adopt a triangulated category point of view and study the annihilation of stable category of maximal Cohen-Macaulay modules. We prove that in dimension one the cohomology annihilator ideal and the conductor ideal coincide under mild assumptions. We present a condition on a ring homomorphism between Gorenstein rings which allows us to carry the cohomology annihilator of the domain to that of the codomain. As an application, we generalize the Milnor-Jung formula for algebraic curves to t…
Let $\fa$ be an ideal of a Noetherian local ring $R$ and let $C$ be a semidualizing $R$-module. For an $R$-module $X$, we denote any of the quantities $\fd_R X$, $\Gfd_R X$ and $\GCfd_RX$ by $\T(X)$. Let $M$ be an $R$-module such that $\H_{\fa}^i(M)=0$ for all $i\neq n$. It is proved that if $\T(X)<\infty$, then $\T(\H_{\fa}^n(M))\leq\T(M)+n$ and the equality holds whenever $M$ is finitely generated. With the aid of these results, among other things, we characterize Cohen-Macaulay modules, dualizing modules and Gorenstein rings.
Let $R$ be a Gorenstein local ring, $\frak{a}$ an ideal in $R$, and $M$ an $R$-module. The local cohomology of $M$ supported at $\frak{a}$ can be computed by applying the $\frak{a}$-torsion functor to an injective resolution of $M$. Since $R$ is Gorenstein, $M$ has a complete injective resolution, so it is natural to ask what one gets by applying the $\frak{a}$-torsion functor to it. Following this lead, we define stable local cohomology for modules with complete injective resolutions. This gives a functor to the stable category of Gorenstein injective modules. We show that in many ways this b…
Let $(R,\fm)$ be a local ring and let $C$ be a semidualizing $R$--module. In this paper, we are concerned in $C$--injective and $G_{C}$--injective dimensions of certain local cohomology modules of $R$. Firstly, the injective dimension of $C$ and the above quantities of dimensions is compared. Then, as an application of the above comparisons, a characterization of a dualizing module of $R$ is given. Finally, it is shown that if $R$ is Cohen-Macaulay of dimension $d$ such that $\H_{\fm}^{d}(C)$ is $C$--injective, then $R$ is Gorernstein. This is an answer to the question which was recently prese…
In this paper several quasi-Gorenstein counterparts to some known properties of Gorenstein rings are given. We, furthermore, give an explicit description of the attach prime ideals of certain local cohomology modules.
We investigate relative cohomology functors on subcategories of abelian categories via Auslander-Buchweitz approximations and the resulting strict resolutions. We verify that certain comparison maps between these functors are isomorphisms and introduce a notion of perfection for this context. Our main theorem is a balance result for relative cohomology that simultaneously recovers theorems of Holm and the current authors as special cases.
A generalization of Grothendieck's non-vanishing theorem is proved for a module which is finite over a local homomorphism. It is also proved that the Gorenstein injective dimension of such a module, if finite, is bounded below by its Krull dimension and is equal to the supremum of the depths of the localizations of the ring over primes in the support of the module.
For homomorphism K-->S of commutative rings, where K is Gorenstein and S is essentially of finite type and flat as a K-module, the property that all non-trivial fiber rings of K-->S are Gorenstein is characterized in terms of properties of the cohomology modules Ext_n^{S\otimes_KS}S{S\otimes_KS}.
We define and study a notion of Gorenstein projective dimension for complexes of left modules over associative rings. For complexes of finite Gorenstein projective dimension we define and study a Tate cohomology theory. Tate cohomology groups have a natural transformation to classical Ext groups. In the case of module arguments, we show that these maps fit into a long exact sequence, where every third term is a relative cohomology group defined for left modules of finite Gorenstein projective dimension.
Let $(R,\fm)$ be a commutative Noetherian local ring and let $M$ be an $R$-module which is a relative Cohen-Macaulay with respect to a proper ideal $\fa$ of $R$ and set $n:=\h_{M}\fa$. We prove that $\ind M<\infty$ if and only if $\ind\H^{n}_\fa(M)<\infty$ and that $\ind\H^{n}_\fa(M)=\ind M-n$. We also prove that if $R$ has a dualizing complex and $\Gid_{R} M<\infty$, then $\Gid_{R}\H^{n}_\fa(M)<\infty$ and $\Gid_{R}\H^{n}_\fa(M)=\Gid_{R} M-n$. Moreover if $R$ and $M$ are Cohen-Macaulay, then it is proved that $\Gid_{R} M<\infty$ whenever $\Gid_{R}\H^{n}_\fa(M)<\infty$. Next, for a finitely ge…
Graded skew-commutative rings occur often in practice. Here are two examples: 1) The cohomology ring of a compact three-dimensional manifold. 2) The cohomology ring of the complement of a hyperplane arrangement (the Orlik-Solomon algebra). We present some applications of the homological theory of these graded skew-commutative rings. In particular we find compact oriented 3-manifolds without boundary for which the Hilbert series of the Yoneda Ext-algebra of the cohomology ring of the fundamental group is an explicit transcendental function. This is only possible for large first Betti numbers of…
Let \fa be an ideal of a commutative Noetherian ring R and M and N two finitely generated R-modules. Let \cd_{\fa}(M,N) denote the supremum of the i's such that H^i_{\fa}(M,N)\neq 0. First, by using the theory of Gorenstein homological dimensions, we obtain several upper bounds for \cd_{\fa}(M,N). Next, over a Cohen-Macaulay local ring (R,\fm), we show that \cd_{\fm}(M,N)=\dim R-\grade(\Ann_RN,M), provided that either projective dimension of M or injective dimension of N is finite. Finally, over such rings, we establish an analogue of the Hartshorne-Lichtenbaum Vanishing Theorem in the context…
The paper describes a duality phenomenon for cohomology theories with the character of Gorenstein rings. For a connective cohomology theory with the p-local integers in degree 0, and coefficient ring R_* Gorenstein of shift 0, this states that for X with R_*(X) torsion, we have R^*(X)=Σ^a Hom( R_*(X), Z/p^{\infty}). A corresponding statement for modules over a commutative Gorenstein ring spectrum is also proved. [Minor typographical and bibliographic changes to the last version.]
For a horizontally linked module, over a commutative semiperfect Noetherian ring $R$, the connections of its invariants reduced grade, Gorenstein dimension and depth are studied. It is shown that under certain conditions the depth of a horizontally linked module is equal to the reduced grade of its linked module. The connection of the Serre condition $(S_n)$ on an $R$--module of finite Gorenstein dimension with the vanishing of the local cohomology groups of its linked module is discussed.
Let $(R,\fm)$ be a local ring and $(-)^{\vee}$ denote the Matlis duality functor. We investigate the relationship between Foxby equivalence and local duality through generalized local cohomology modules. Assume that $R$ possesses a normalized dualizing complex $D$ and $X$ and $Y$ are two homologically bounded complexes of $R$-modules with finitely generated homology modules. We present several duality results for $\fm$-section complex ${\bf R}Γ_{\fm}({\bf R}\Hom_R(X,Y))$. In particular, if G-dimension of $X$ and injective dimension of $Y$ are finite, then we show that $${\bf R}Γ_{\fm}({\bf R}\…
In this paper we study the local cohomology of all finitely generated bigraded modules over a standard bigraded polynomial ring which have only one nonvanishing local cohomology with respect to one of the irrelevant bigraded ideals.
It is proved that if one of the finite modules M and N, over a local ring R, has reducible complexity and has finite Gorenstein dimension then the depth formula holds, provided TorR_i(M,N) = 0 for i>>0. We also study the vanishing of cohomology of a module of finite complete intersection dimension.
We study the conditions under which the highest nonvanishing local cohomology module of a domain $R$ with support in an ideal $I$ is faithful over $R$, i.e., which guarantee that $H^c_I(R)$ is faithful, where $c$ is the cohomological dimension of $I$. In particular, we prove that this is true for the case of positive prime characteristic when $c$ is the number of generators of $I$.
We study commutative algebras with Gorenstein duality, i.e. algebras $A$ equipped with a non-degenerate bilinear pairing such that $\langle ac,b\rangle=\langle a,bc\rangle$ for any $a,b,c\in A$. If an algebra $A$ is Artinian, such pairing exists if and only if $A$ is Gorenstein. We give a description of algebras with Gorenstein duality as a quotients of the ring of differential operators by the annihilator of an explicit polynomial (or more generally formal polynomial series). This provides a calculation of Macaulay's inverse systems for (not necessarily Artinian) algebras with Gorenstein dual…
Let R be a Gorenstein local domain of dimension one. We show that a nonfree maximal Cohen--Macaulay R-module M possessing more than one nonfree indecomposable summand in the middle term of the almost split sequence ending in M has a nonvanishing self extension. In other words, we show that the Huneke--Wiegand conjecture is affirmative for such R-modules M.
We find the defining equations of Rees rings of linearly presented height three Gorenstein ideals. To prove our main theorem we use local cohomology techniques to bound the maximum generator degree of the torsion submodule of symmetric powers in order to conclude that the defining equations of the Rees algebra and the special fiber ring have the same image in the symmetric algebra. We show that this image is the unmixed part of the ideal generated by the maximal minors of a matrix of linear forms which is annihilated by a vector of indeterminates, and otherwise has maximal possible grade. An i…
Let $\fa$ denote an ideal of a $d$-dimensional Gorenstein local ring $R$ and $M$ and $N$ two finitely generated $R$-modules with $\pd M< \infty$. It is shown that $H^d_{\fa}(M,N)=0$ if and only if $\dim \hat{R}\big/ \fa\hat{R}+\fp>0$ for all $\fp\in\Ass_{\hat{R}}\hat{M}\cap\Supp_{\hat{R}}\hat{N}$.
Auslander conjectured that every Artin algebra satisfies a certain condition on vanishing of cohomology of finitely generated modules. The failure of this conjecture - by a 2003 counterexample due to Jorgensen and Sega - motivates the consideration of the class of rings that do satisfy Auslander's condition. We call them AC rings and show that an AC Artin algebra that is left-Gorenstein is also right-Gorenstein. Furthermore, the Auslander-Reiten Conjecture is proved for AC rings, and Auslander's G-dimension is shown to be functorial for AC rings that are commutative or have a dualizing complex…
Gorenstein rings are important to mathematical areas as diverse as algebraic geometry, where they encode information about singularities of spaces, and homotopy theory, through the concept of model categories. In consequence, the study of Gorenstein rings has led to the advent of a whole branch of homological algebra, known as Gorenstein homological algebra. This paper solves one of the open problems of Gorenstein homological algebra by showing that so-called Gorenstein projective resolutions exist over quite general rings, thereby enabling the definition of a Gorenstein version of derived fun…
Given a local domain $(R,m)$ of prime characteristic that is a homomorphic image of a Gorenstein ring, Huneke and Lyubeznik proved that there exists a module-finite extension domain $S$ such that the induced map on local cohomology modules $H^i_m(R)\to H^i_m(S)$ is zero for each $i<\dim R$. We prove that the extension $S$ may be chosen to be generically Galois, and analyze the Galois groups that arise.
Let $M$ denote a finitely generated module over a Noetherian ring $R$. For an ideal $I \subset R$ there is a study of the endomorphisms of the local cohomology module $H^g_I(M), g = \operatorname{grade} (I,M),$ and related results. Another subject is the study of left derived functors of the $I$-adic completion $Λ^I_i(H^g_I(M))$, motivated by a characterization of Gorenstein rings given in the book by Simon and the author. This provides another Cohen-Macaulay criterion. The results are illustrated by several examples. There is also an extension to the case of homomorphisms of two different loc…
Let $R$ be a commutative Noetherian local ring with residue field $k$. Using the structure of Vogel cohomology, for any finitely generated module $M$, we introduce a new dimension, called $ζ$-dimension, denoted by $ζ-dim_R M$. This dimension is finer than Gorenstein dimension and has nice properties enjoyed by homological dimensions. In particular, it characterizes Gorenstein rings in the sense that: a ring $R$ is Gorenstein if and only if every finitely generated $R$-module has finite $ζ$-dimension. Our definition of $ζ$-dimension offer a new homological perspective on the projective dimensio…
Let $I$ denote an ideal of a local Gorenstein ring $(R, \mathfrak m)$. Then we show that the local cohomology module $H^c_I(R), c = \height I,$ is indecomposable if and only if $V(I_d)$ is connected in codimension one. Here $I_d$ denotes the intersection of the highest dimensional primary components of $I.$ This is a partial extension of a result shown by Hochster and Huneke in the case $I$ the maximal ideal. Moreover there is an analysis of connectedness properties in relation to various aspects of local cohomology. Among others we show that the endomorphism ring of $H^c_I(R)$ is a local Noet…
We introduce an idea for generalization of a local cohomology module, which we call a local cohomology module with respect to a pair of ideals (I,J), and study their various properties. Some vanishing and nonvanishing theorems are given for this generalized version of local cohomology. We also discuss its connection with the ordinary local cohomology.
We establish a criterion for the strong $F$-regularity of a (non-Gorenstein) Cohen-Macaulay reduced complete local ring of dimension at least $2$, containing a perfect field of prime characteristic $p$. We also describe an explicit generating morphism (in the sense of Lyubeznik) for the top local cohomology module with support in certain ideals arising from an $n\times (n-1)$ matrix $X$ of indeterminates. For $p\geq 5$, these results led us to derive a simple, new proof of the well-known fact that the generic determinantal ring defined by the maximal minors of $X$ is strongly $F$-regular.
Given a commutative noetherian non-positive DG-ring with bounded cohomology which has a dualizing DG-module, we study its regular, Gorenstein and Cohen-Macaulay loci. We give a sufficient condition for the regular locus to be open, and show that the Gorenstein locus is always open. However, both of these loci are often empty: we show that no matter how nice $\mathrm{H}^0(A)$ is, there are examples where the Gorenstein locus of $A$ is empty. We then show that the Cohen-Macaulay locus of a commutative noetherian DG-ring with bounded cohomology which has a dualizing DG-module always contains a de…
Stable cohomology is a generalization of Tate cohomology to associative rings, first defined by Pierre Vogel. For a commutative local ring $R$ with residue field $k$, stable cohomology modules $\widehat{\mathrm{Ext}}{\vphantom E}^{n}_R\;(k,k)$, defined for $n\in\mathbb{Z}$, have been studied by Avramov and Veliche. Stable cohomology carries a structure of $\mathbb{Z}$-graded $k$-algebra. One of the main goals of this paper is to prove that, for a class of Gorenstein rings, this algebra is a trivial extension of absolute cohomology $\mathrm{Ext}_R(k,k)$ and a shift of $\mathrm{Hom}_k(\mathrm{Ex…
We make use of the concepts of Tor-rigid and rigid-test modules, among others, to investigate the interplay between cohomology vanishing and the finiteness of several homological dimensions such as projective, injective and Gorenstein injective dimensions. Besides criteria for the freeness of modules, the applications include new characterizations of Gorenstein and regular local rings, which are also of interest in the realm of algebraic geometry.
A new construction of rings is introduced, studied, and applied. Given surjective homomorphisms $R\to T\gets S$ of local rings, and ideals in $R$ and $S$ that are isomorphic to some $T$-module $V$, the \emph{connected sum} $R#_TS$ is defined to be the local ring obtained by factoring out the diagonal image of $V$ in the fiber product $R\times_TS$. When $T$ is Cohen-Macaulay of dimension $d$ and $V$ is a canonical module of $T$, it is proved that if $R$ and $S$ are Gorenstein of dimension $d$, then so is $R#_TS$. This result is used to study how closely an artinian ring can be approximated by G…
The focus of this paper is on a poorly understood invariant of a commutative noetherian local ring $R$ with residue field $k$: the stable cohomology modules $\hat{Ext}^{n}_R(k,k)$, defined for each $n\in\mathbb{Z}$ by Benson and Carlson, Mislin, and Vogel; it coincides with Tate cohomology when $R$ is Gorenstein. It is proved that important properties of $R$, such as being regular, complete intersection, or Gorenstein, are detected by the $k$-rank of $\hat{Ext}^{n}_R(k,k)$ for an arbitrary $n\in\mathbb{Z}$. Such numerical characterizations are made possible by results on the structure of $\mat…
Using the theory of cohomology annihilators, we define a family of topologies on the set of isomorphism classes of maximal Cohen-Macaulay modules over a Gorenstein ring. We study compactness of these topologies.
Tate cohomology was originally defined over finite groups. More recently, Avramov and Martsinkovsky showed how to extend the definition so that it now works well over Gorenstein rings. This paper improves the theory further by giving a new definition that works over more general rings, specifically, those with a dualizing complex. The new definition of Tate cohomology retains the desirable properties established by Avramov and Martsinkovsky. Notably, there is a long exact sequence connecting it to ordinary Ext groups.
Given a local ring of positive prime characteristic there is a natural Frobenius action on its local cohomology modules with support at its maximal ideal. In this paper we study the local rings for which the local cohomology modules have only finitely many submodules invariant under the Frobenius action. In particular we prove that F-pure Gorenstein local rings as well as the face ring of a finite simplicial complex localized or completed at its homogeneous maximal ideal have this property. We also introduce the notion of an anti-nilpotent Frobenius action on an Artinian module over a local ri…
We provide a formula (see Theorem 1.5) for the Matlis dual of the injective hull of $R/\mathfrak{p}$ where $\mathfrak p$ is a one dimensional prime ideal in a local complete Gorenstein domain $(R,\mathfrak{m})$. This is related to results of Enochs and Xu (see [4] and [3]). We prove a certain 'dual' version of the Hartshorne-Lichtenbaum vanishing (see Theorem 2.2). There is a generalization of local duality to cohomologically complete intersection ideals $I$ in the sense that for $I=\mathfrak{m}$ we get back the classical Local Duality Theorem. We determine the exact class of modules to which …
Auslander's depth formula for pairs of Tor-independent modules over a regular local ring, depth(M \otimes N) = depth(M) + depth(N) - depth(R), has been generalized in several directions over a span of four decades. In this paper we establish a depth formula that holds for every pair of Tate Tor-independent modules over a Gorenstein local ring. It subsumes previous eneralizations of Auslander's formula and yields exact bounds for vanishing of cohomology over certain Gorenstein rings.
Let $K$ be a field and let $R$ be a regular domain containing $K$. Let $G$ be a finite subgroup of the group of automorphisms of $R$. We assume that $|G|$ is invertible in $K$. Let $R^G$ be the ring of invariants of $G$. Let $I$ be an ideal in $R^G$. Fix $i \geq 0$. If $R^G$ is Gorenstein then, \begin{enumerate} \item $injdim_{R^G} H^i_I(R^G) \leq \dim \ Supp \ H^i_I(R^G).$ \item $H^j_{\mathfrak{m}}(H^i_I(R^G))$ is injective, where $\mathfrak{m}$ is any maximal ideal of $R^G$. \item $μ_j(P, H^i_I(R^G)) = μ_j(P^\prime, H^i_{IR}(R))$ where $P^\prime$ is any prime in $R$ lying above $P$. \end{enu…
Let $(R,\mathfrak{m})$ denote an $n$-dimensional Gorenstein ring. For an ideal $I \subset R$ with $\grade I = c$ we define new numerical invariants $τ_{i,j}(I)$ as the socle dimensions of $H^i_{\mathfrak{m}}(H^{n-j}_I(R))$. In case of a regular local ring containing a field these numbers coincide with the Lyubeznik numbers $λ_{i,j}(R/I)$. We use $τ_{d,d}(I), d = \dim R/I,$ to characterize the surjectivity of the natural homomorphism $f : \hat{R} \to \Hom_{\hat{R}}(H^c_{I\hat{R}}(\hat{R}),H^c_{I\hat{R}}(\hat{R}))$. As a technical tool we study several natural homomorphisms. Moreover we prove a …
Let $(R,\m,k)$ be a commutative noetherian local ring of Krull dimension $d$. We prove that the cohomology annihilator $\ca(R)$ of $R$ is $\m$-primary if and only if for some $n\ge0$ the $n$-th syzygies in $\mod R$ are constructed from syzygies of $k$ by taking direct sums/summands and a fixed number of extensions. These conditions yield that $R$ is an isolated singularity such that the bounded derived category $\db(R)$ and the singularity category $\ds(R)$ have finite dimension, and the converse holds when $R$ is Gorenstein. We also show that the modules locally free on the punctured spectrum…
For given integers $m,n \geq 2$ there are examples of ideals $I$ of complete determinantal local rings $(R,\mathfrak{m}), \dim R = m+n-1, \operatorname{grade} I = n-1,$ with the canonical module $ω_R$ and the property that the socle dimensions of $H^{m+n-2}_I(ω_R)$ and $H^m_{\mathfrak{m}}(H^{n-1}_I(ω_R))$ are not finite. In the case of $m = n$, i.e. a Gorenstein ring, the socle dimensions provide further information about the $τ$-numbers as studied in \cite{MS}. Moreover, the endomorphism ring of $H^{n-1}_I(ω_R)$ is studied and shown to be an $R$-algebra of finite type but not finitely generat…
In this article, we prove that if $R\to S$ is a homomorphism of Noetherian rings that splits, then for every $i\geq 0$ and ideal $I\subset R$, $\Ass_R H^i_I(R)$ is finite when $\Ass_S H^i_{IS}(S)$ is finite. In addition, if $S$ is a Cohen-Macaulay ring that is finitely generated as an $R$-module, such that all the Bass numbers of $H^i_{IS}(S)$, as an $S$-module, are finite, then all the Bass numbers of $H^i_{I}(R)$, as an $R$-module, are finite. Moreover, we show these results for a larger class a functors introduced by Lyubeznik. As a consequence, we exhibit a Gorenstein $F$-regular UFD of po…
