In this paper, deformations of $L_\infty$-algebras are defined in such a way that the bases of deformations are $L_\infty$-algebras, as well. A universal and a semiuniversal deformation is constructed for $L_\infty$-algebras, whose cotangent complex admits a splitting. The paper also contains an explicit construction of a minimal $L_\infty$-structure on the homology $H$ of a differential graded Lie algebra $L$ and of an $L_\infty$-quasi-isomorphism between $H$ and $L$.
We develop the deformation theory of A_\infty algebras together with \infty inner products and identify a differential graded Lie algebra that controls the theory. This generalizes the deformation theories of associative algebras, A_\infty algebras, associative algebras with inner products, and A_\infty algebras with inner products.
We give an $L_\infty$-interpretation of the classification, obtained in [AP2], of the formal deformations of a family of exact Poisson structures in dimension three. We indeed obtain again the explicit formulas for all the formal deformations of these Poisson structures, together with a classification in the generic case, by constructing a suitable quasi-isomorphism between two $L_\infty$-algebras, which are associated to these Poisson structures.
We show that Deformation Quantization of quadratic Poisson structures preserves the $A_\infty$-Morita equivalence of a given pair of Koszul dual $A_\infty$-algebras.
This is an addendum to the paper ``Deformation of $L_\infty$-Algebras'' of the same author. We explain in which way the deformation theory of $L_\infty$-algebras extends the deformation theory of singularities. We show that the construction of semi-universal deformations of $L_\infty$-algebras gives explicit formal semi-universal deformations of isolated singularities.
In this paper,we will show how to kill the obstructions to Lie algebra deformations via a method which essentially embeds a Lie algebra into Strong homotopy Lie algebra or $L_{\infty}$ algebra. All such obstructions have been transfered to the revelvant $L_{\infty}$ algebras which contain only three terms
$G_\infty$-structure is shown to exist on the deformation complex of a morphism of associative algebras. The main step of the construction is extension of a $B_\infty$-algebra by an associative algebra. Actions of $B_\infty$-algebras on associative and $B_\infty$-algebras are analyzed, extensions of $B_\infty$-algebras by associative and $B_\infty$-algebras, that they act upon, are constructed. The resulting $G_\infty$-algebra on the deformation complex of a morphism is shown to be quasi-isomorphic to the $G_\infty$-algebra on deformation complex of the corresponding diagram algebra.
A simple method is proposed for deforming $A_\infty$-algebras by means of the resolution technique. The method is then applied to the associative algebras of polynomial functions on quantum superspaces. Specifically, by introducing suitable resolutions, we construct explicit deformations of these algebras in the category of minimal $A_\infty$-algebras. The relation of these deformations to higher spin gravities is briefly discussed.
We introduce dg Lie algebras controlling the deformations of vertex algebras and vertex Poisson algebras, utilizing the notion of operadic dg Lie algebra and the theory of chiral algebra. In terms of those dg Lie algebras, we formulate the deformation quantization problem of vertex Poisson algebras to vertex algebras.
We consider inner deformations of families of $A_\infty$-algebras. With the help of noncommutative Cartan's calculus, we prove the invariance of Hochschild (co)homology under inner deformations. The invariance also holds for cyclic cohomology classes that satisfy some additional conditions. Applications to dg-algebras and QFT problems are briefly discussed.
We prove thst the deformation complex of a d-algebra (shifted by 1-d) carries a natural structure of (d+1)-algebra. This is a purely algebraic version of a similkar theorem of Kontsevich.
We study the deformation theory of pre-symplectic structures, i.e. closed two-forms of fixed rank. The main result is a parametrization of nearby deformations of a given pre-symplectic structure in terms of an $L_\infty$-algebra, which we call Koszul $L_\infty$-algebra. This $L_\infty$-algebra is a cousin of the Koszul dg Lie algebra associated to a Poisson manifold. In addition, we show that a quotient of the Koszul $L_{\infty}$-algebra is isomorphic to the $L_\infty$-algebra which controls the deformations of the underlying characteristic foliation. Finally, we show that the infinitesimal de…
We study deformation of Courant pairs with a commutative algebra base. We consider the deformation cohomology bi-complex and describe a universal infinitesimal deformation. In a sequel, we formulate an extension of a given deformation of a Courant pair to another with extended base. This leads to describe the obstruction in extending a given deformation. We also discuss about the construction of versal deformation of Courant pairs. As an application, we explicitly compute universal infinitesimal deformation of Poisson algebra structures
In this work we consider deformations of Leibniz algebras over a field of characteristic zero. The main problem in deformation theory is to describe all non-equivalent deformations of a given object. We give a method to solve this problem completely, namely work out a construction of a versal deformation for a given Leibniz algebra, which induces all non-equivalent deformations and is unique on the infinitesimal level.
In this paper we give some examples of generalized Massey products, arising from deformations of A-infinity and L-infinity algebras. The generalized Massey products are given by certain graded commutative algebra structures, depending on the deformation problem considered. We show that the formal deformations of infinity algebras give rise to the same algebraic structure as the deformations of Z2-graded Lie algebras. However, the problem of deforming a Lie algebra into an L-infinity algebra, or an associative algebra into an A-infinity algebra gives rise to a new algebra. We also consider defo…
Jump deformations and contractions of Lie algebras are inverse concepts, but the approaches to their computations are quite different. In this paper, we contrast the two approaches, showing how to compute jump deformations from the miniversal deformation of a Lie algebra, and thus arrive at the contractions. We also compute contractions directly. We use the moduli spaces of real 3-dimensional and complex 3 and 4-dimensional Lie algebras as models for explaining a deformation theory approach to computation of contractions.
The deformation theory of a Dirac structure is controlled by a differential graded Lie algebra which depends on the choice of an auxiliary transversal Dirac structure; if the transversal is not involutive, one obtains an $L_\infty$ algebra instead. We develop a simplified method for describing this $L_\infty$ algebra and use it to prove that the $L_\infty$ algebras corresponding to different transversals are canonically $L_\infty$-isomorphic. In some cases, this isomorphism provides a formality map, as we show in several examples including (quasi)-Poisson geometry, Dirac structures on Lie grou…
In this paper we develop the $A_\infty$-analog of the Maurer-Cartan simplicial set associated to an $L_\infty$-algebra and show how we can use this to study the deformation theory of $\infty$-morphisms of algebras over non-symmetric operads. More precisely, we define a functor from the category of (curved) $A_\infty$-algebras to simplicial sets which sends an $A_\infty$-algebra to the associated simplicial set of Maurer-Cartan elements. This functor has the property that it gives a Kan complex. We also show that this functor can be used to study deformation problems over a field of characteris…
We develop the deformations theory of a Dirac--Jacobi structure within a fixed Courant--Jacobi algebroid. Using the description of split Courant--Jacobi algebroids as degree $2$ contact $\mathbb{N} Q$ manifolds and Voronov's higher derived brackets, each Dirac--Jacobi structure is associated with a cubic $L_\infty$ algebra for any choice of a complementary almost Dirac--Jacobi structure. This $L_\infty$ algebra governs the deformations of the Dirac--Jacobi structure: there is a one-to-one correspondence between the MC elements of this $L_\infty$ algebra and the small deformations of the Dirac-…
We propose a simple method for constructing formal deformations of differential graded algebras in the category of minimal $A_\infty$-algebras. The basis for our approach is provided by the Gerstenhaber algebra structure on the $A_\infty$-cohomology, which we define in terms of the brace operations. As an example, we construct a minimal $A_\infty$-algebra from the Weyl-Moyal $\ast$-product algebra of polynomial functions.
The goal of the present paper is to introduce a smaller, but equivalent version of the Deligne-Hinich-Getzler $\infty$-groupoid associated to a homotopy Lie algebra. In the case of differential graded Lie algebras, we represent it by a universal cosimplicial object.
From the `cofree' cooperad $T'(A[-1])$ on a collection $A$ together with a differential, we construct an $L_\infty$-algebra structure on the total space $\bigoplus_nA(n)$ that descends to coinvariants. We use this construction to define an $L_\infty$-algebra controlling deformations of the operad $P$ under $Q$ from a cofibrant resolution for an operad $Q$, and an operad map $Q\longrightarrow P$. Starting from a diffent cofibrant resolution one obtains a quasi isomorohic $L_\infty$-algebra. This approach unifies Markl's cotangent cohomology of operads and the approaches to deformation of $Q$-al…
The $L_\infty$-algebra is an algebraic structure suitable for describing deformation problems. In this paper we construct one $L_\infty$-algebra, which turns out to be a differential graded Lie algebra, to control the deformations of Lie algebroids and a second one to control the deformations of Lie subalgebroids. We also combine these two $L_\infty$-algebras into one to control the simultaneous deformations of a Lie algebroid and its Lie subalgebroids. The results generalize the deformation theory of Lie algebra and Lie subalgebras. Applications of our results include deformations of foliatio…
In this note we compute Leibniz algebra deformations of the 3-dimensional nilpotent Lie algebra $\mathfrak{n}_3$ and compare it with its Lie deformations. It turns out that there are 3 extra Leibniz deformations. We also describe the versal Leibniz deformation of $\mathfrak{n}_3$ with the versal base.
The exterior algebra $E$ on a finite-rank free module $V$ carries a $\mathbb{Z}/2$-grading and an increasing filtration, and the $\mathbb{Z}/2$-graded filtered deformations of $E$ as an associative algebra are the familiar Clifford algebras, classified by quadratic forms on $V$. We extend this result to $A_\infty$-algebra deformations $\mathcal{A}$, showing that they are classified by formal functions on $V$. The proof translates the problem into the language of matrix factorisations, using the localised mirror functor construction of Cho-Hong-Lau, and works over an arbitrary ground ring. We a…
An affine action of an associative algebra $A$ on a vector space $V$ is an algebra morphism $A \to V \rtimes {\rm End}(V)$, where $V$ is a vector space and $V \rtimes {\rm End}(V)$ is the algebra of affine transformations of $V$. The one dimensional version of the Swiss-Cheese operad, denoted ${\mathrm{\bf{sc}}}_1$, is the operad that governs affine actions of associative algebras. This operad is Koszul and admits a minimal model denoted by $({\mathrm{\bf{sc}}}_1)_\infty$. Algebras over this minimal model are called Homotopy Affine Actions, they consist of an $A_\infty$-morphism $A \to V \rtim…
In this paper, we study deformations of coisotropic submanifolds in a locally conformal symplectic manifold. Firstly, we derive the equation that governs $C^\infty$ deformations of coisotropic submanifolds and define the corresponding $C^\infty$-moduli space of coisotropic submanifolds modulo the Hamiltonian isotopies. Secondly, we prove that the formal deformation problem is governed by an $L_\infty$-structure which is a $\frak b$-deformation of strong homotopy Lie algebroids introduced in Oh and Park (2005) in the symplectic context. Then we study deformations of locally conformal symplectic…
The aim of this paper is to extend to Hom-algebra structures the theory of formal deformations of algebras which was introduced by Gerstenhaber for associative algebras and extended to Lie algebras by Nijenhuis-Richardson. We deal with Hom-associative and Hom-Lie algebras. We construct the first groups of a deformation cohomology and give several examples of deformations. We provide families of Hom-Lie algebras deforming Lie algebra $sl_2$ and describe as formal deformations the q-deformed Witt algebra and Jackson $sl_2$.
The purpose of this paper is to study deformation theory of Hom-associative algebra morphisms and Hom-Lie algebra morphisms. We introduce a suitable cohomology and discuss Infinitesimal deformations, equivalent deformations and obstructions. Moreover, we provide some examples.
In this paper we compute the deformation theory of a special class of algebras, namely of Azumaya algebras on a manifold ($C^{\infty}$ or complex analytic).
In this paper, we review deformation, cohomology and homotopy theories of relative Rota-Baxter Lie algebras, which have attracted quite much interest recently. Using Voronov's higher derived brackets, one can obtain an $L_\infty$-algebra whose Maurer-Cartan elements are relative Rota-Baxter Lie algebras. Then using the twisting method, one can obtain the $L_\infty$-algebra that controls deformations of a relative \RB Lie algebra. Meanwhile, the cohomologies of relative Rota-Baxter Lie algebras can also be defined with the help of the twisted $L_\infty$-algebra. Using the controlling algebra ap…
Functorial properties of the correspondence between commutative BV$_\infty$-algebras and L$_\infty$-algebras are investigated. The category of L$_\infty$-algebras with L$_\infty$-morphisms is characterized as a certain category of pure BV$_\infty$-algebras with pure BV$_\infty$-morphisms. The functor assigning to a commutative BV$_\infty$-algebra the L$_\infty$-algebra given by higher derived brackets is also shown to have a left adjoint. Cieliebak-Fukaya-Latschev's machinery of IBL$_\infty$- and BV$_\infty$-morphisms is further developed with introducing the logarithm of a map.
In this paper we will study deformations of A-infinity algebras. We will also answer questions relating to Moore algebras which are one of the simplest nontrivial examples of an A-infinity algebra. We will compute the Hochschild cohomology of odd Moore algebras and classify them up to a unital weak equivalence. We will construct miniversal deformations of particular Moore algebras and relate them to the universal odd and even Moore algebras. Finally we will conclude with an investigation of formal one-parameter deformations of an A-infinity algebra.
The strong homotopy Lie algebra, controlling simultaneous deformations of a morphism of associative algebras and its domain and codomain is constructed. Isomorphism of the cohomology of this strong homotopy Lie algebra with the classical construction is shown.
We discuss quantum deformation of the affine transformation algebra. It is shown that the quantum algebra has a non-cocommutative Hopf algebra structure, simple realizations and quantum tensor operators.
Let $(M,ω)$ be a symplectic manifold, $\mathcal{D}\subset TM$ a real polarization on $M$ and $\wp$ a leaf of $\mathcal{D}$. We construct a Fedosov-type star-product $\ast_L$ on $M$ such that $C^\infty (\wp)[[h]]$ has a natural structure of left module over the deformed algebra $(C^\infty (M)[[h]], \ast_L)$. This generalizes the results of 0708.2626.
This paper discusses the notion of a deformation quantization for an arbitrary polynomial Poisson algebra A. We examine the Hochschild cohomology group H^3(A) and find that if a deformation of A exists it can be given by bidifferential operators. We then compute an explicit third order deformation quantization of A and show that it comes from a quantized enveloping algebra. We show that the deformation extends to a fourth order deformation if and only if the quantized enveloping algebra gives a fourth order deformation; moreover we give an example where the deformation does not extend. A corre…
The aim of this paper is to review the deformation theory of $n$-Lie algebras. We summarize the 1-parameter formal deformation theory and provide a generalized approach using any unital commutative associative algebra as a deformation base. Moreover, we discuss degenerations and quantization of $n$-Lie algebras.
The purpose of this paper is to introduce an algebraic cohomology and formal deformation theory of left alternative algebras. Connections to some other algebraic structures are given also.
We compute the second Hochschild cohomology space $HH^2(\mathcal{H}_1)$ of Connes-Moscovici's Hopf algebra $\mathcal{H}_1$, giving the infinitesimal deformations (up to equivalence) of the associative structure. $HH^2(\mathcal{H}_1)$ is shown to be one dimensional, and thus Connes-Moscovici's formal deformation of $\mathcal{H}_1$ using Rankin-Cohen brackets is unique up to equivalence.
To a homotopy algebra one may associate its deformation complex, which is naturally a differential graded Lie algebra. We show that infinity quasi-isomorphic homotopy algebras have L-infinity quasi-isomorphic deformation complexes by an explicit construction.
A classical problem in algebraic deformation theory is whether an infinitesimal deformation can be extended to a formal deformation. The answer to this question is usually given in terms of Massey powers. If all Massey powers of the cohomology class determined by the infinitesimal deformation vanish, then the deformation extends to a formal one. We consider another approach to this problem, by constructing a miniversal deformation of the algebra. One advantage of this approach is that it answers not only the question of existence, but gives a construction of an extension as well.
We construct a universal deformation formula for Connes-Moscovici's Hopf algebra without any projective structure using Fedosov's quantization of symplectic diffeomorphisms.
This is a next paper from a sequel devoted to algebraic aspects of Yang-Mills theory. We undertake a study of deformation theory of Yang-Mills algebra YM - a ``universal solution'' of Yang-Mills equation. We compute (cyclic) (co)homology of YM.
We discuss two-parameter deformations of an universal enveloping algebra $U(g[u])$ of a polynomial loop algebra $g[u]$, where $g$ is a finite-dimensional complex simple Lie algebra (or superalgebra). These deformations are Hopf algebras. One deformation called Drinfeldian is a quantization of $U(g[u])$ in the direction of a classical r-matrix which is a sum of the simplest rational and trigonometric r-matrices. Another deformation (discussed only for the case $g=sl_{2}$) is a twisting of the usual Yangian $Y_η(sl_{2})$.
In these notes, we introduce formal hom-associative deformations of the quantum planes and the universal enveloping algebras of the two-dimensional non-abelian Lie algebras. We then show that these deformations induce formal hom-Lie deformations of the corresponding Lie algebras constructed by using the commutator as bracket.
In this article we propose a new and so-called holomorphic deformation scheme for locally convex algebras and Hopf algebras. Essentially we regard converging power series expansion of a deformed product on a locally convex algebra, thus giving the means to actually insert complex values for the deformation parameter. Moreover we establish a topological duality theory for locally convex Hopf algebras. Examples coming from the theory of quantum groups are reconsidered within our holomorphic deformation scheme and topological duality theory. It is shown that all the standard quantum groups compri…
We introduce a new cohomology theory related to deformations of Lie algebra morphisms. This notion involves simultaneous deformations of two Lie algebras and a homomorphism between them.
In this paper, we attach an $L_\infty$-algebra to any coisotropic submanifold in a Jacobi manifold. Our construction generalizes and unifies analogous constructions by Oh-Park (symplectic case), Cattaneo-Felder (Poisson case), Lê-Oh (locally conformal symplectic case). As a new special case, we attach an $L_\infty$-algebra to any coisotropic submanifold in a contact manifold. The $L_\infty$-algebra of a coisotropic submanifold $S$ governs the (formal) deformation problem of $S$.
Motivated by deformation quantization, we consider in this paper $^*$-algebras $\mathcal A$ over rings $\ring C = \ring{R}(i)$, where $\ring R$ is an ordered ring and $i^2 = -1$, and study the deformation theory of projective modules over these algebras carrying the additional structure of a (positive) $\mathcal A$-valued inner product. For $A=C^\infty(M)$, M a manifold, these modules can be identified with Hermitian vector bundles E over M. We show that for a fixed Hermitian star-product on M, these modules can always be deformed in a unique way, up to (isometric) equivalence. We observe that…
We recover some recent results by Dotsenko, Shadrin and Vallette on the Deligne groupoid of a pre-Lie algebra, showing that they follow naturally by a pre-Lie variant of the PBW Theorem. As an application, we show that Kapranov's $L_\infty$ algebra structure on the Dolbeault complex of a Kähler manifold is homotopy abelian and independent on the choice of Kähler metric up to an $L_\infty$ isomorphism, by making the trivializing homotopy and the $L_\infty$ isomorphism explicit.
Let H be a Hopf algebra and let B be a Koszul H-module algebra. We provide necessary and sufficient conditions for a filtered algebra to be a Poincare-Birkhoff-Witt (PBW) deformation of the smash product algebra B#H. Many examples of these deformations are given.
Coisotropic algebras consist of triples of algebras for which a reduction can be defined and unify in a very algebraic fashion coisotropic reduction in several settings. In this paper we study the theory of (formal) deformation of coisotropic algebras showing that deformations are governed by suitable coisotropic DGLAs. We define a deformation functor and prove that it commutes with reduction. Finally, we study the obstructions to existence and uniqueness of coisotropic algebras and present some geometric examples.
We consider versal deformations of 0|3-dimensional L-infinity algebras, which correspond precisely to ordinary (non-graded) three dimensional Lie algebras. The classification of such algebras over C is well known, although we shall give a derivation of this classification using an approach of treating them as L-infinity algebras. Because the symmetric algebra of a three dimensional odd vector space contains terms only of exterior degree less than or equal to three, the construction of versal deformations can be carried out completely. We give a characterization of the moduli space of Lie algeb…
In this paper, we first recall the notion of (noncommutative) Poisson conformal algebras and describe some constructions of them. Then we study the formal distribution (noncommutative) Poisson algebras and coefficient (noncommutative) Poisson algebras. Next, we introduce the notion of conformal formal deformations of commutative associative conformal algebras and show that Poisson conformal algebras are the corresponding semi-classical limits. At last, we develop the cohomology theory of noncommutative Poisson conformal algebras and use this cohomology to study their deformations.
