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arXiv 2603.08191nlin.CDphysics.app-ph
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通向混沌的非正规路径

Non-Normal Route to Chaos

Institute of Risk Analysis, Prediction and Management (Risks-X), Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology(南方科技大学前沿交叉科学研究院风险分析与预测管理研究所(Risks-X))

D. Sornette, V. R. Saiprasad, V. Troude

AI总结:

本文发现,在d>1维系统中,即使雅可比矩阵处处谱稳定(特征值在单位圆内),非正交特征向量导致的瞬态奇异向量放大仍可通过非正规性驱动最大李雅普诺夫指数为正,从而产生持续混沌。

摘要:

确定性混沌通常与局部谱扩张相关:雅可比特征值预期在吸引子上某处超过1。我们表明,在维度d>1时,这一观点是不完整的。对于非正规雅可比矩阵,逐点谱稳定性可以暗示处处局部收缩,而非正交特征向量仍然允许瞬态奇异向量放大。我们构造了四个实现这一机制的低维确定性映射:分区再注入、相位规定、反馈驱动和仿射再注入的非正规通向混沌路径。在所有情况下,瞬时雅可比矩阵在吸引子上保持谱稳定,特征值固定在单位圆内,而增加的非正规性驱动最大李雅普诺夫指数穿过零。因此,正指数描述的是持续渐近混沌,而非瞬态混沌。在这四类中,共同特征是谱半径$\rho_{\mathrm{traj}}^{\max}<1$,奇异值$\sigma_{\mathrm{traj}}^{\max}>1$,最大李雅普诺夫指数$\lambda_1>0$,以及吸引子维度的增加。这些例子将非正规性和瞬态放大方向的循环再注入确定为一种不同于特征值不稳定性的确定性通向混沌路径。

英文摘要:

Deterministic chaos is usually associated with local spectral expansion: Jacobian eigenvalues are expected to exceed unity somewhere on the attractor. We show that this view is incomplete in dimensions d>1. For non-normal Jacobians, pointwise spectral stability can suggest everywhere local contraction, while non-orthogonal eigenvectors still allow transient singular-vector amplification. We construct four low-dimensional deterministic maps realizing this mechanism: partition-reinjected, phase-prescribed, feedback-driven, and affine-reinjected non-normal routes to chaos. In all cases, the instantaneous Jacobian remains spectrally stable on the attractor, with eigenvalues fixed inside the unit disk, while increasing non-normality drives the maximal Lyapunov exponent through zero. The positive exponent therefore describes sustained asymptotic chaos, not transient chaos. Across the four classes, the common signature is spectral radius $ρ_{\mathrm{traj}}^{\max}<1$, singular value $σ_{\mathrm{traj}}^{\max}>1$ maximum Lyapunov exponent $λ_1>0$, and an increase of attractor dimension. These examples identify non-normality and recurrent reinjection of transiently amplified directions as a deterministic route to chaos distinct from eigenvalue instability.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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