Dmitry E. Tamarkin
We prove thst the deformation complex of a d-algebra (shifted by 1-d) carries a natural structure of (d+1)-algebra. This is a purely algebraic version of a similkar theorem of Kontsevich.
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We introduce dg Lie algebras controlling the deformations of vertex algebras and vertex Poisson algebras, utilizing the notion of operadic dg Lie algebra and the theory of chiral algebra. In terms of those dg Lie algebras, we formulate the deformation quantization problem of vertex Poisson algebras to vertex algebras.
We develop the deformation theory of A_\infty algebras together with \infty inner products and identify a differential graded Lie algebra that controls the theory. This generalizes the deformation theories of associative algebras, A_\infty algebras, associative algebras with inner products, and A_\infty algebras with inner products.
We study deformation of Courant pairs with a commutative algebra base. We consider the deformation cohomology bi-complex and describe a universal infinitesimal deformation. In a sequel, we formulate an extension of a given deformation of a Courant pair to another with extended base. This leads to describe the obstruction in extending a given deformation. We also discuss about the construction of versal deformation of Courant pairs. As an application, we explicitly compute universal infinitesimal deformation of Poisson algebra structures
In this work we consider deformations of Leibniz algebras over a field of characteristic zero. The main problem in deformation theory is to describe all non-equivalent deformations of a given object. We give a method to solve this problem completely, namely work out a construction of a versal deformation for a given Leibniz algebra, which induces all non-equivalent deformations and is unique on the infinitesimal level.
In this paper we give some examples of generalized Massey products, arising from deformations of A-infinity and L-infinity algebras. The generalized Massey products are given by certain graded commutative algebra structures, depending on the deformation problem considered. We show that the formal deformations of infinity algebras give rise to the same algebraic structure as the deformations of Z2-graded Lie algebras. However, the problem of deforming a Lie algebra into an L-infinity algebra, or an associative algebra into an A-infinity algebra gives rise to a new algebra. We also consider defo…
In this paper, deformations of $L_\infty$-algebras are defined in such a way that the bases of deformations are $L_\infty$-algebras, as well. A universal and a semiuniversal deformation is constructed for $L_\infty$-algebras, whose cotangent complex admits a splitting. The paper also contains an explicit construction of a minimal $L_\infty$-structure on the homology $H$ of a differential graded Lie algebra $L$ and of an $L_\infty$-quasi-isomorphism between $H$ and $L$.
Jump deformations and contractions of Lie algebras are inverse concepts, but the approaches to their computations are quite different. In this paper, we contrast the two approaches, showing how to compute jump deformations from the miniversal deformation of a Lie algebra, and thus arrive at the contractions. We also compute contractions directly. We use the moduli spaces of real 3-dimensional and complex 3 and 4-dimensional Lie algebras as models for explaining a deformation theory approach to computation of contractions.
In this work we compute a versal deformation of the three dimensional nilpotent Leibniz algebra over $\mathbb{C}$, defined by the nontrivial brackets $[e_1,e_3]=e_2$ and $[e_3,e_3]=e_1$.
We start studying chiral algebras (as defined by A. Beilinson and V. Drinfeld) from the point of view of deformation theory. First, we define the notion of deformation of a chiral algebra on a smooth curve $X$ over a bundle of local artinian commutative algebras on $X$ equipped with a flat connection (whereas `usual' algebraic structures are deformed over a local artinian algebra) and we show that such deformations are controlled by a certain *-Lie algebra $\mathfrak g$. Then we try to contemplate a possible additional structure on $\mathfrak g$ and we conjecture that this structure up to homo…
In this note we compute Leibniz algebra deformations of the 3-dimensional nilpotent Lie algebra $\mathfrak{n}_3$ and compare it with its Lie deformations. It turns out that there are 3 extra Leibniz deformations. We also describe the versal Leibniz deformation of $\mathfrak{n}_3$ with the versal base.
This is an addendum to the paper ``Deformation of $L_\infty$-Algebras'' of the same author. We explain in which way the deformation theory of $L_\infty$-algebras extends the deformation theory of singularities. We show that the construction of semi-universal deformations of $L_\infty$-algebras gives explicit formal semi-universal deformations of isolated singularities.
The aim of this paper is to extend to Hom-algebra structures the theory of formal deformations of algebras which was introduced by Gerstenhaber for associative algebras and extended to Lie algebras by Nijenhuis-Richardson. We deal with Hom-associative and Hom-Lie algebras. We construct the first groups of a deformation cohomology and give several examples of deformations. We provide families of Hom-Lie algebras deforming Lie algebra $sl_2$ and describe as formal deformations the q-deformed Witt algebra and Jackson $sl_2$.
The purpose of this paper is to study deformation theory of Hom-associative algebra morphisms and Hom-Lie algebra morphisms. We introduce a suitable cohomology and discuss Infinitesimal deformations, equivalent deformations and obstructions. Moreover, we provide some examples.
In this paper,we will show how to kill the obstructions to Lie algebra deformations via a method which essentially embeds a Lie algebra into Strong homotopy Lie algebra or $L_{\infty}$ algebra. All such obstructions have been transfered to the revelvant $L_{\infty}$ algebras which contain only three terms
An algebraic deformation theory of morphisms of dual Leibniz algebras is obtained.
In this paper we compute the deformation theory of a special class of algebras, namely of Azumaya algebras on a manifold ($C^{\infty}$ or complex analytic).
In this paper we will study deformations of A-infinity algebras. We will also answer questions relating to Moore algebras which are one of the simplest nontrivial examples of an A-infinity algebra. We will compute the Hochschild cohomology of odd Moore algebras and classify them up to a unital weak equivalence. We will construct miniversal deformations of particular Moore algebras and relate them to the universal odd and even Moore algebras. Finally we will conclude with an investigation of formal one-parameter deformations of an A-infinity algebra.
The strong homotopy Lie algebra, controlling simultaneous deformations of a morphism of associative algebras and its domain and codomain is constructed. Isomorphism of the cohomology of this strong homotopy Lie algebra with the classical construction is shown.
We discuss quantum deformation of the affine transformation algebra. It is shown that the quantum algebra has a non-cocommutative Hopf algebra structure, simple realizations and quantum tensor operators.
This paper discusses the notion of a deformation quantization for an arbitrary polynomial Poisson algebra A. We examine the Hochschild cohomology group H^3(A) and find that if a deformation of A exists it can be given by bidifferential operators. We then compute an explicit third order deformation quantization of A and show that it comes from a quantized enveloping algebra. We show that the deformation extends to a fourth order deformation if and only if the quantized enveloping algebra gives a fourth order deformation; moreover we give an example where the deformation does not extend. A corre…
The aim of this paper is to review the deformation theory of $n$-Lie algebras. We summarize the 1-parameter formal deformation theory and provide a generalized approach using any unital commutative associative algebra as a deformation base. Moreover, we discuss degenerations and quantization of $n$-Lie algebras.
The purpose of this paper is to introduce an algebraic cohomology and formal deformation theory of left alternative algebras. Connections to some other algebraic structures are given also.
We compute the second Hochschild cohomology space $HH^2(\mathcal{H}_1)$ of Connes-Moscovici's Hopf algebra $\mathcal{H}_1$, giving the infinitesimal deformations (up to equivalence) of the associative structure. $HH^2(\mathcal{H}_1)$ is shown to be one dimensional, and thus Connes-Moscovici's formal deformation of $\mathcal{H}_1$ using Rankin-Cohen brackets is unique up to equivalence.
It is a basic introduction to differential graded Lie algebras, Maurer-Cartan equation and associated deformation functors.
To a homotopy algebra one may associate its deformation complex, which is naturally a differential graded Lie algebra. We show that infinity quasi-isomorphic homotopy algebras have L-infinity quasi-isomorphic deformation complexes by an explicit construction.
$G_\infty$-structure is shown to exist on the deformation complex of a morphism of associative algebras. The main step of the construction is extension of a $B_\infty$-algebra by an associative algebra. Actions of $B_\infty$-algebras on associative and $B_\infty$-algebras are analyzed, extensions of $B_\infty$-algebras by associative and $B_\infty$-algebras, that they act upon, are constructed. The resulting $G_\infty$-algebra on the deformation complex of a morphism is shown to be quasi-isomorphic to the $G_\infty$-algebra on deformation complex of the corresponding diagram algebra.
A classical problem in algebraic deformation theory is whether an infinitesimal deformation can be extended to a formal deformation. The answer to this question is usually given in terms of Massey powers. If all Massey powers of the cohomology class determined by the infinitesimal deformation vanish, then the deformation extends to a formal one. We consider another approach to this problem, by constructing a miniversal deformation of the algebra. One advantage of this approach is that it answers not only the question of existence, but gives a construction of an extension as well.
We construct a universal deformation formula for Connes-Moscovici's Hopf algebra without any projective structure using Fedosov's quantization of symplectic diffeomorphisms.
This is a next paper from a sequel devoted to algebraic aspects of Yang-Mills theory. We undertake a study of deformation theory of Yang-Mills algebra YM - a ``universal solution'' of Yang-Mills equation. We compute (cyclic) (co)homology of YM.
We discuss two-parameter deformations of an universal enveloping algebra $U(g[u])$ of a polynomial loop algebra $g[u]$, where $g$ is a finite-dimensional complex simple Lie algebra (or superalgebra). These deformations are Hopf algebras. One deformation called Drinfeldian is a quantization of $U(g[u])$ in the direction of a classical r-matrix which is a sum of the simplest rational and trigonometric r-matrices. Another deformation (discussed only for the case $g=sl_{2}$) is a twisting of the usual Yangian $Y_η(sl_{2})$.
In these notes, we introduce formal hom-associative deformations of the quantum planes and the universal enveloping algebras of the two-dimensional non-abelian Lie algebras. We then show that these deformations induce formal hom-Lie deformations of the corresponding Lie algebras constructed by using the commutator as bracket.
In this article we propose a new and so-called holomorphic deformation scheme for locally convex algebras and Hopf algebras. Essentially we regard converging power series expansion of a deformed product on a locally convex algebra, thus giving the means to actually insert complex values for the deformation parameter. Moreover we establish a topological duality theory for locally convex Hopf algebras. Examples coming from the theory of quantum groups are reconsidered within our holomorphic deformation scheme and topological duality theory. It is shown that all the standard quantum groups compri…
The recent focus on deformations of algebras called quantum algebras can be attributed to the fact that they appear to be the basic algebraic structures underlying an amazingly diverse set of physical situations. To date many interesting features of these algebras have been found and they are now known to belong to a class of algebras called Hopf algebras [1]. The remarkable aspect of these structures is that they can be regarded as deformations of the usual Lie algebras. Of late, there has been a considerable interest in the deformation of the Virasoro algebra and the underlying Heisenberg al…
An A-infinity algebra is given by a codifferential on the tensor coalgebra of a (graded) vector space. An associative algebra is a special case of an A-infinity algebra, determined by a quadratic codifferential. The notions of Hochschild and cyclic cohomology generalize from associative to A-infinity algebras, and classify the infinitesimal deformations of the algebra, and those deformations preserving an invariant inner product, respectively. Similarly, an L-infinity algebra is given by a codifferential on the exterior coalgebra of a vector space, with Lie algebras being special cases given b…
We construct a cohomology theory controlling the deformations of a general Drinfel'd algebra. The picture presented here has two sides -- the combinatorial one related with the fact of the existence of a graded Lie algebra structure on the simplicial cochain complex of the associahedra, and the algebraic one related with the algebra of derivations on the bar construction.
We construct the deformation functor associated to a couple of morphisms of differential graded Lie algebras, and use it to study the infinitesimal deformations of a holomorphic map of compact complex manifolds. In particular, in the case of Kähler manifolds we describe a generalizzation of the semiregularity map.
We classify PBW-deformations of quadratic-constant type of certain quantizations of exterior algebras. These correspond to the fundamental modules of quantum $\mathfrak{sl}_N$, their duals, and their direct sums. We show that the first two cases do not admit any deformation, while in the third case we obtain an essentially unique algebra with good properties. We compare this algebra with other quantum Clifford algebras appearing in the literature.
We construct the deformation functor associated with a pair of morphisms of differential graded Lie algebras, and use it to study infinitesimal deformations of holomorphic maps of compact complex manifolds. In particular, using L-infinity structures, we give an explicit description of the differential graded Lie algebra that controls this problem.
We introduce a new cohomology theory related to deformations of Lie algebra morphisms. This notion involves simultaneous deformations of two Lie algebras and a homomorphism between them.
A general deformation theory of algebras which factorise into two subalgebras is studied. It is shown that the classification of deformations is related to the cohomology of a certain double complex reminiscent of the Gerstenhaber-Schack complex of a bialgebra.
The aim of this paper is to study some brackets defined on $(τ,σ)$-derivations satisfying quasi-Lie identities. Moreover, we provide examples of $(p,q)$-deformations of Witt and Virasoro algebras as well as $\mathfrak{sl}(2)$ algebra. These constructions generalize the results obtained by Hartwig, Larsson and Silvestrov on $σ$-derivations, arising in connection with discretizations and deformations of algebras of vector fields.
Given a Lie algebra, there uniquely exists a Poisson algebra which is called a Lie-Poisson algebra over the Lie algebra. We will prove that given a Loday/Leibniz algebra there exists uniquely a noncommutative Poisson algebra over the Loday algebra. The noncommutative Poisson algebras are called the Loday-Poisson algebras. In the super/graded cases, the Loday-Poisson bracket is regarded as a noncommutative version of classical (linear) Schouten-Nijenhuis bracket. It will be shown that the Loday-Poisson algebras form a special subclass of Aguiar's dual-prePoisson algebras. We also study a proble…
We classify in this paper Poisson structures on modules over semisimple Lie algebras arising from classical r-matrices. We then study their quantizations and the relation to classical invariant theory.
The notion of singular one-parameter deformation of a Lie algebra is introduced. It is shown that the complex infinite-dimensional Lie algebra of polynomial vector fields in C with trivial 1-jet at the origin has such singular deformation.
Let H be a Hopf algebra and let B be a Koszul H-module algebra. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions for a filtered algebra to be a Poincare-Birkhoff-Witt (PBW) deformation of the smash product algebra B#H. Many examples of these deformations are given.
Coisotropic algebras consist of triples of algebras for which a reduction can be defined and unify in a very algebraic fashion coisotropic reduction in several settings. In this paper we study the theory of (formal) deformation of coisotropic algebras showing that deformations are governed by suitable coisotropic DGLAs. We define a deformation functor and prove that it commutes with reduction. Finally, we study the obstructions to existence and uniqueness of coisotropic algebras and present some geometric examples.
We consider versal deformations of 0|3-dimensional L-infinity algebras, which correspond precisely to ordinary (non-graded) three dimensional Lie algebras. The classification of such algebras over C is well known, although we shall give a derivation of this classification using an approach of treating them as L-infinity algebras. Because the symmetric algebra of a three dimensional odd vector space contains terms only of exterior degree less than or equal to three, the construction of versal deformations can be carried out completely. We give a characterization of the moduli space of Lie algeb…
A simple method is proposed for deforming $A_\infty$-algebras by means of the resolution technique. The method is then applied to the associative algebras of polynomial functions on quantum superspaces. Specifically, by introducing suitable resolutions, we construct explicit deformations of these algebras in the category of minimal $A_\infty$-algebras. The relation of these deformations to higher spin gravities is briefly discussed.
In this paper, we first recall the notion of (noncommutative) Poisson conformal algebras and describe some constructions of them. Then we study the formal distribution (noncommutative) Poisson algebras and coefficient (noncommutative) Poisson algebras. Next, we introduce the notion of conformal formal deformations of commutative associative conformal algebras and show that Poisson conformal algebras are the corresponding semi-classical limits. At last, we develop the cohomology theory of noncommutative Poisson conformal algebras and use this cohomology to study their deformations.
Contracting the $h$-deformation of $\SL(2,\Real)$, we construct a new deformation of two dimensional Poincaré algebra, the algebra of functions on its group and its differential structure. It is also shown that the Hopf algebra is triangular, and its universal R matrix is also constructed explicitly. Then, we find a deformation map for the universal enveloping algebra, and at the end, give the deformed mass shells and Lorentz transformation.
We consider inner deformations of families of $A_\infty$-algebras. With the help of noncommutative Cartan's calculus, we prove the invariance of Hochschild (co)homology under inner deformations. The invariance also holds for cyclic cohomology classes that satisfy some additional conditions. Applications to dg-algebras and QFT problems are briefly discussed.
In this paper we define Courant algebroids in a purely algebraic way and study their deformation theory by using two different but equivalent graded Poisson algebras of degree -2. First steps towards a quantization of Courant algebroids are proposed by employing a Fedosov like deformation quantization.
This paper together with the previous one (arXiv:hep-th/0604146) presents the detailed description of all quantum deformations of D=4 Lorentz algebra as Hopf algebra in terms of complex and real generators. We describe here in detail two quantum deformations of the D=4 Lorentz algebra o(3,1) obtained by twisting of the standard q-deformation U_{q}(o(3,1)). For the first twisted q-deformation an Abelian twist depending on Cartan generators of o(3,1) is used. The second example of twisting provides a quantum deformation of Cremmer-Gervais type for the Lorentz algebra. For completeness we describ…
We introduce a notion of elliptic differential graded Lie algebra. The class of elliptic algebras contains such examples as the algebra of differential forms with values in endomorphisms of a flat vector bundle over a compact manifold, etc. For elliptic differential graded algebra we construct a complete set of deformations. We show that for several deformation problems the existence of a formal power series solution guarantees the existence of an analytic solution.
The $L_\infty$-algebra is an algebraic structure suitable for describing deformation problems. In this paper we construct one $L_\infty$-algebra, which turns out to be a differential graded Lie algebra, to control the deformations of Lie algebroids and a second one to control the deformations of Lie subalgebroids. We also combine these two $L_\infty$-algebras into one to control the simultaneous deformations of a Lie algebroid and its Lie subalgebroids. The results generalize the deformation theory of Lie algebra and Lie subalgebras. Applications of our results include deformations of foliatio…
We generalize some results concerning affine algebras at the critical level to the corresponding quantum algebras. In particular, we show that the Wakimoto realization provides a homomorphism of Poisson algebras from the center of a quantum affine algebra to a Heisenberg-Poisson algebra. This homomorphism is a q-deformation of the Miura transformation. It is given by the same formulas as the spectra of transfer-matrices of the corresponding quantum integrable models. The image of the center in the Heisenberg-Poisson algebra is a Poisson subalgebra of the latter, which is a q-deformation of the…
The deformations of an infinite dimensional algebra may be controlled not just by its own cohomology but by that of an associated diagram of algebras, since an infinite dimensional algebra may be absolutely rigid in the classical deformation theory for single algebras while depending essentially on some parameters. Two examples studied here, the function field of a sphere with four marked points and the first Weyl algebra, show, however, that the existence of these parameters may be made evident by the cohomology of a diagram (presheaf) of algebras constructed from the original. The Cohomology…
This article explores some simple examples of L-infinity algebras and the construction of miniversal deformations of these structures. Among other things, it is shown that there are two families of nonequivalent L-infinity structures on a 1|1 dimensional vector space, two of which are Lie algebra structures. The main purpose of this work is to provide a simple effective procedure for constructing miniversal deformations, using the examples to illustrate the general technique. The same method can be applied directly to construct versal deformations of Lie algebras.
We determine the \emph{$L_\infty$-algebra} that controls deformations of a relative Rota-Baxter Lie algebra and show that it is an extension of the dg Lie algebra controlling deformations of the underlying LieRep pair by the dg Lie algebra controlling deformations of the relative Rota-Baxter operator. Consequently, we define the {\em cohomology} of relative Rota-Baxter Lie algebras and relate it to their infinitesimal deformations. A large class of relative Rota-Baxter Lie algebras is obtained from triangular Lie bialgebras and we construct a map between the corresponding deformation complexes…
Three classes of classical r-matrices for sl(4,C) algebra are constructed in quasi-Frobenius algebra approach. They satisfy CYBE and are spanned respectively on 8,10,12 generators. The o(4,2) reality condition can be imposed only on the eight dimensional r matrices with dimension-full deformation parameters. Contrary to the Poincare algebra case, it appears that all deformations with a mass-like deformation parameter (kappa- deformations) are described by classical r-matrices satisfying CYBE.
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