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arXiv 2605.26481gr-qc
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爱因斯坦和F(R)引力中BTZ黑洞的普适热力学拓扑类

Universal Thermodynamic Topological Classes of BTZ Black Holes in Einstein and F(R) Gravity

College of Physics, Guizhou University(贵州大学物理学院);College of Computer and Information Engineering, Guizhou University of Commerce(贵州商学院计算机与信息工程学院)

Yu-Die Wan, Peng Zhao, Meng-Yao Zhang, Zheng-Wen Long

AI总结:

本文系统研究了三种三维BTZ黑洞(爱因斯坦-麦克斯韦BTZ、F(R)-麦克斯韦BTZ和F(R)-幻影BTZ)在正则和巨正则系综下的广义自由能,发现引力修正和物质场显著影响黑洞拓扑类,且所有拓扑类别属于现有三维时空拓扑分类系统,揭示了其普适性。

摘要:

本文基于不同的引力框架和物质场结构,系统研究了三类三维Bañados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ)黑洞:爱因斯坦-麦克斯韦BTZ、F(R)-麦克斯韦BTZ和F(R)-幻影BTZ。在正则和巨正则系综框架内,我们构建了这些黑洞系统的广义自由能,并系统分析了霍金热力学的渐近行为。结果表明,引力修正和物质场均显著影响黑洞拓扑:与爱因斯坦引力下的BTZ黑洞相比,F(R)引力修正改变了黑洞的内在拓扑类,而不同的物质场进一步调节了拓扑分类结果。此外,通过比较两种系综,我们发现黑洞拓扑类存在显著差异,且这些差异与引力框架和物质场相关。总之,引力框架、物质场和系综选择是控制黑洞拓扑分类的关键因素;所有识别的拓扑类别都属于现有的三维时空拓扑分类系统,突出了它们的普适性。这项工作加深了我们对三维BTZ黑洞热力学-拓扑联系的理解,并为将此类拓扑分类扩展到修正引力理论和不同物质场背景提供了严格的理论基础。

英文摘要:

In this paper, we systematically study three classes of three-dimensional Bañados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black holes based on different gravitational frameworks and matter field structures: the Einstein-Maxwell BTZ, the F(R)-Maxwell BTZ, and the F(R)-phantom BTZ.Within the canonical and grand canonical ensemble frameworks, we construct the generalized free energy of these black hole systems and systematically analyze the asymptotic behavior of Hawking thermodynamics.The results indicate that both gravitational modifications and matter fields significantly influence black hole topology: the F(R) gravitational modification alters the intrinsic topological class of the black hole compared to the BTZ black hole under Einsteinian gravity, while different matter fields further modulate the topological classification results. Furthermore, by comparing the two types of ensembles, we find significant differences in black hole topological classes, and these differences are correlated with the gravitational framework and matter fields. In summary, the gravitational framework, matter fields, and ensemble selection are key factors governing the topological classification of black holes; all identified topological categories belong to the existing three-dimensional spacetime topological classification system, highlighting their universality. This work deepens our understanding of the thermodynamic-topological connection in three-dimensional BTZ black holes and provides a rigorous theoretical foundation for extending such topological classifications to modified gravity theories and different matter field backgrounds.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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