The Adams spectral sequence was invented by J.F.Adams fifty years ago for calculations of stable homotopy groups of topological spaces and in particular of spheres. The calculation of differentials of this spectral sequence is one of the most difficult problem of Algebraic Topology. Here we consider an approach to find inductive formulas for the differentials. It is based on the A_\infty-structures, E_\infty-structures and functional homology operations. As This approach it will be applied to the Kervaire invariant problem.
We describe an algorithm for the automated deduction of many $d_2$ differentials in the Adams spectral sequence. We discuss our implementation and the results of the computation.
The Adams spectral sequence was invented by J.F.Adams almost fifty years ago for calculations of stable homotopy groups of topological spaces and in particular of spheres. The calculation of differentials of this spectral sequence is one of the most difficult problem of Algebraic Topology. Here we consider an approach to solve this problem in the case of Z/2 coefficients and find inductive formulas for the differentials. It is based on the Stasheff algebra structures, operad methods and functional homology operations.
We show that there is a non-trivial differential $d_4(h_6^3) =h_0^3g_4$ in the mod 2 Adams spectral sequence for spheres. This together with the results in \cite{barratt_differentials_1970,lin_differential_1998,kan_differential_2001} completely settle the differentials of $h_i^3$ for $i\ge4$. (The differentials of $h_i^3$ for $i=0,1,2,3$ are well-known.) Our proof uses the Kevaire invariant elements $θ_i \inπ_{2^{i+1}-2}^S$ for $i=4,5$ with the properties $2θ_4 =0$, $2θ_5 =0$.
In this paper, we construct Adams-Hilton models for the polyhedral products of spheres $(\underline{S})^{\mathcal{K}}$ and Davis-Januszkiewicz spaces $\left(\mathbb{C} P^{\infty}\right)^{\mathcal{K}}$. We show that in these cases the Adams-Hilton model can be chosen so that it coincides with the cobar construction of the homology coalgebra. We apply the resulting models to the study of iterated higher Whitehead products in $\left(\mathbb{C} P^{\infty}\right)^{\mathcal{K}}$. Namely, we explicitly construct a chain in the cobar construction representing the homology class of the Hurewicz image o…
In the early 2000's, Baues computed the secondary Steenrod algebra, the algebra of all secondary cohomology operations. Together with Jibladze, they showed that this gives an algorithm that computes all Adams $d_2$ differentials for the sphere. The goal of this paper is to reinterpret their results in the language of synthetic spectra in order to achieve stronger computational results. Using this, we obtain an algorithm that computes hidden extensions on the $E_3$ page that jump by one filtration, in addition to the $d_2$ differentials of Baues--Jibladze. We then implement and run this algorit…
We refine our earlier work on the existence and uniqueness of E-infinity structures on K-theoretic spectra to show that at each prime p, the connective Adams summand has an essentially unique structure as a commutative S-algebra. For the p-completion we show that the McClure-Staffeldt model for it is equivalent as an E-infinity ring spectrum to the connective cover of the periodic Adams summand. We establish Bousfield equivalence between the connective cover, c(E_n), of the Lubin-Tate spectrum E_n and BP<n> and propose c(E_n) as an E-infinity approximation to the latter.
In this paper we establish a formula for computing $d_2(sq^i(x))$ where $x$ is a permanent cycle in the $C_2$-equivariant Adams spectral sequence or the motivic Adams spectral sequence over $Spec(\mathbb{R})$. This requires establishing that the Adams towers have an $H_{\infty}$-structure as well as determining the attaching maps for $C_2$-equivariant projective spaces. The attaching maps of $C_2$-equivariant projective spaces can then be used to determine the coefficients of differentials in both the equivariant and motivic case. At the end some sample computations are given.
We describe a variant construction of the unstable Adams spectral the sequence for a space $Y$, associated to any free simplicial resolution of $H^*(Y;R)$ for $R=\mathbb{F}_p$ or $\mathbb{Q}$. We use this construction to describe the differentials and filtration in the spectral sequence in terms of appropriate systems of higher cohomology operations.
We investigate Gamma-cohomology of some commutative cooperation algebras E_*E associated with certain periodic cohomology theories. For KU and E(1), the Adams summand at a prime p, and for KO we show that Gamma-cohomology vanishes above degree 1. As these cohomology groups are the obstruction groups in the obstruction theory developed by Alan Robinson we deduce that these spectra admit unique E infinity structures. As a consequence we obtain an E infinity structure for the connective Adams summand. For the Johnson-Wilson spectrum E(n) with n > 0 we establish the existence of a unique E infinit…
We establish a differential $d_2(D_1)=h_0^2h_3g_2$ in the $51$-stem of the Adams spectral sequence at the prime $2$, which gives the first correct calculation of the stable 51 and 52 stems. This differential is remarkable since we know of no way to prove it without recourse to the motivic Adams spectral sequence. It is the last undetermined differential in the range of the first author's detailed calculations of the $n$-stems for $n<60$ [6]. This note advertises the use of the motivic Adams spectral sequence to obtain information about classical stable homotopy groups.
We show a few nontrivial extensions in the classical Adams spectral sequence. In particular, we compute that the 2-primary part of $π_{51}$ is $\mathbb{Z}/8\oplus\mathbb{Z}/8\oplus\mathbb{Z}/2$. This was the last unsolved 2-extension problem left by the recent works of Isaksen and the authors (\cite{Isa1}, \cite{IX}, \cite{WX1}) through the 61-stem. The proof of this result uses the $RP^\infty$ technique, which was introduced by the authors in \cite{WX1} to prove $π_{61}=0$. This paper advertises this method through examples that have simpler proofs than in \cite{WX1}.
In this paper we prove that $β_{p^2/p^2-1}$ survives to $E_\infty$ in the Adams-Novikov spectral sequence for $p\geqslant 5$. As an easy consequence we prove that $β_{sp^2/j}$ are perminent cycles for all $s\geqslant 1$, $j\leqslant p^2-1$. From the Thom map $Φ: Ext^{s,t}_{BP_*BP}(BP_*, BP_*)\longrightarrow Ext^{s,t}_A(\mathbb{Z}/p, \mathbb{Z}/p)$, we also see that $h_0h_3$ survives to $E_\infty$ in the classical Adams spectral sequence.
In this note, we use Curtis's algorithm and the Lambda algebra to compute the algebraic Atiyah-Hirzebruch spectral sequence of the suspension spectrum of $\mathbb{R}P^\infty$ with the aid of a computer, which gives us its Adams $E_2$-page in the range of $t<72$. We also compute the transfer map on the Adams $E_2$-pages. These data are used in our computations of the stable homotopy groups of $\mathbb{R}P^\infty$ in [6] and of the stable homotopy groups of spheres in [7].
We show that if we factor the long exact sequence in cohomology of a cofiber sequence of spectra into short exact sequences, then the $d_2$-differential in the Adams spectral sequence of any one term is related in a precise way to Yoneda composition with the 2-extension given by the complementary terms in the long exact sequence. We use this to give a complete analysis of the Adams spectral sequence for the connective image-of-$J$ spectrum, finishing a calculation that was begun by D. Davis in 1975.
We compute the h_1-localized cohomology of the motivic Steenrod algebra over C. This serves as the input to an Adams spectral sequence that computes the motivic stable homotopy groups of the eta-local motivic sphere. We compute some of the Adams differentials, and we state a conjecture about the remaining differentials.
Let E be a ring spectrum for which the E-Adams spectral sequence converges. We define a variant of Mahowald's root invariant called the `filtered root invariant' which takes values in the E_1 term of the E-Adams spectral sequence. The main theorems of this paper concern when these filtered root invariants detect the actual root invariant, and explain a relationship between filtered root invariants and differentials and compositions in the E-Adams spectral sequence. These theorems are compared to some known computations of root invariants at the prime 2. We use the filtered root invariants to c…
We present a detailed analysis of 2-complete stable homotopy groups, both in the classical context and in the motivic context over C. We use the motivic May spectral sequence to compute the cohomology of the motivic Steenrod algebra over C through the 70-stem. We then use the motivic Adams spectral sequence to obtain motivic stable homotopy groups through the 59-stem. In addition to finding all Adams differentials in this range, we also resolve all hidden extensions by 2, eta, and nu, except for a few carefully enumerated exceptions that remain unknown. The analogous classical stable homotopy …
Localized at almost all primes, we describe the structure of differentials in several important spectral sequences that compute the cohomology of classifying spaces of topological Kac-Moody groups. In particular, we show that for all but a finite set of primes, these spectral sequences collapse and that there are no additive extension problems. We also describe some appealing consequences of these results. The main tool is the use of the naturality properties of unstable Adams operations on these classifying spaces.
An algorithm is described giving effective determination of the second differential in the Adams spectral sequence. The algorithm is based on the notion of secondary derived functor, and on the explicit algebraic model of the groupoid enriched category of stable maps and stable tracks between Eilenberg-Mac Lane spaces.
We calculate the $η$-localization of the motivic stable homotopy ring over the complex numbers, confirming a conjecture of Guillou and Isaksen. Our approach is via the motivic Adams-Novikov spectral sequence. In fact, work of Hu, Kriz, and Ormsby implies that it suffices to compute the corresponding localization of the classical Adams-Novikov $E_2$-term, and this is what we do. Guillou and Isaksen also proposed a pattern of differentials in the localized motivic classical Adams spectral sequence, which we verify using a method first explored by Novikov.
The E_1-term of the (2-local) bo-based Adams spectral sequence for the sphere spectrum decomposes into a direct sum of a v_1-periodic part, and a v_1-torsion part. Lellmann and Mahowald completely computed the d_1-differential on the v_1-periodic part, and the corresponding contribution to the E_2-term. The v_1-torsion part is harder to handle, but with the aid of a computer it was computed through the 20-stem by Davis. Such computer computations are limited by the exponential growth of v_1-torsion in the E_1-term. In this paper, we introduce a new method for computing the contribution of the …
In the present paper, by using the colored version of the Koszul duality, the concept of a differential module with $\infty$-simplicial faces is introduced. The homotopy invariance of the structure of a differential module with $\infty$-simplicial faces is proved. The relationships between differential modules with $\infty$-simplicial faces and $A_\infty$-algebras are established. The notion of a chain realization of a differential module with $\infty$-simplicial faces and the concept of a tensor product of differential modules with $\infty$-simplicial faces are introduced. It is proved that f…
To an Adams-type homology theory we associate a notion of a synthetic spectrum, this is a product-preserving sheaf on the site of finite spectra with projective $E$-homology. We prove that the $\infty$-category $Syn_{E}$ of synthetic spectra based on $E$ is in a precise sense a deformation of the $\infty$-category of spectra into quasi-coherent sheaves over a certain algebraic stack, and show that this deformation encodes the $E$-based Adams spectral sequence. We describe a symmetric monoidal functor from cellular motivic spectra over the complex numbers into an even variant of synthetic spect…
We use an Adams spectral sequence to calculate the R-motivic stable homotopy groups after inverting eta. The first step is to apply a Bockstein spectral sequence in order to obtain h_1-inverted R-motivic Ext groups, which serve as the input to the eta-inverted R-motivic Adams spectral sequence. The second step is to analyze Adams differentials. The final answer is that the Milnor-Witt (4k-1)-stem has order 2^{u+1}, where u is the 2-adic valuation of 4k. This answer is reminiscent of the classical image of J. We also explore some of the Toda bracket structure of the eta-inverted R-motivic stabl…
The Adams spectral sequence is available in any triangulated category equipped with a projective or injective class. Higher Toda brackets can also be defined in a triangulated category, as observed by B. Shipley based on J. Cohen's approach for spectra. We provide a family of definitions of higher Toda brackets, show that they are equivalent to Shipley's, and show that they are self-dual. Our main result is that the Adams differential $d_r$ in any Adams spectral sequence can be expressed as an $(r+1)$-fold Toda bracket and as an $r^{\text{th}}$ order cohomology operation. We also show how the …
We compute some R-motivic stable homotopy groups. For $s - w \leq 11$, we describe the motivic stable homotopy groups $π_{s,w}$ of a completion of the R-motivic sphere spectrum. We apply the $ρ$-Bockstein spectral sequence to obtain R-motivic Ext groups from the C-motivic Ext groups, which are well-understood in a large range. These Ext groups are the input to the R-motivic Adams spectral sequence. We fully analyze the Adams differentials in a range, and we also analyze hidden extensions by $ρ$, 2, and $η$. As a consequence of our computations, we recover Mahowald invariants of many low-dimens…
Let $M$ be a closed, oriented manifold. We prove that the quasi-isomorphism class of the $Frob_\infty^0$-bialgebra structure on $H^*(M)$ induced by the open TFT on $Ω^*(M)$ is a homotopy invariant of the manifold. This is a three step process. First, we describe the $Frob_\infty^0$-bialgebra on $H^*(M)$ induced by the partial $Frob_\infty^0$-bialgebra on $Ω^*(M)$. We then describe the $Frob_\infty^0$-bialgebra on $H^*(M)$ induced by the cyclic $C_\infty$-algebra on $H^*(M)$. Finally, we show these two $Frob_\infty^0$-bialgebras are the same. Since the cyclic $C_\infty$-algebra is a homotopy in…
The tensor functor from the category of $A_\infty$-algebras into the category of differential modules with $\infty$-simplicial faces is constructed. Further, it is showed that this functor sends homotopy equivalent $A_\infty$-algebras into homotopy equivalent differential modules with $\infty$-simplicial faces.
Two DGAs are called topologically equivalent if the corresponding Eilenberg-Mac Lane ring spectra are weakly equivalent as ring spectra. Quasi-isomorphic DGAs are topologically equivalent but the converse is not necessarily true. As a counter-example, Dugger and Shipley showed that there are DGAs that are non-trivially topologically equivalent, i.e. topologically equivalent but not quasi-isomorphic. In this work, we define $E_\infty$ topological equivalences and utilize the obstruction theories developed by Goerss, Hopkins and Miller to construct first examples of non-trivially $E_\infty$ topo…
We prove that the 2-primary $π_{61}$ is zero. As a consequence, the Kervaire invariant element $θ_5$ is contained in the strictly defined 4-fold Toda bracket $\langle 2, θ_4, θ_4, 2\rangle$. Our result has a geometric corollary: the 61-sphere has a unique smooth structure and it is the last odd dimensional case - the only ones are $S^1, S^3, S^5$ and $S^{61}$. Our proof is a computation of homotopy groups of spheres. A major part of this paper is to prove an Adams differential $d_3(D_3) = B_3$. We prove this differential by introducing a new technique based on the algebraic and geometric Kahn-…
In this paper we elaborate a general homotopy-theoretic framework in which to study problems of descent and completion and of their duals, codescent and cocompletion. Our approach to homotopic (co)descent and to derived (co)completion can be viewed as $\infty$-category-theoretic, as our framework is constructed in the universe of simplicially enriched categories, which are a model for $(\infty, 1)$-categories. We provide general criteria, reminiscent of Mandell's theorem on $E_{\infty}$-algebra models of $p$-complete spaces, under which homotopic (co)descent is satisfied. Furthermore, we const…
We propose an operadic framework suitable for describing algebraic structures with operations being multilinear differential operators of varying orders or, more generally, formal series of such operators. The framework is built upon the notion of a multifiltration of a linear operad generalizing the concept of a filtration of an associative algebra. We describe a particular way of constructing and analyzing multifiltrations based on a presentation of a linear operad in terms of generators and relations. In particular, that allows us to observe a special role played in this context by Lie, Lie…
We define the Chow $t$-structure on the $\infty$-category of motivic spectra $SH(k)$ over an arbitrary base field $k$. We identify the heart of this $t$-structure $SH(k)^{c\heartsuit}$ when the exponential characteristic of $k$ is inverted. Restricting to the cellular subcategory, we identify the Chow heart $SH(k)^{cell, c\heartsuit}$ as the category of even graded $MU_{2*}MU$-comodules. Furthermore, we show that the $\infty$-category of modules over the Chow truncated sphere spectrum is algebraic. Our results generalize the ones in Gheorghe--Wang--Xu in three aspects: To integral results; To …
We introduce a notion of left homotopy for Maurer--Cartan elements in $L_{\infty}$-algebras and $A_{\infty}$-algebras, and show that it corresponds to gauge equivalence in the differential graded case. From this we deduce a short formula for gauge equivalence, and provide an entirely homotopical proof to Schlessinger--Stasheff's theorem. As an application, we answer a question of T. Voronov, proving a non-abelian Poincaré lemma for differential forms taking values in an $L_{\infty}$-algebra.
The rational homotopy type of a differential graded algebra (DGA) can be represented by a family of tensors on its cohomology, which constitute an $A_\infty$-minimal model of this DGA. When only the cohomology is needed to determine the rational homotopy type, then the DGA is called formal. By a theorem of Miller, a compact $k$-connected manifold is formal if its dimension is not greater than $4k+2$. We expand this theorem and a result of Crowley-Nordström to prove that if the dimension of a compact $k$-connected manifold $N\leq (l+1)k+2$, then its de Rham complex has an $A_\infty$-minimal mod…
