Frank Keller, Stefan Waldmann
In this paper we define Courant algebroids in a purely algebraic way and study their deformation theory by using two different but equivalent graded Poisson algebras of degree -2. First steps towards a quantization of Courant algebroids are proposed by employing a Fedosov like deformation quantization.
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Pre-Courant algebroids are `Courant algebroids' without the Jacobi identity for the Courant-Dorfman bracket. In this paper we examine the corresponding supermanifold description of pre-Courant algebroids and some direct consequences thereof - such as the definition of (sub-)Dirac structures and the notion of the naive quasi-cochain complex. In particular we define symplectic almost Lie 2-algebroids and show how they correspond to pre-Courant algebroids. Moreover, the framework of supermanifolds allows us to economically define and work with pre-Courant algebroids equipped with a compatible non…
The BV double of a Courant algebroid
本文刻画带Calabi-Yau结构的Courant代数胚为特定同伦BV代数，并说明其在Yang-Mills、Double Field Theory与Gravity同伦代数双重对偶构造中的位置。
This is the first of two papers on vertex Poisson algebras associated with Courant algebroids, and their deformations. In this work, we study relationships between vertex Poisson algebras and Courant algebroids. For any $\N$-graded vertex Poisson algebra $A=\coprod_{n\in\N} A_{(n)}$, we show that $A_{(1)}$ is a Courant $A_{(0)}$-algebroid. On the other hand, for any Courant $\mathcal{A}$-algebroid $\mathcal{B}$, we construct an $\N$-graded vertex Poisson algebra $A=\coprod_{n\in\N}A_{(n)}$ such that $A_{(0)}$ is $\mathcal{A}$ and the Courant $\mathcal{A}$-algebroid $A_{(1)}$ is isomorphic to $…
The "odd transgression" introduced by the authors in an earlier article is applied to construct and study the inverse image functor in the theory of Courant algebroids.
We define the transgression functor which associates to a (higher-dimensional) Courant algebroid on a manifold a Lie algebroid on the shifted tangent bundle of the manifold.
Courant algebroids are structures which include as examples the doubles of Lie bialgebras and the direct sum of tangent and cotangent bundles with the bracket introduced by T. Courant for the study of Dirac structures. Within the category of Courant algebroids one can construct the doubles of Lie bialgebroids, the infinitesimal objects for Poisson groupoids. We show that Courant algebroids can be considered as strongly homotopy Lie algebras.
We generalize Hansen--Strobl's definition of $H$-twisted Courant algebroid such that the twist $H$ of the Jacobi identity is a 4-form in the kernel of the anchor map and is closed under a naturally occurring exterior covariant derivative. We give examples and define a cohomology.
Deformation theory refers to an apparatus in many parts of math and physics for going from an infinitesimal (= first order) deformation to a full deformation, either formal or convergent appropriately. If the algebra being deformed is that of observables, the result is deformation quantization, independent of any realization in terms of Hilbert space operators. There are very important but rare cases in which a formula for a full deformation is known. For physics, the most important is the Moyal-Weyl star product formula. In this paper, we concentrate on deformations of Courant algebroid struc…
Observables on multisymplectic manifolds and higher Courant algebroids
本文研究了多变重流形上由闭非退化微分形式关联的可观测量的 $L_{\infty}$-代数与扭曲的高阶 Courant algebroid 截面的 $L_{\infty}$-代数，证明了前者的 $L_{\infty}$-嵌入，给出了涉及伯努利数的显式公式，并证明其与规范变换相容。
We define a quasiclassical limit of the Lian-Zuckerman homotopy BV algebra (quasiclassical LZ algebra) on the subcomplex, corresponding to "light modes", i.e. the elements of zero conformal weight, of the semi-infinite (BRST) cohomology complex of the Virasoro algebra associated with vertex operator algebra (VOA) with a formal parameter. We also construct a certain deformation of the BRST differential parametrized by a constant two-component tensor, such that it leads to the deformation of the $A_{\infty}$-subalgebra of the quasiclassical LZ algebra. Altogether this gives a functor the categor…
In this paper, we develop a differential-graded symplectic (Batalin-Vilkovisky) version of the framework of Crawley-Boevey, Etingof and Ginzburg on noncommutative differential geometry based on double derivations to construct non-commutative analogues of the Courant algebroids introduced by Liu, Weinstein and Xu. Adapting geometric constructions of Ševera and Roytenberg for (commutative) graded symplectic supermanifolds, we express the BRST charge, given in our framework by a `homological double derivation', in terms of Van den Bergh's double Poisson algebras for graded bi-symplectic non-commu…
We show that the skew-symmetrized product on every Leibniz algebra E can be realized on a reductive complement to a subalgebra in a Lie algebra. As a consequence, we construct a nonassociative multiplication on E which, when E is a Lie algebra, is derived from the integrated adjoint representation. We apply this construction to realize the bracket operations on the sections of Courant algebroids and on the ``omni-Lie algebras'' recently introduced by the second author.
Infinitesimal symmetries of bundle gerbes and Courant algebroids
本文证明了光滑流形上 χ-扭曲 Courant 代数胚截面的 Lie 2-代数与 3-曲率为 χ 的 S^1-束 gerbe 上保联络乘法向量场的 Lie 2-代数拟同构，建立了二者的无穷小对称性对应。
This paper is devoted to a study of geometric structures expressible in terms of graded symplectic supermanifolds. We extend the classical BRST formalism to arbitrary pseudo-Euclidean vector bundles (E\to M_{0}) by canonically associating to such a bundle a graded symplectic supermanifold ((M,Ω)), with (\textrm{deg}(Ω)=2). Conversely, every such manifold arises in this way. We describe the algebra of functions on (M) in terms of (E) and show that ``BRST charges'' on (M) correspond to Courant algebroid structures on (E), thereby constructing the standard complex for the latter as a generalizati…
We introduce a new type of algebra, the Courant-Dorfman algebra. These are to Courant algebroids what Lie-Rinehart algebras are to Lie algebroids, or Poisson algebras to Poisson manifolds. We work with arbitrary rings and modules, without any regularity, finiteness or non-degeneracy assumptions. To each Courant-Dorfman algebra $(\R,\E)$ we associate a differential graded algebra $\C(\E,\R)$ in a functorial way by means of explicit formulas. We describe two canonical filtrations on $\C(\E,\R)$, and derive an analogue of the Cartan relations for derivations of $\C(\E,\R)$; we classify central ex…
Meromorphic open-string vertex algebras and twisted modules from Courant algebroids
本文从带广义度量和联络的传递Courant代数胚构造亚纯开弦顶点代数及其扭曲模，实现Dirac算子和广义Hodge Laplacian的顶点算子表示，并推广到精确情形下的微分形式。
We study topological open membranes of BF type in a manifest BV formalism. Our main interest is the effect of the bulk deformations on the algebra of boundary operators. This forms a homotopy Lie algebra, which can be understood in terms of a closed string field theory. The simplest models are associated to quasi-Lie bialgebras and are of Chern-Simons type. More generally, the induced structure is a Courant algebroid, or ``quasi-Lie bialgebroid'', with boundary conditions related to Dirac bundles. A canonical example is the topological open membrane coupling to a closed 3-form, modeling the de…
We present a classification of transitive vertex algebroids on a smooth variety X carried out in the spirit of Bressler's classification of Courant algebroids. In particular, we compute the class of the stack of transitive vertex algebroids. We define deformations of sheaves of twisted chiral differential operators introduced in \cite{AChM} and use the classification result to describe and classify such deformations. As a particular case, we obtain a localization of Wakimoto modules at non-critical level on flag manifolds.
We find a canonical quantization of Courant algebroids over Veronese rings. Part of our approach allows a semi-infinite cohomology interpretation, and the latter can be used to define sheaves of chiral differential operators on some homogeneous spaces including the space of pure spinors punctured at a point.
We define a new differential geometric structure, called Lie rackoid. It relates to Leibniz algebroids exactly as Lie groupoids relate to Lie algebroids. Its main ingredient is a selfdistributive product on the manifold of bisections of a smooth precategory. We show that the tangent algebroid of a Lie rackoid is a Leibniz algebroid and that Lie groupoids gives rise via conjugation to a Lie rackoid. Our main objective are large classes of examples, including a Lie rackoid integrating the Dorfman bracket without the cocycle term of the standard Courant algebroid.
The algebraic and geometric structures of deformations are analyzed concerning topological field theories of Schwarz type by means of the Batalin-Vilkovisky formalism. Deformations of the Chern-Simons-BF theory in three dimensions induces the Courant algebroid structure on the target space as a sigma model. Deformations of BF theories in $n$ dimensions are also analyzed. Two dimensional deformed BF theory induces the Poisson structure and three dimensional deformed BF theory induces the Courant algebroid structure on the target space as a sigma model. The deformations of BF theories in $n$ dim…
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