In a previous paper we proved that if an $L$-function $F$ from the Selberg class has degree $2$, its conductor $q_F$ is a prime number and $F$ is weakly twist-regular at all primes $p\neq q_F$, then $F$ has a polynomial Euler product. In this paper we extend this result to $L$-functions of degree 2 with square-free conductor $q_F$, which are weakly twist-regular at all primes $p\nmid q_F$
In the present paper, we introduce Eulerian polynomials attached to by using p-adic q-integral on Zp . Also, we give new interesting identities via the generating functions of Dirichlet's type of Eulerian polynomials. After, by applying Mellin transformation to this generating function of Dirichlet' type of Eulerian polynomials, we derive L-function for Eulerian polynomials which interpolates of Dirichlet's type of Eulerian polynomials at negative integers.
In the present paper, we effect Dirichlet's type of twisted Eulerian polynomials by using p-adic fermionic q-integral on the p-adic integer ring. Also, we introduce some new interesting identities for them. As a result of them, by using contour integral on the generating function of Dirichlet's type of twisted Eulerian polynomials and so we define twisted Eulerian-L-function which interpolates of Dirichlet's type of Eulerian polynomials at negative integers which we state in this paper.
We prove that suitable properties of the twists by Dirichlet characters of an L-function of degree 2 imply that its Euler product is of polynomial type.
In this paper, we rewrite two forms of an Euler-Ramanujan identity in terms of certain Dirichlet series and derive functional equation of the latter. We also use the Weierstrass-Enneper representation of minimal surfaces to obtain some identities involving these Dirichlet series and one complex parameter.
We develop a hybrid Euler-Hadamard product model for quadratic Dirichlet $L$--functions over function fields (following the model introduced by Gonek, Hughes and Keating for the Riemann-zeta function). After computing the first three twisted moments in this family of $L$--functions, we provide further evidence for the conjectural asymptotic formulas for the moments of the family.
In this paper we extend the hybrid Euler-Hadamard product model for quadratic Dirichlet $L$-functions associated to irreducible polynomials over function fields. We also establish an asymptotic formula for the first twisted moment in this family of L-functions and then we provide further evidence for the conjectural asymptotic formulas for its moments.
In this paper, we calculate the absolute tensor square of the Dirichlet $L$-functions and show that it is expressed as an Euler product over pairs of primes. The method is to construct an equation to link primes to a series which has the factors of the absolute tensor product of the Dirichlet $ L $-functions. This study is a generalization of Akatsuka's theorem on the Riemann zeta function, and gives a proof of Kurokawa's prediction proposed in 1992.
We give a new proof that the Riemann zeta function is nonzero in the half-plane $\{s\in{\mathbb C}:σ>1\}$. A novel feature of this proof is that it makes no use of the Euler product for $ζ(s)$.
The purpose of this paper is to construct the p-adic twisted (h,q)-Euler-l-function, which interpolates the twisted generalized twisted Euler numbers attached to chi at a negative integer.
The q-calculus theory is a novel theory that is based on finite difference re-scaling. The rapid development of q-calculus has led to the discovery of new generalizations of q-Euler polynomials involving q-integers. The present paper deals with the modified Dirichlet's type of twisted q-Euler polynomials with weight alpha. We apply the method of generating function and p-adic q-integral representation on Zp, which are exploited to derive further classes of q-Euler numbers and polynomials. To be more precise we summarize our results as follows, we obtain some combinatorial relations between mod…
Given $c,$ a positive integer, we give an explicit formula and an asymptotic formula for \[ \sumχ(c)|L(1,\,χ)|^{2}, \] where $χ$ is the non-trivial Dirichlet character mod $f$ with $f>c.$
One purpose of this paper is to construct twisted q-Euler numbers by using p-adic invariant integral on Zp in the sense of fermionic. Finally, we consider twisted Euler q-zeta function and q-l-series which interpolate twisted q-Euler numbers and polynomials.
We calculate mean values of $\operatorname{GL}_n$-automorphic $L$-functions twisted by primitive even Dirichlet characters of prime-power conductor, at arbitrary points within the critical strip, by derivation of special Voronoi summation formulae. Our calculation is novel in that the twisted sum can be expressed in terms of the average itself, and also that it sees the derivation of various new summation formulae in the setting of prime-power modulus. One consequence, as we explain, is to show the analytic continuation and additive summation formulae for hyper-Kloosterman Dirichlet series ass…
Katz showed that the L-functions of all Dirichlet characters of F_q(t), with conductor a fixed power of a degree one prime, are equidistributed in the limit as q goes to infinity. We generalize this statement to the L-functions of twists of an arbitrary Galois representation by Dirichlet characters, including independence of the L-functions of twists of different representations by the same Dirichlet character. A similar generalization, without the independence statement, for characters with squarefree conductor, was proven by Hall, Keating, and Roditty-Gershon.
In this paper, we study the alternating Euler $T$-sums and $§$-sums, which are infinite series involving (alternating) odd harmonic numbers, and have similar forms and close relations to the Dirichlet beta functions. By using the method of residue computations, we establish the explicit formulas for the (alternating) linear and quadratic Euler $T$-sums and $§$-sums, from which, the parity theorems of Hoffman's double and triple $t$-values and Kaneko-Tsumura's double and triple $T$-values are further obtained. As supplements, we also show that the linear $T$-sums and $§$-sums are expressible in…
For Dirichlet $L$-functions in $\mathbb{F}_q [T]$ we obtain a hybrid Euler-Hadamard product formula. We make a splitting conjecture, namely that the $2k$-th moment of the Dirichlet $L$-functions at $\frac{1}{2}$, averaged over primitive characters of modulus $R$, is asymptotic to (as $\mathrm{deg} R \longrightarrow \infty$) the $2k$-th moment of the Euler product multiplied by the $2k$-th moment of the Hadamard product. We explicitly obtain the main term of the $2k$-th moment of the Euler product, and we conjecture via random matrix theory the main term of the $2k$-th moment of the Hadamard pr…
We study the second moment of Dirichlet $L$-functions to a large prime modulus $q$ twisted by the square of an arbitrary Dirichlet polynomial. We break the $\frac{1}{2}$-barrier in this problem, and obtain an asymptotic formula provided that the length of the Dirichlet polynomial is less than $q^{51/101} = q^{1/2 +1/202}$. As an application, we obtain an upper bound of the correct order of magnitude for the third moment of Dirichlet $L$-functions. We give further results when the coefficients of the Dirichlet polynomial are more specialized.
We derive eight identities of symmetry in three variables related to generalized twisted Euler polynomials and alternating generalized twisted power sums, both of which are twisted by ramified roots of unity. All of these are new, since there have been results only about identities of symmetry in two variables. The derivations of identities are based on the $p$-adic integral expression of the generating function for the generalized twisted Euler polynomials and the quotient of $p$-adic integrals that can be expressed as the exponential generating function for the alternating generalized twiste…
In this paper, we give an asymptotic formula for the second moment of Dirichlet twists of an automorphic $L$-function $L(s, π)$ on the critical line averaged over characters and conductors, where $π$ denotes an irreducible tempered cuspidal automorphic representation of $\textrm{GL}_{4}$ with unitary central character. We give some hybrid bound for the error term with respect to the size of conductors of Dirichlet characters and that of the automorphic representation.
In this paper, we will constructed p-adic twisted q-l-functions which is a part of answer of the question in [8]. Finally, we will treat many interesting properties related to twisted q-Euler numbers and polynomials.
Fix a Hecke cusp form $f$, and consider the $L$-function of $f$ twisted by a primitive Dirichlet character. As we range over all primitive characters of a large modulus $q$, what is the average behavior of the square of the central value of this $L$-function? Stefanicki proved an asymptotic valid only for $q$ having very few prime factors, and we extend this to almost all $q$.
In this work, we obtain an asymptotic formula for the twisted mean square of a Dirichlet $L$-function with a longer mollifier, whose coefficients are also more general than before. As an application we obtain that, for every Dirichlet $L$-function, more than 41.72\% of zeros are on the critical line and more than 40.74\% of zeros are simple and on the critical line. These proportions also improve previous results which were proved only for the Riemann zeta-function.
In this paper we give some interesting relationships between twisted (h,q)-Euler numbers and q-Berstein polynomnials by using fermionic p-adic q-integrals on Zp
We prove that given a Hecke-Maass form $f$ for $\text{SL}(2, \mathbb{Z})$ and a sufficiently large prime $q$, there exists a primitive Dirichlet character $χ$ of conductor $q$ such that the $L$-values $L(\tfrac{1}{2}, f \otimes χ)$ and $L(\tfrac{1}{2}, χ)$ do not vanish. We expect the same method to work for any large integer $q$.
We produce a new proof of the reciprocity law for the twisted second moment of Dirichlet L-functions that was recently proved by Conrey. Our method is to analyze certain two-variable sums where the variables satisfy a linear congruence. We show that these sums satisfy an elegant reciprocity formula. In the case that the modulus is prime, these sums are closely related to the twisted second moment, and the reciprocity formula for these sums implies Conrey's reciprocity formula. We also extend the range of uniformity of Conrey's formula.
In the present paper, we investigate special generalized q-Euler numbers and polynomials. Some earlier results of T. Kim in terms of q-Euler polynomials with weight alpha can be deduced. For presentation of our formulas we apply the method of generating function and p-adic q-integral representation on Zp. We summarize our results as follows. In section 2, by using combinatorial techniques we present two formulas for q-Euler numbers with weight alpha. In section 3, we derive distribution formula (Multiplication Theorem) for Dirichlet type of q-Euler numbers and polynomials with weight . Moreove…
We study the family of Dirichlet $L$-functions of all even primitive characters of conductor at most $Q$, where $Q$ is a parameter tending to $\infty$. For an arbitrary positive integer $k$, we approximate the twisted $2k$th moment of this family by using Dirichlet polynomial approximations of $L^k(s,χ)$ of length $X$, with $Q<X<Q^2$. Assuming the Generalized Lindelöf Hypothesis, we prove an asymptotic formula for these approximations of the twisted moments. Our result agrees with the prediction of Conrey, Farmer, Keating, Rubinstein, and Snaith for this family of $L$-functions, and provides t…
We investigate the reciprocity law, studied by Conrey~\cite{Con07} and Young~\cite{You11a}, for the second moment of Dirichlet L-functions twisted by $χ(a)$ modulo a prime $q$. We show that the error term in this reciprocity law can be extended to a continuous function of $a/q$ with respect to the real topology. Furthermore, we extend this reciprocity result, proving an exact formula involving also shifted moments. We also give an expression for the twisted second moment involving the coefficients of the continued fraction expansion of $a/q$, and, consequently, we improve upon a classical resu…
Weyl group multiple Dirichlet series are Dirichlet series in $r$ complex variables, with analytic continuation to $\mathbb{C}^r$ and a group of functional equations isomorphic to the Weyl group of a reduced root system of rank $r$. Such series may be defined for any global field $K$, but in the case when $K$ is an algebraic function field they are expected to be, up to a variable change, rational functions in several variables. We verify the rationality of these functions in the case when $K=\mathbb{F}_q(T)$, and describe the denominators and support of the numerators.
We study Euler systems for $\mathbb{G}_m$ over a number field $k$. Motivated by a distribution-theoretic idea of Coleman, we formulate a conjecture regarding the existence of such systems that is elementary to state and yet strictly finer than Kato's equivariant Tamagawa number conjecture for Dirichlet $L$-series at $s=0$. To investigate the conjecture, we develop an abstract theory of `Euler limits' and, in particular, prove the existence of canonical `restriction' and `localisation' sequences in this theory. By using this approach we obtain a variety of new results, ranging from a proof, mod…
A new definition for the Dirichlet beta function for positive integer arguments is discovered and presented for the first time. This redefinition of the Dirichlet beta function, based on the polygamma function for some special values, provides a general method for obtaining all special constants associated with Dirichlet beta function. We also show various new and fundamental relations between the polygamma function, Riemann zeta, the even-indexed euler numbers, the Dirichlet beta functions in a way never seen or imagined before.
The present paper deals with unification of the multiple twisted Euler and Genocchi numbers and polynomials associated with p-adic q-integral on Zp at q = 1. Some earlier results of Ozden's papers in terms of unification of the multiple twisted Euler and Genocchi numbers and polynomials associated with p-adic q-integral on Zp at q = 1 can be deduced. We apply the method of generating function and p-adic q-integral representation on Zp, which are exploited to derive further classes of Euler polynomials and Genocchi polynomials. To be more precise we summarize our results as follows, we obtain s…
In this note, we prove that given a Hecke-Maass cusp form $f$ for $SL_2(\mathbb{Z})$ and a sufficiently large integer $q=q_1q_2$ with $q_j\asymp \sqrt{q}$ being prime numbers for $j=1,2$, there exists a primitive Dirichlet character $χ$ of conductor $q$ such that $L\left(\frac{1}{2},f\otimes χ\right)L\left(\frac{1}{2},χ\right)\neq 0$. To prove this, we establish asymptotic formulas of $L\left(\frac{1}{2},f\otimes χ\right)L\left(\frac{1}{2},χ\right)$ over the family of even primitive Dirichlet characters $χ$ of conductor $q$ for more general $q$.
It is well known that given a finitely generated torsion module $M$ over the Iwasawa algebra $\mathbb Z_p[[Γ]]$, where $Γ\cong \mathbb Z_p$, there exists a continuous $p$-adic character $ρ$ of $Γ$ such that, for the twist $M(ρ)$ of $M$, the $Γ_n := Γ^{p^n}$ Euler characteristic, i.e. $χ(Γ_n, M(ρ))$, is finite for every $n$. We prove a generalization of this result by considering modules over the Iwasawa algebra of a general $p$-adic Lie group $G$, instead of $Γ$. We relate this twisted Euler characteristic to the evaluation of the {\it Akashi series} at the twist and in turn use it to indicate…
In the present work we show that the Dirichlet series with the Euler product having analytical continuation to the critical strip without singularities, in some natural conditions, can be approximated by partial products of Euler type in the critical strip, if the primes over which are taken the products are distributed by a suitable way. The family of such series includes many of widely used Dirichlet series as the zeta-function, Dirichlet L-functions and etc. As a consequence the analog of the Riemann Hypothesis for such series is proven.
In this work we discuss Dirichlet products evaluated at Fibonacci numbers. As first applications of the results we get a representation of Fibonacci numbers in terms of Euler's totient function, an upper bound on the number of primitive prime divisors and representations of some related Euler products. Moreover, we sum functions over all primitive divisors of a Fibonacci number and obtain a non--trivial fixed point of this operation.
We prove a general result relating the shape of the Euler product of an $L$-function to the analytic properties of certain linear twists of the $L$-function itself. Then, by a sharp form of the transformation formula for linear twists, we check the required analytic properties in the case of $L$-functions of degree 2 and conductor 1 in the Selberg class. Finally we prove a converse theorem, showing that $ζ(s)^2$ is the only member of the Selberg class satisfying the above conditions and, moreover, having a pole at $s=1$.
Associated to a newform $f(z)$ is a Dirichlet series $L_f(s)$ with functional equation and Euler product. Hecke showed that if the Dirichlet series $F(s)$ has a functional equation of a particular form, then $F(s)=L_f(s)$ for some holomorphic newform $f(z)$ on $Γ(1)$. Weil extended this result to $Γ_0(N)$ under an assumption on the twists of $F(s)$ by Dirichlet characters. Conrey and Farmer extended Hecke's result for certain small $N$, assuming that the local factors in the Euler product of $F(s)$ were of a special form. We make the same assumption on the Euler product and describe an approac…
In this article, we derive an expression for the complex magnitude of the Dirichlet beta function $β(s)$ represented as a Euler prime product and compare with similar results for the Riemann zeta function. We also obtain formulas for $β(s)$ valid for an even and odd $k$th positive integer argument and present a set of generated formulas for $β(k)$ up to $11$th order, including Catalan's constant and compute these formulas numerically. Additionally, we derive a second expression for the complex magnitude of $β(s)$ valid in the critical strip from which we obtain a formula for the Euler-Maschero…
Let L(E/Q,s) be the L-function of an elliptic curve E defined over the rational field Q. We examine the vanishing and non-vanishing of the central values L(E,1,χ) of the twisted L-function as χranges over Dirichlet characters of given order.
In this paper we consider Dirichlet series absolutely converging for $σ>1$ with an Euler product, natural bounds on the coefficients and satisfying orthogonality relations of Selberg type. Let $N\geq 1$, $F_1(s),...,F_N(s)$ be as above and $P(X_1,...,X_N)$ be a non-monomial polynomial with coefficients in the ring of $p$-finite Dirichlet series absolutely converging for $σ\geq 1$; then $P(F_1(s),\ldots,F_N(s))$ has infinitely many zeros for $σ>1$. Our result in particular applies to Artin $L$-functions, automorphic $L$-functions under the Ramanujan conjecture, and the elements of the Selberg c…
For Hurwitz Zeta function,we consider its Taylor series expansion about various points as an analytic function of second variable in appropriate discs.We show that these Taylor are all polynomials in second variable for a non positive integral argument in first variable.On using functionalequations this results in instant evaluation of Riemann Zeta function at positive even integral values of its argument and of Dirichlet L series at positive integral values of its argument,when the argument and the corresponding Dirichlet character are both even or both odd.We also obtain finite sum expressio…
We classify singularities of Dirichlet series having Euler products which are rational functions for p and p^{-s} for p a prime number and give examples of natural boundaries from zeta functions of groups and height zeta functions.
The second moment of twisted modular $L$-functions and Dirichlet $L$-functions at the central point
School of Mathematics, Shandong University（山东大学数学学院）；Data Science Institute, Shandong University（山东大学数据科学研究院）；State Key Laboratory of Cryptography and Digital Economy Security, Shandong University（山东大学密码学与数字经济安全国家重点实验室）
For any natural number $n$, let $X'_n$ be the set of primitive Dirichlet characters modulo $n$. We show that if the Riemann hypothesis is true, then the inequality $|X'_{2n_k}|\le C_2 e^{-γ} ϕ(2n_k)/\log\log(2n_k)$ holds for all $k\ge 1$, where $n_k$ is the product of the first $k$ primes, $γ$ is the Euler-Mascheroni constant, $C_2$ is the twin prime constant, and $ϕ(n)$ is the Euler function. On the other hand, if the Riemann hypothesis is false, then there are infinitely many $k$ for which the same inequality holds and infinitely many $k$ for which it fails to hold.
We use the asymptotic large sieve, developed by the authors, to prove that if the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis is true, then there exist many Dirichlet L-functions that have a pair of consecutive zeros closer together than 0.37 times their average spacing. More generally, we investigate zero spacings within the family of twists by Dirichlet characters of a fixed L-function and give precise bounds for small gaps which depend only on the degree of the L-function.
Let $f$ be a Hecke-Maass cusp form for the full modular group and let $χ$ be a primitive Dirichlet character modulo a prime $q$. Let $s_0=σ_0+it_0$ with $\frac{1}{2}\leqσ_0<1$. We improve the error term for the first moment of $L(s_0,f\otimesχ)\overline{L(s_0,χ)}$ over the family of even primitive Dirichlet characters. As an application, we show that for any $t\in\mathbb{R}$, there exists a primitive Dirichlet character $χ$ modulo $q$ for which $L(1/2+it,f\otimesχ)L(1/2+it,χ)\neq0$ if the prime $q$ satisfies $q\gg (1+|t|)^{\frac{543}{25}+\varepsilon}$.
