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arXiv 2412.04889math.ATcs.CG
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广义持久图的超多项式增长

Super-Polynomial Growth of the Generalized Persistence Diagram

Donghan Kim, Woojin Kim, Wonjun Lee

AI总结:

针对多参数持久化中广义持久图(GPD)计算的挑战,本文证明其基数呈超多项式增长,构造出无法被单形数量多项式界定的d参数滤过序列,揭示计算GPD的固有困难。

摘要:

多参数持久化的广义持久图(GPD)自然扩展了单参数持久化的经典持久图概念。然而,与经典对应物不同,计算GPD仍然是一个重大挑战。主要障碍在于,虽然GPD被定义为广义秩不变量(GRI)的莫比乌斯反演,但由于其定义域(即d≥2时ℝ^d中有限网格内所有连通凸子集的集合)规模庞大,计算GRI难以处理。这种计算难处理性表明需要寻求计算GPD的替代方法。为研究计算GPD的复杂度,考虑其经典单参数对应物很有用:对于含n个单形的单纯复形滤过,其持久图最多含n个点。这一观察引出问题:“给定d参数单纯复形滤过,其GPD的基数(即GPD的支撑集)是否也能被滤过中单形数量的多项式界定?”d=1时情况如此,可直接在单纯复形滤过层面计算持久图。若d≥2时也如此,可能无需依赖GRI即可直接且更高效地计算GPD。我们证明上述问题的答案是否定的,表明计算GPD存在固有困难。更具体地,我们构造了一系列d参数单纯复形滤过,其GPD的基数无法被滤过中单形数量的任何多项式界定。此外,我们表明几种常用的多参数滤过构造方法会产生此类“狂野”滤过。

英文摘要:

The Generalized Persistence Diagram (GPD) for multi-parameter persistence naturally extends the classical notion of persistence diagram for one-parameter persistence. However, unlike its classical counterpart, computing the GPD remains a significant challenge. The main hurdle is that, while the GPD is defined as the Möbius inversion of the Generalized Rank Invariant (GRI), computing the GRI is intractable due to the formidable size of its domain, i.e., the set of all connected and convex subsets in a finite grid in $\mathbb{R}^d$ with $d \geq 2$. This computational intractability suggests seeking alternative approaches to computing the GPD. In order to study the complexity associated to computing the GPD, it is useful to consider its classical one-parameter counterpart, where for a filtration of a simplicial complex with $n$ simplices, its persistence diagram contains at most $n$ points. This observation leads to the question: 'Given a $d$-parameter simplicial filtration, could the cardinality of its GPD (specifically, the support of the GPD) also be bounded by a polynomial in the number of simplices in the filtration?' This is the case for $d=1$, where we compute the persistence diagram directly at the simplicial filtration level. If this were also the case for $d\geq2$, it might be possible to compute the GPD directly and much more efficiently without relying on the GRI. We show that the answer to the question above is negative, demonstrating the inherent difficulty of computing the GPD. More specifically, we construct a sequence of $d$-parameter simplicial filtrations where the cardinalities of their GPDs are not bounded by any polynomial in the the number of simplices. Furthermore, we show that several commonly used methods for constructing multi-parameter filtrations can give rise to such "wild" filtrations.

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