We extend the ``Extension after Restriction Principle'' for symplectic embeddings of bounded starlike domains to a large class of symplectic embeddings of unbounded starlike domains.
This is an overview article on selected topics in symplectic geometry written for the Handbook of Differential Geometry (volume 2, edited by F.J.E. Dillen and L.C.A. Verstraelen).
The paper concerns a $C^0$-rigidity result for the charcteristic foliations in symplectic geometry. A symplectic homeomorphism (in the sense of Eliashberg-Gromov) which preserves a smooth hypersurface also preserves its characteristic foliation.
We study coisotropic submanifolds of $b$-symplectic manifolds. We prove that $b$-coisotropic submanifolds (those transverse to the degeneracy locus) determine the $b$-symplectic structure in a neighborhood, and provide a normal form theorem. This extends Gotay's theorem in symplectic geometry. Further, we introduce strong $b$-coisotropic submanifolds and show that their coisotropic quotient, which locally is always smooth, inherits a reduced $b$-symplectic structure.
In this work we define a relative version of the flux homomorphism, introduced by Calabi in 1969, for a symplectic manifold. We use it to study (the universal cover of) the group of symplectomorphisms of a symplectic manifold leaving a Lagrangian submanifold invariant. We show that some quotients of this group are stable under symplectic reduction.
Sheaf theoretically based Abstract Differential Geometry incorporates and generalizes all the classical differential geometry. Here, we undertake to partially explore the implications of Abstract Differential Geometry to classical symplectic geometry. The full investigation will be presented elsewhere.
We prove a quantitative $h$-principle statement for subcritical isotropic embeddings. As an application, we construct a symplectic homeomorphism that takes a symplectic disc into an isotropic one in dimension at least $6$.
This paper studies the action of symplectic homeomorphisms on smooth submanifolds, with a main focus on the behaviour of symplectic homeomorphisms with respect to numerical invariants like capacities. Our main result is that a symplectic homeomorphism may preserve and squeeze codimension $4$ symplectic submanifolds ($C^0$-flexibility), while this is impossible for codimension $2$ symplectic submanifolds ($C^0$-rigidity). We also discuss $C^0$-invariants of coistropic and Lagrangian submanifolds, proving some rigidity results and formulating some conjectures. We finally formulate an Eliashberg-…
This note collects a number of standard statements in Riemannian geometry and in Sobolev-space theory that play a prominent role in analytic approaches to symplectic topology. These include relations between connections and complex structures, estimates on exponential-like maps, and dependence of constants in Sobolev and elliptic estimates.
In this paper, we introduce a new kind of Siegel upper half space and consider the symplectic geometry on it explicitly under the action of the group of all holomorphic transformations of it. The results and methods will form a basis for our number theoretic applications later.
We prove here a quantitative $h$-principle statement that applies to isotropic embeddings of discs. We then apply it to get $C^0$-flexibility and rigidity results in symplectic geometry. On the flexible side, we prove that a symplectic homeomorphism might take a symplectic disc to a smooth isotropic one. We also get a $C^0$-rigidity result for the action of a symplectic homeomorphism on the reduction of a coisotropic submanifold.
Categorical symplectic geometry is the study of a rich collection of invariants of symplectic manifolds, including the Fukaya $A_\infty$-category, Floer cohomology, and symplectic cohomology. Beginning with work of Wehrheim and Woodward in the late 2000s, several authors have developed techniques for functorial manipulation of these invariants. We survey these functorial structures, including Wehrheim-Woodward's quilted Floer cohomology and functors associated to Lagrangian correspondences, Fukaya's alternate approach to defining functors between Fukaya $A_\infty$-categories, and the second au…
A toric degeneration in algebraic geometry is a process where a given projective variety is being degenerated into a toric one. Then one can obtain information about the original variety via analyzing the toric one, which is a much easier object to study. Harada and Kaveh described how one incorporates a symplectic structure into this process, providing a very useful tool for solving certain problems in symplectic geometry. Below we present applications of this method to questions about the Gromov width, and cohomological rigidity problems.
In this paper, we gave some explicit relations between absolute and relative Gromov-Witten invariants. We proved that a symplectic manifold is symplectic rationally connected if it contains a positive divisor symplectomorphic to $P^n$.
In this paper we survey some recent works that take the first steps toward establishing bilateral connections between symplectic geometry and several other fields, namely, asymptotic geometric analysis, classical convex geometry, and the theory of normed spaces.
In this paper we survey several intersection and non-intersection phenomena appearing in the realm of symplectic topology. We discuss their implications and finally outline some new relations of the subject to algebraic geometry.
Recently in symplectic geometry there arose an interest in bounding various functionals on spaces of matrices. It appears that Grothendieck's theorems about factorization are a useful tool for proving such bounds. In this note we present two such applications.
We uncover the lowest order differential invariants of Lagrangian submanifolds under affine symplectic maps, and find out what happens when they are constant.
While symplectic manifolds have no local invariants, they do admit many global numerical invariants. Prominent among them are the so-called symplectic capacities. Different capacities are defined in different ways, and so relations between capacities often lead to surprising relations between different aspects of symplectic geometry and Hamiltonian dynamics. In this paper we present an attempt to better understand the space of all symplectic capacities, and discuss some further general properties of symplectic capacities. We also describe several new relations between certain symplectic capaci…
In this review paper, we present several results on central extensions of the Lie algebra of symplectic (Hamiltonian) vector fields, and compare them to similar results for the Lie algebra of (exact) divergence free vector fields. In particular, we comment on universal central extensions and integrability to the group level.
The purpose of this note is to make some connection between the sub-Riemannian geometry on Carnot-Caratheodory groups and symplectic geometry. We shall concentrate here on the Heisenberg group, although it is transparent that almost everything can be done on a general Carnot-Caratheodory group. Such generalisations will be the subject of a forthcoming note.
We review recent results and ongoing investigations of the symplectic and Poisson geometry of derived moduli spaces, and describe applications to deformation quantization of such spaces.
For a symplectic manifold admitting a metaplectic structure (a symplectic analogue of the Riemannian spin structure), we construct a sequence consisting of differential operators using a symplectic torsion-free affine connection. All but one of these operators are of first order. The first order ones are symplectic analogues of the twistor operators known from Riemannian spin geometry. We prove that under the condition the symplectic Weyl curvature tensor field of the symplectic connection vanishes, the mentioned sequence forms a complex. This gives rise to a new complex for the so called Ricc…
We will survey some aspects of the smooth topology, algebraic geometry, symplectic geometry and contact geometry of anti-canonical pairs in complex dimension two.
This paper studies the geometry of Cartan-Hartogs domains from the symplectic point of view. Inspired by duality between compact and noncompact Hermitian symmetric spaces, we construct a dual counterpart of Cartan-Hartogs domains and give explicit expression of global Darboux coordinates for both Cartan-Hartogs and their dual. Further, we compute their symplectic capacity and show that a Cartan-Hartogs admits a symplectic duality if and only if it reduces to be a complex hyperbolic space.
We study the mirror operation of the Atiyah flop in symplectic geometry. We formulate the operation for a symplectic manifold with a Lagrangian fibration. Furthermore we construct geometric stability conditions on the derived Fukaya category of the deformed conifold and study the action of the mirror Atiyah flop on these stability conditions.
We study symplectic geometry of rationally connected $3$-folds. The first result shows that rationally connectedness is a symplectic deformation invariant in dimension $3$. If a rationally connected $3$-fold $X$ is Fano or $b_2(X)=2$, we prove that it is symplectic rationally connected, i.e. there is a non-zero Gromov-Witten invariant with two insertions being the class of a point. Finally we prove that many rationally connected $3$-folds are birational to a symplectic rationally connected variety.
We prove that the information geometry's Frobenius manifold is a symplectic manifold having Poisson structures. By proving this statement, a bridge is created between the theories developed by Vinberg, Souriau and Koszul and the Frobenius manifold approach. Until now these approaches seemed disconnected.
We build a bridge between Floer theory on open symplectic manifolds and the enumerative geometry of holomorphic disks inside their Fano compactifications, by detecting elements in symplectic cohomology which are mirror to Landau-Ginzburg potentials. We also treat the higher Maslov index versions of the potentials. We discover a relation between higher disk potentials and symplectic cohomology rings of smooth anticanonical divisor complements (themselves conjecturally related to closed-string Gromov-Witten invariants), and explore several other applications to the geometry of Liouville domains.
We study some symplectic geometric aspects of rationally connected 4-folds. As a corollary, we prove that any smooth projective 4-fold symplectic deformation equivalent to a Fano 4-fold of pseudo-index at least 2 or a rationally connected 4-fold whose second Betti number is 2 is rationally connected.
Symplectic torus bundles $ξ:T^{2}\to E\to B$ are classified by the second cohomology group of $B$ with local coefficients $H_{1}(T^{2})$. For $B$ a compact, orientable surface, the main theorem of this paper gives a necessary and sufficient condition on the cohomology class corresponding to $ξ$ for $E$ to admit a symplectic structure compatible with the symplectic bundle structure of $ξ$ : namely, that it be a torsion class. The proof is based on a group-extension-theoretic construction of J. Huebschmann (Sur les premieres differentielles de la suite spectrale cohomologique d'une extension de …
We study the geometry of manifolds carrying symplectic pairs consisting of two closed 2-forms of constant ranks, whose kernel foliations are complementary. Using a variation of the construction of Boothby and Wang we build contact-symplectic and contact pairs from symplectic pairs.
We introduce scattering-symplectic manifolds, manifolds with a type of minimally degenerate Poisson structure that is not too restrictive so as to have a large class of examples, yet restrictive enough for standard Poisson invariants to be computable. This paper will demonstrate the potential of the scattering symplectic setting. In particular, we construct scattering-symplectic spheres and scattering symplectic gluings between strong convex symplectic fillings of a contact manifold. By giving an explicit computation of the Poisson cohomology of a scattering symplectic manifold, we also introd…
We prove that any coadjoint orbit with real eigenvalues of a complex semisimple Lie group, equipped with the real part of the canonical holomorphic symplectic form, is symplectomorphic to the cotangent bundle of a (partial) flag manifold. Moreover, we generalize this result to hyperbolic orbits in a real semisimple Lie algebra.
Our paper develops a theory of Poisson slices and a uniform approach to their partial compactifications. The theory in question is loosely comparable to that of symplectic cross-sections in real symplectic geometry.
The symplectic Stiefel manifold, denoted by $\mathrm{Sp}(2p,2n)$, is the set of linear symplectic maps between the standard symplectic spaces $\mathbb{R}^{2p}$ and $\mathbb{R}^{2n}$. When $p=n$, it reduces to the well-known set of $2n\times 2n$ symplectic matrices. We study the Riemannian geometry of this manifold viewed as a Riemannian submanifold of the Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^{2n\times 2p}$. The corresponding normal space and projections onto the tangent and normal spaces are investigated. Moreover, we consider optimization problems on the symplectic Stiefel manifold. We obtain the expr…
Our aim is to give a friendly introduction for students to systolic inequalities. We will stress the relationships between the classical formulation for Riemannian metrics and more recent developments related to symplectic measurements and the Viterbo conjecture. This will give us a perfect excuse to introduce the reader to some important ideas in Riemannian and symplectic geometry.
We give a proof of the fact that a simply-connected symplectic homogeneous space $(M,ω)$ of a connected Lie group $G$ is the universal cover of a coadjoint orbit of a one-dimensional central extension of $G$. We emphasise the rôle of symplectic group cocycles and the relationship between such cocycles, left-invariant presymplectic structures on $G$ and central extensions of $G$; in particular, we show that integrability of a central extension of $\mathfrak{g}$ to a central extension of $G$ is equivalent to integrability of a representative Chevalley-Eilenberg 2-cocycle of $\mathfrak{g}$ to a s…
We first present the construction of the moduli space of real pseudo-holomorphic curves in a given real symplectic manifold. Then, following the approach of Gromov and Witten, we construct invariants under deformation of real rational symplectic 4-manifolds. These invariants provide lower bounds for the number of real rational $J$-holomorphic curves in a given homology class passing through a given real configuration of points.
In the same way that a contact manifold determines and is determined by a symplectic cone, a Sasaki manifold determines and is determined by a suitable Kahler cone. Kahler-Sasaki geometry is the geometry of these cones. This paper presents a symplectic action-angle coordinates approach to toric Kahler geometry and how it was recently generalized, by Burns-Guillemin-Lerman and Martelli-Sparks-Yau, to toric Kahler-Sasaki geometry. It also describes, as an application, how this approach can be used to relate a recent new family of Sasaki-Einstein metrics constructed by Gauntlett-Martelli-Sparks-W…
Let G be a finite group acting on a symplectic complex vector space V. Assume that the quotient V/G has a holomorphic symplectic resolution. We prove that G is generated by "symplectic reflectionsd"', i.e. symplectomorphisms with fixed space of codimension 2 in V. Symplectic resolutions are always semismall. A crepant resolution of V/G is always symplectic. We give a symplectic version of Nakamura conjectures.
We examine the structure of the cotangent bundle $T^{*}X$ of an algebraic variety $X$ acted on by a reductive group $G$ from the viewpoint of equivariant symplectic geometry. In particular, we construct an equivariant symplectic covering of $T^{*}X$ by the cotangent bundle of a certain variety of horospheres in $X$, and integrate the invariant collective motion on $T^{*}X$. These results are based on a "local structure theorem" describing the action of a certain parabolic in $G$ on an open subset of $X$, which is interesting by itself.
This is a survey on symplectic birational geometry. In arbitrary dimension, this subject is centered around the notion of uniruledness. In low dimensions, we will also discuss Kodaira dimension and minimality.
In this note we study the contact geometry of symplectic divisors. We show the contact structure induced on the boundary of a divisor neighborhood is invariant under toric and interior blow-ups and blow-downs. We also construct an open book decomposition on the boundary of a concave divisor neighborhood and apply it to the study of universally tight contact structures of contact torus bundles.
Frames provide redundant, stable representations of data which have important applications in signal processing. We introduce a connection between symplectic geometry and frame theory and show that many important classes of frames have natural symplectic descriptions. Symplectic tools seem well-adapted to addressing a number of important questions about frames; in this paper we focus on the frame homotopy conjecture posed in 2002 and recently proved by Cahill, Mixon, and Strawn, which says that the space of finite unit norm tight frames is connected. We give a simple symplectic proof of a doub…