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arXiv 0910.3570nlin.CD
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瀑布通向混乱

The cascades route to chaos

Evelyn Sander, James A. Yorke

摘要:

在依赖于参数的动力系统中,倍周期级联的存在是通向混沌的基本途径之一。很少有人提到,只要有一个级联,实际上总是有无限多个级联。我们报告说,对于一维和二维相空间,在从没有混乱到混乱的过渡-作为一个参数是不同的-必须有无限多的级联下一些温和的假设。我们对混乱的理解包括不是吸引子的混乱集的情况。数值研究表明,这一结果适用于强迫阻尼摆和强迫Duffing方程,查看每个周期的强迫一次的解决方案。我们进一步表明,在许多情况下,级联出现在成对连接(在联合参数状态空间)由一个不稳定的周期轨道。成对的叶栅可以被扰动破坏或产生,而不成对的叶栅即使在显著的扰动下也是守恒的。

英文摘要:

The presence of a period-doubling cascade in dynamical systems that depend on a parameter is one of the basic routes to chaos. It is rarely mentioned that there are virtually always infinitely many cascades whenever there is one. We report that for one- and two-dimensional phase space, in the transition from no chaos to chaos -- as a parameter is varied -- there must be infinitely many cascades under some mild hypotheses. Our meaning of chaos includes the case of chaotic sets which are not attractors. Numerical studies indicate that this result applies to the forced-damped pendulum and the forced Duffing equations, viewing the solutions once each period of the forcing. We further show that in many cases cascades appear in pairs connected (in joint parameter-state space) by an unstable periodic orbit. Paired cascades can be destroyed or created by perturbations, whereas unpaired cascades are conserved under even significant perturbations.

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