We study the relativistic Vlasov-Maxwell system which describes large systems of particles interacting by means of their collectively generated forces. If the speed of light $c$ is considered as a parameter then it is known that in the Newtonian limit $c\to\infty$ the Vlasov-Poisson system is obtained. In this paper we determine the next order approximate system, which in the case of individual particles usually is called the Darwin approximation.
We show that nonrelativsitic scaling of the collisionless Vlasov-Maxwell system implies the existence of a formal invariant slow manifold in the infinite-dimensional Vlasov-Maxwell phase space. Vlasov-Maxwell dynamics restricted to the slow manifold recovers the Vlasov-Poisson and Vlasov-Darwin models as low-order approximations, and provides higher-order corrections to the Vlasov-Darwin model more generally. The slow manifold may be interpreted to all orders in perturbation theory as a collection of formal Vlasov-Maxwell solutions that do not excite light waves, and are therefore "dark". We p…
We present a microscopic derivation of the 3-dimensional relativistic Vlasov-Maxwell system as a combined mean field and point-particle limit of an $N$-particle system of rigid charges with $N$-dependent radius. The approximation holds for typical initial particle configurations, implying in particular propagation of chaos for the respective dynamics.
The proof of the Jacobi property of the guiding-center Vlasov-Maxwell bracket underlying the Hamiltonian structure of the guiding-center Vlasov-Maxwell equations is presented.
In this paper we consider the mean field limit and non-relativistic limit of relativistic Vlasov-Maxwell particle system to Vlasov-Poisson equation. With the relativistic Vlasov-Maxwell particle system being a starting point, we carry out the estimates (with respect to $N$ and $c$) between the characteristic equation of both Vlasov-Maxwell particle model and Vlasov-Poisson equation, where the probabilistic method is exploited. In the last step, we take both large $N$ limit and non-relativistic limit (meaning $c$ tending to infinity) to close the argument.
The Hamiltonian structure of the gauge-free gyrokinetic Vlasov-Maxwell equations is presented in terms of a Hamiltonian functional and a gyrokinetic Vlasov-Maxwell bracket. The bracket is used to show that the gyrokinetic angular-momentum conservation law can also be expressed in Hamiltonian form. The Jacobi property of the gyrokinetic Vlasov-Maxwell bracket is also demonstrated explicitly.
The time evolution of a collisionless plasma is modeled by the relativistic Vlasov-Maxwell system which couples the Vlasov equation (the transport equation) with the Maxwell equations of electrodynamics. We consider the case that the plasma consists of $N$ particle species, the particles are located in a bounded container $Ω\subset\mathbb R^3$, and are subject to boundary conditions on $\partialΩ$. Furthermore, there are external currents, typically in the exterior of the container, that may serve as a control of the plasma if adjusted suitably. We do not impose perfect conductor boundary cond…
In this work, we mainly concern the limiting behavior of the electromagnetic field of two species Vlasov-Maxwell-Botlzmann system in diffusive limits. As knudsen numbers goes to zero, the electric magnetic and magnetic field may perserve or vanish. We verify rigorously Navier-Stokes, Navier-Stokes-Poisson and Navier-Stokes Maxwell limit of the two species Vlasov-Maxwell-Boltzmann system on the torus in three dimension. The justification is based on the unified and uniform estimates of solutions to the dimensionless Vlasov-Maxwell-Boltzmann. The uniform estimates of solutions are obtained by em…
In this work, the magnetohydrodynamics system is formally derived from two species Vlasov-Maxwell-Boltzmann system. By employing the hypocoercivity of the linear Boltzmann operator and overcoming the difficulties resulting from the singular Lorentz term, we first obtain the uniform estimates of solutions with respect to the Knudsen number and then derive the magnetohydrodynamics system from the dimensionless Valsov-Maxwell-Boltzmann system.
The Vlasov-Maxwell equations possess a Hamiltonian structure expressed in terms of a Hamiltonian functional and a functional bracket. In the present paper, the transformation ("lift") of the Vlasov-Maxwell bracket induced by the dynamical reduction of single-particle dynamics is investigated when the reduction is carried out by Lie-transform perturbation methods. The ultimate goal of this work is to derive explicit Hamiltonian formulations for the guiding-center and gyrokinetic Vlasov-Maxwell equations that have important applications in our understanding of turbulent magnetized plasmas. Here,…
In this work we recast the collisional Vlasov-Maxwell and Vlasov-Poisson equations as systems of coupled stochastic and partial differential equations, and we derive stochastic variational principles which underlie such reformulations. We also propose a stochastic particle method for the collisional Vlasov-Maxwell equations and provide a variational characterization of it, which can be used as a basis for a further development of stochastic structure-preserving particle-in-cell integrators.
In this paper, we study the Vlasov-Maxwell system in the non-relativistic limit, that is in the regime where the speed of light is a very large parameter. We consider data lying in the vicinity of homogeneous equilibria that are stable in the sense of Penrose (for the Vlasov-Poisson system), and prove Sobolev stability estimates that are valid for times which are polynomial in terms of the speed of light and of the inverse of size of initial perturbations. We build a kind of higher-order Vlasov-Darwin approximation which allows us to reach arbitrarily large powers of the speed of light.
The time evolution of a collisionless plasma is modeled by the relativistic Vlasov-Maxwell system which couples the Vlasov equation (the transport equation) with the Maxwell equations of electrodynamics. In this work, the setting is two and one-half dimensional, that is, the distribution functions of the particles species are independent of the third space dimension. We consider the case that the plasma is located in an infinitely long cylinder and is influenced by an external magnetic field. We prove existence of stationary solutions and give conditions on the external magnetic field under wh…
We consider the plasma confined in a general axisymmetric spatial domain with perfect conducting boundary which reflects particles specularly, and look at a certain class of equilibria, assuming axisymmetry in the problem. We prove a sharp criterion of spectral stability under these settings. Moreover, we provide several explicit families of stable/unstable equilibria using this criterion.
A new continuation criterion for the relativistic Vlasov-Maxwell system
相对论性Vlasov-Maxwell方程组在有限能量初值充分正则条件下整体解的存在性是一个长期存在的问题。Alfressey-Strauss（1986）的主要结果表明，只要$f$的动量支撑保持有界，解$(f, E, B)$就保持$C^1$。后来Bouchut-Golse-Pallard（2003）和Klainerman-Staffilani（2002）给出了替代证明。证明了只要$f$在投影到任意二维平面上的动量支集有界，$(f, E, B)$就保持$C^1$ .
We study smooth, global-in-time solutions of the relativistic Vlasov-Maxwell system that possess arbitrarily large charge densities and electric fields. In particular, we construct spherically symmetric solutions that describe a thin shell of equally charged particles concentrating arbitrarily close to the origin and which give rise to charge densities and electric fields as large as one desires at some finite time. We show that these solutions exist even for arbitrarily small initial data or any desired mass. In the latter case, the time at which solutions concentrate can also be made arbitra…
It is argued that the relativistic Vlasov--Maxwell equations of the kinetic theory of plasma approximately describe a relativistic system of $N$ charged point particles interacting with the electromagnetic Maxwell fields in a Bopp--Landé--Thomas--Podolsky (BLTP) vacuum, provided the microscopic dynamics lasts long enough.The purpose of this work is not to supply an entirely rigorous vindication, but to lay down a conceptual road map for the microscopic foundations of the kinetic theory of special-relativistic plasma, and to emphasize that a rigorous derivation seems feasible. Rather than worki…
Strichartz estimates and moment bounds for the relativistic Vlasov-Maxwell system II. Continuation criteria in the 3D case
在动量空间中考虑了没有紧支撑的$3$维相对论Vlasov-Maxwell系统.我们证明了两个连续的标准，这个系统的解决方案。首先，我们证明了当电磁场沿任意特征线的积分被假定为有界时，正则解可以连续。这可以被看作是对具有非紧动量支持的经典结果的推广。其次，我们扩展了我们的同伴论文（第一部分）中的方法，证明了只要$\|\pel_0^þ f \|_{L^q_xL^1_{\pel}}$对$þ>\frac 2q$，$2<q\leq \infty$保持有界，正则解就可以扩展。这改进了Pallard（2005）以前的结果。
The action principle by Low [Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 248, 282--287] for the classic Vlasov-Maxwell system contains a mix of Eulerian and Lagrangian variables. This renders the Noether analysis of reparametrization symmetries inconvenient, especially since the well-known energy- and momentum-conservation laws for the system are expressed in terms of Eulerian variables only. While an Euler-Poincaré formulation of Vlasov-Maxwell-type systems, effectively starting with Low's action and using constrained variations for the Eulerian description of particle motion, has been known for a while [J. Math. …
Motivated by recent discussions on the possible role of quantum computation in plasma simulations, here we present different approaches to Koopman's Hilbert-space formulation of classical mechanics in the context of Vlasov-Maxwell kinetic theory. The celebrated Koopman-von Neumann construction is provided with two different Hamiltonian structures: one is canonical and recovers the usual Clebsch representation of the Vlasov density, the other is noncanonical and appears to overcome certain issues emerging in the canonical formalism. Furthermore, the canonical structure is restored for a variant…
The time evolution of a collisionless plasma is modeled by the Vlasov-Maxwell system which couples the Vlasov equation (the transport equation) with the Maxwell equations of electrodynamics. We only consider a 'two-dimensional' version of the problem since existence of global, classical solutions of the full three-dimensional problem is not known. We add external currents to the system, in applications generated by coils, to control the plasma in a proper way. After considering global existence of solutions to this system, differentiability of the control-to-state operator is proved. In applic…
