Federico Rodriguez Hertz
We prove that some ergodic linear automorphisms of $\T^N$ are stably ergodic, i.e. any small perturbation remains ergodic. The class of linear automorphisms we deal with includes all non-Anosov ergodic automorphisms when N=4 and so, as a corollary, we get that every ergodic linear automorphism of $\T^N$ is stably ergodic when $N\leq 5$.
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If a non-ergodic, partially hyperbolic diffeomorphism on the 3-torus is homotopic to an Anosov diffeomorphism $A$, it is topologically conjugate to $A$.
Advances on Stable Ergodicity of Toral Automorphisms
本文证明了N维紧致流形上具有二维中心的遍历自同构是稳定遍历的，扩展了Rodriguez-Hertz的结果，核心是极小性准则。
We prove that the automorphism group of the semigeneric directed graph (in the sense of Cherlin's classification) is uniquely ergodic.
Let $f: \mathbb{T}^2 \to \mathbb{T}^2$ be a homeomorphism homotopic to the identity and $F: \mathbb{R}^2 \to \mathbb{R}^2$ a lift of $f$ such that the rotation set $ρ(F)$ is a line segment of rational slope containing a point in $\mathbb{Q}^2$. We prove that if $f$ is ergodic with respect to the Lebesgue measure on the torus and the average rotation vector (with respect to same measure) does not belong to $\mathbb{Q}^2$ then some power of $f$ is an annular homeomorphism.
We show that the ergodicity of an aperiodic automorphism of a Lebesgue space is equivalent to the continuity of a certain map on a metric Boolean algebra. A related characterization is also presented for periodic and totally ergodic transformations
We study mixing properties of epimorphisms of a compact connected finite-dimensional abelian group $X$. In particular, we show that a set $F$, $|F|>\dim X$, of epimorphisms of $X$ is mixing iff every subset of $F$ of cardinality $(\dim X)+1$ is mixing. We also construct examples of free nonabelian groups of automorphisms of tori which are mixing, but not mixing of order 3, and show that, under some irreducibility assumptions, ergodic groups of automorphisms contain mixing subgroups and free nonabelian mixing subsemigroups.
We study topological properties of automorphisms of 4-dimensional torus generated by integer symplectic matrices. The main classifying element is the structure of the topology of a foliation generated by unstable leaves of the automorphism. There two different case, transitive and decomposable ones. For both case the classification is given.
We establish a strong form of local rigidity for hyperbolic automorphisms of the 3-torus with real spectrum. Namely, let $L\colon\mathbb T^3\to\mathbb T^3$ be a hyperbolic automorphism of the 3-torus with real spectrum and let $f$ be a $C^1$ small perturbation of $L$. Then $f$ is smoothly ($C^\infty$) conjugate to $L$ if and only if obstructions to $C^1$ conjugacy given by the eigenvalues at periodic points of $f$ vanish. By combining our result and a local rigidity result of Kalinin and Sadovskaya for conformal automorphisms this completes the local rigidity program for hyperbolic automorphis…
In the paper we give an introduction to Anosov diffeomorphisms, ways to represent their chaotic properties and some historical remarks on this subject. A complete classification of hyperbolic linear automorphisms of 2-torus is presented. We introduce a notion of pre-Markov partition for such automorphisms and give their classification and an algorithm for their construction.
We study the arithmetic codings of hyperbolic automorphisms of the 2-torus, i.e. the continuous mappings acting from a certain symbolic space of sequences with a finite alphabet endowed with an appropriate structure of additive group onto the torus which preserve this structure and turn the two-sided shift into a given automorphism of the torus. This group is uniquely defined by an automorphism, and such an arithmetic coding is a homomorphism of that group onto the 2-torus. The necessary and sufficient condition of the existence of a bijective arithmetic coding is obtained; it is formulated in…
In this paper we provide a necessary and sufficient condition for the amenability of the automorphism group of Fraïssé structures and apply it to prove the non-amenability of the automorphism groups of the directed graph $\mathbf{S}(3)$ and the Boron tree structure $\mathbf{T}$. Also, we provide a negative answer to the Unique Ergodicity-Generic Point problem of Angel-Kechris-Lyons [AKL]. By considering $\mathrm{GL}(\mathbf{V}_\infty)$, where $\mathbf{V}_\infty$ is the countably infinite dimensional vector space over a finite field $F_q$, we show that the unique invariant measure on the univer…
We study topological properties of automorphisms of a 6-dimensional torus generated by integer matrices symplectic with respect to either the standard symplectic structure in six-dimensional linear space or a nonstandard symplectic structure given by an integer skew-symmetric non-degenerate matrix. Such a symplectic matrix generates a partially hyperbolic automorphism of the torus, if it has eigenvalues both outside and on the unit circle. We study the case (2,2,2), numbers are dimensions of stable, center and unstable subspaces of the matrix. We study transitive and decomposable cases possibl…
An algebraic $Γ$-action is an action of a countable group $Γ$ on a compact abelian group $X$ by continuous automorphisms of $X$. We prove that any expansive algebraic action of a finitely generated nilpotent group $Γ$ on a connected group $X$ is ergodic. We also show that this result does not hold for actions of polycyclic groups.
We show that the only random orderings of finite graphs that are invariant under isomorphism and induced subgraph are the uniform random orderings. We show how this implies the unique ergodicity of the automorphism group of the random graph. We give similar theorems for other structures, including, for example, metric spaces. These give the first examples of uniquely ergodic groups, other than compact groups and extremely amenable groups, after Glasner and Weiss's example of the group of all permutations of the integers. We also contrast these results to those for certain special classes of gr…
Non-ergodicity on SU(2) and SU(3) character varieties of the once-punctured torus
本文运用KAM理论证明，在单孔环面的相对SU(2)和SU(3)特征簇的某些层级上，单个双曲元素的作用不具有遍历性。
Let T be an ergodic automorphism of the d-dimensional torus. In the spirit of Le Borgne, we give conditions on the Fourier coeffi cients of a real valued function f under which the Birkhoff sums satis fy a strong invariance principle. Next, reinforcing the condition on the Fourier coeffi cients in a natural way, we obtain explicit rates of convergence in the strong invariance principle.
We show that if $r\geq 3$ and $α$ is a faithful $Z^r$-Cartan action on a torus $T^d$ by automorphisms, then any closed subset of $(T^d)^2$ which is invariant and topologically transitive under the diagonal $\bZ^r$-action by $α$ is homogeneous, in the sense that it is either the full torus $(T^d)^2$, or a finite set of rational points, or a finite disjoint union of parallel translates of some d-dimensional invariant subtorus. A counterexample is constructed for the rank 2 case.
We show that in the neighborhood of each ``finite type'' singular orbit of a real analytic integrable dynamical system (hamiltonian or not) there is a real analytic torus action which preserves the system and which is transitive on this orbit. We also show that the local automorphism group of the system near such an orbit is
We show that for certain classes of actions of Z^d, d >= 2, by automorphisms of the torus any measurable conjugacy has to be affine, hence measurable conjugacy implies algebraic conjugacy; similarly any measurable factor is algebraic, and algebraic and affine centralizers provide invariants of measurable conjugacy. Using the algebraic machinery of dual modules and information about class numbers of algebraic number fields we consruct various examples of Z^d-actions by Bernoulli automorphisms whose measurable orbit structure is rigid, including actions which are weakly isomorphic but not isomor…
We proved that any Lorentz transformation of 2-torus is Anosov automorphism. One completely describes admissible parameters of Lorentz transformations and their arithmetical properties. One proved that an admissible speed light parameter has a countable spectra accumulating to this parameter.
In this work we completely classify $C^\infty$ conjugacy for conservative partially hyperbolic diffeomorphisms homotopic to a linear Anosov automorphism on the 3-torus by its center foliation behavior. We prove that the uniform version of absolute continuity for the center foliation is the natural hypothesis to obtain $C^\infty$ conjugacy to its linear Anosov automorphism. On a recent work Avila, Viana and Wilkinson proved that for a perturbation in the volume preserving case of the time-one map of an Anosov flow absolute continuity of the center foliation implies smooth rigidity. The absolute…
We study the discrete cohomological equation of a hyperbolic affine automorphism Y of the torus (whose linear part is not necessarily diagonalisable). More precisely ; if d is the cobord operator defined by : d (h) = h-hoY for every element h of the Fréchet space E of the differentiable functions on the torus, we show that the image Im(d) is a closed of E and that consequently the space of cohomology H^1(Y; E):=E/Im(d) is a nontrivial Fréchet space. We also prove the existence of a continuous linear operator L defined from Im(d) to E such that for every element g of Im(d), the image f = L(g) i…
On uniform recurrence for hyperbolic automorphisms of the $2$-dimensional torus
该研究针对二维环面双曲自同构的一致回复集合，弥补高维双曲动力系统相关研究的不足，显式计算出对应集合的Hausdorff维数。
In this series, we investigate quantum ergodicity at small scales for linear hyperbolic maps of the torus ("cat maps'"). In Part II of the series, we construct quasimodes that are quantum ergodic but are not equidistributed at the logarithmical scales.
We consider two C^2 Anosov diffeomorphisms in a C^1 neighborhood of a linear hyperbolic automorphism of three dimensional torus with real spectrum. We prove that they are C^1+ conjugate if and only if the differentials of the return maps at corresponding periodic points have the same eigenvalues.
We confirm, to some extent, the belief that a projective variety X has the largest number (relative to the dimension of X) of independent commuting automorphisms of positive entropy only when X is birational to a complex torus or a quotient of a torus. We also include an addendum to an early paper though it is not used in the present paper.
We study the $C^*$-algebras of the étale groupoids defined by the asymptotic equivalence relations for hyperbolic automorphisms on the two-dimensional torus. The algebras are proved to be four-dimensional non-commutative tori by an explicit numerical computation. The ranges of the unique tracial states of its $K_0$-groups of the $C^*$-algebras are described in terms of the hyperbolic matrices of the automorphisms on the torus.
We prove sharp estimates in a shrinking target problem for the action of an arbitrary subgroup $Γ$ of $SL_2(\mathbb{Z})$ on the 2-torus. This can also be viewed as a non-commutative Diophantine approximation problem. The methods require constructing spectrally optimal random walks on groups acting properly cocompactly on Gromov hyperbolic spaces. Additionally, using Fourier analysis we give estimates for the same problem in higher dimensions.
Let $K$ be a compact metrizable group and $\Ga$ be a finitely generated group of commuting automorphisms of $K$. We show that ergodicity of $\Ga$ implies $\Ga$ contains ergodic automorphisms if center of the action, $Z(\Ga) = \{\ap \in {\rm Aut}(K) \mid \ap {\rm commutes with elements of \rm} \Ga \}$ has DCC. To explain that the condition on the center of the action is not restrictive, we discuss certain abelian groups which in particular, retrieves Theorems of Berend \cite{Be} and Schmidt \cite{Sc1} proved in this context.
Dynamics of actions of automorphisms on the space of one-parameter subgroups of a torus and applications
本文研究连通李群自同构在闭单参数子群紧空间 Sub$^p_G$ 上的 distal 与扩张动力学，证明环面上仅有限阶自同构 distal 作用，并证明中心环面维数至少为 2 的连通李群不存在扩张自同构，推广了若干已有结果。
We consider an irreducible Anosov automorphism L of a torus T^d such that no three eigenvalues have the same modulus. We show that L is locally rigid, that is, L is C^1 conjugate to any C^1-small perturbation f with the same periodic data. We also prove that toral automorphisms satisfying these assumptions are generic in SL(d,Z). Examples constructed in the Appendix by Rafael de la Llave show importance of the assumption on the eigenvalues.
We consider dissipative systems resulting from the Gaussian and $alpha$-stable noise perturbations of measure-preserving maps on the $d$ dimensional torus. We study the dissipation time scale and its physical implications as the noise level $\vep$ vanishes. We show that nonergodic maps give rise to an $O(1/\vep)$ dissipation time whereas ergodic toral automorphisms, including cat maps and their $d$-dimensional generalizations, have an $O(\ln{(1/\vep)})$ dissipation time with a constant related to the minimal, {\em dimensionally averaged entropy} among the automorphism's irreducible blocks. Our…
We consider the geodesic flow of reversible Finsler metrics on the 2-sphere and the 2-torus, whose geodesic flow has vanishing topological entropy. Following a construction of A. Katok, we discuss examples of Finsler metrics on both surfaces, which have large ergodic components for the geodesic flow in the unit tangent bundle. On the other hand, using results of J. Franks and M. Handel, we prove that ergodicity and dense orbits cannot occur in the full unit tangent bundle of the 2-sphere, if the Finsler metric has positive flag curvatures and at least two closed geodesics. In the case of the 2…
In this paper we address the existence and ergodicity of non-hyperbolic attracting sets for a certain class of smooth endomorphisms on the solid torus. Such systems allow a formulation as a skew product system defined by planar diffeomorphisms have contraction on average which forced by any expanding circle map. These attractors are invariant graphs of upper semicontinuous maps which support exactly one $SRB$ measure. In our approach, these skew product systems arising from iterated function systems generated by a finitely many weak contractive diffeomorphisms. Under some conditions including …
In this series, we investigate quantum ergodicity at small scales for linear hyperbolic maps of the torus ("cat maps"). In Part I of the series, we prove quantum ergodicity at various scales. Let $N=1/h$, in which $h$ is the Planck constant. First, for all integers $N\in\mathbb{N}$, we show quantum ergodicity at logarithmical scales $|\log h|^{-α}$ for some $α>0$. Second, we show quantum ergodicity at polynomial scales $h^α$ for some $α>0$, in two special cases: $N\in S(\mathbb{N})$ of a full density subset $S(\mathbb{N})$ of integers and Hecke eigenbasis for all integers.
Topological centralizers of perturbations of ergodic toral automorphisms with two dimensional center
该研究针对具有二维中心的遍历环面自同构的C²²邻域内的微分同胚，证明了二分性结果，明确了其可达性与拓扑共轭的等价条件，给出了其中心化子的结构。
Let $T$ be an algebraic automorphism of $\mathbb{T}^{m}$ having the following property: the characteristic polynomial of its matrix is irreducible over $\mathbb{Q}$, and a Pisot number $β$ is one of its roots. We define the mapping $ϕ_{\mathbf{t}}$ acting from the two-sided $β$-compactum onto $\mathbb{T}^{m}$ as follows: \[ ϕ_{\mathbf{t}}(\barε)= \sum_{k\in\mathbb{Z}}ε_{k}T^{-k}\mathbf{t}, \] where $\mathbf{t}$ is a fundamental homoclinic point for $T$, i.e., a point homoclinic to $\mathbf{0}$ such that the linear span of its orbit is the whole homoclinic group (provided such a point exists). …
For an automorphism group G on an n-dimensional (n > 2) normal projective variety or a compact Kähler manifold X so that G modulo its subgroup N(G) of null entropy elements is an abelian group of maximal rank n-1, we show that N(G) is virtually contained in Aut_0(X), the X is a quotient of a complex torus T and G is mostly descended from the symmetries on the torus T, provided that both X and the pair (X, G) are minimal.
Masur showed that a Teichmuller geodesic that is recurrent in the moduli space of closed Riemann surfaces is necessarily determined by a quadratic differential with a uniquely ergodic vertical foliation. In this paper, we show that a divergent Teichmuller geodesic satisfying a certain slow rate of divergence is also necessarily determined by a quadratic differential with unique ergodic vertical foliation. As an application, we sketch a proof of a complete characterization of the set of nonergodic directions in any double cover of the flat torus branched over two points.
For every irreducible automorphism $ϕ\in\text{SL}_3({\mathbb Z})$ of the $3$-torus, for which the product of the expanding eigenvalues is positive, we construct a pseudo-Anosov mapping $f$ of an associated surface, semi-conjugate and almost-isomorphic to $ϕ$, whose stretch factor is the product of the expanding eigenvalues of $ϕ$. This shows that any norm-$1$ cubic Pisot number occurs as the stretch factor of a pseudo-Anosov mapping, proving a conjecture of Fried in degree $3$. A similar construction works for the $4$-torus on condition that $ϕ$ has exactly two eigenvalues outside the unit cir…
In this paper we study the large time asymptotics of the flow of a dynamical system $X'=b(X)$ posed in the $d$-dimensional torus. Rather than using the classical unique ergodicity condition which is not fulfilled if $b$ vanishes at different points, we only assume that the set of the averages of $b$ with respect to the invariant probability measures for the flow is reduced to a singleton. We also rewrite the Liouville theorem which holds for any invariant probability measure $μ$, namely $μ\,b$ is divergence free, as a divergence-curl formula satisfied by any regular periodic function. The comb…
We prove that for the frame flow on a negatively curved, closed manifold of odd dimension other than 7, and a Holder continuous potential that is constant on fibers, there is a unique equilibrium measure. We prove a similar result for automorphisms of the Heisenberg manifold fibering over the torus. Our methods also give an alternate proof of Brin and Gromov's result on the ergodicity of these frame flows.
We show that a compact Kaehler manifold X is a complex torus if both the continuous part and discrete part of some automorphism group G of X are infinite groups, unless X is bimeromorphic to a non-trivial G-equivariant fibration. Some applications to dynamics are given.
We prove that for a generic measure preserving transformation $T$, the closed group generated by $T$ is a continuous homomorphic image of a closed linear subspace of $L_0(λ,{\mathbb R})$, where $λ$ is Lebesgue measure, and that the closed group generated by $T$ contains an increasing sequence of finite dimensional toruses whose union is dense.
Quantum mixing for eigenfunctions of rational polygons in configuration space
本文扩展了有理多边形本征函数的均匀分布结果至非对角元，还给出2-环面相同结果的另一证明，依托方向台球流的弱混合性开展研究。
We prove two results about the natural representation of a group G of automorphisms of a normal projective threefold X on its second cohomology. We show that if X is minimal then G, modulo a normal subgroup of null entropy, is embedded as a Zariski-dense subset in a semi-simple real linear algebraic group of real rank < 3. Next, we show that X is a complex torus if the image of G is an almost abelian group of positive rank and the kernel is infinite, unless X is equivariantly non-trivially fibred.
We consider the system of $N$ ($\ge2$) hard balls with masses $m_1,...,m_N$ and radius $r$ in the flat torus $\Bbb T_L^ν=\Bbb R^ν/L\cdot\Bbb Z^ν$ of size $L$, $ν\ge3$. We prove the ergodicity (actually, the Bernoulli mixing property) of such systems for almost every selection $(m_1,...,m_N; L)$ of the outer geometric parameters. This theorem complements my earlier result that proved the same, almost sure ergodicity for the case $ν=2$. The method of that proof was primarily dynamical-geometric, whereas the present approach is inherently algebraic.
The stochastic 2D Navier-Stokes equations on the torus driven by degenerate noise are studied. We characterize the smallest closed invariant subspace for this model and show that the dynamics restricted to that subspace is ergodic. In particular, our results yield a purely geometric characterization of a class of noises for which the equation is ergodic in $Ł^2_0(\TT^2)$. Unlike previous works, this class is independent of the viscosity and the strength of the noise. The two main tools of our analysis are the \textit{asymptotic strong Feller} property, introduced in this work, and an approxima…
Let $X$ be a compact Kähler manifold of dimension $k\leq 4$ and $f:X\rightarrow X$ a pseudo-automorphism. If the first dynamical degree $λ_1(f)$ is a Salem number, we show that either $λ_1(f)=λ_{k-1}(f)$ or $λ_1(f)^2=λ_{k-2}(f)$. In particular, if $\mbox{dim}(X)=3$ then $λ_1(f)=λ_2(f)$. We use this to show that if $X$ is a complex 3-torus and $f$ is an automorphism of $X$ with $λ_1(f)>1$, then $f$ has a non-trivial equivariant holomorphic fibration if and only if $λ_1(f)$ is a Salem number. If $X$ is a complex 3-torus having an automorphism $f$ with $λ_1(f)=λ_2(f)>1$ but is not a Salem number,…
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