In this paper we consider Dirichlet series absolutely converging for $σ>1$ with an Euler product, natural bounds on the coefficients and satisfying orthogonality relations of Selberg type. Let $N\geq 1$, $F_1(s),...,F_N(s)$ be as above and $P(X_1,...,X_N)$ be a non-monomial polynomial with coefficients in the ring of $p$-finite Dirichlet series absolutely converging for $σ\geq 1$; then $P(F_1(s),\ldots,F_N(s))$ has infinitely many zeros for $σ>1$. Our result in particular applies to Artin $L$-functions, automorphic $L$-functions under the Ramanujan conjecture, and the elements of the Selberg class with polynomial Euler product under the Selberg orthonormality conjecture. This extends the work of Booker and Thorne, who proved the same result for automorphic $L$-functions under the Ramanujan conjecture. Our proof avoids to use the properties of twists by Dirichlet characters, a key point in Booker and Thorne's proof, replacing them by results on the Dirichlet density of non-zero coefficients of $L$-functions of the above type.
It has been conjectured that the real parts of the zeros of a linear combination of two or more $L$-functions are dense in the interval $[1,σ^*]$, where $σ^*$ is the least upper bound of the real parts of such zeros. In this paper we show that this is not true in general. Moreover, we describe the optimal configuration of the zeros of linear combinations of orthogonal Euler products by showing that the real parts of such zeros are dense in subintervals of $[1,σ^*]$ whenever $σ^*>1$.
Direct links between generalized harmonic numbers, linear Euler sums and Tornheim double series are established in a more perspicuous manner than is found in existing literature. We show that every linear Euler sum can be decomposed into a linear combination of Tornheim double series of the same weight. New closed form evaluations of various Euler sums are presented. Finally certain combinations of linear Euler sums that are reducible to Riemann zeta values are discovered.
In this paper, we study the formulae for a product of two product Euler polynomials. From this study, we derive some formulae for the integral of the product of two or more Ruler polynomials.
We prove that suitable properties of the twists by Dirichlet characters of an L-function of degree 2 imply that its Euler product is of polynomial type.
We classify singularities of Dirichlet series having Euler products which are rational functions for p and p^{-s} for p a prime number and give examples of natural boundaries from zeta functions of groups and height zeta functions.
In this paper we investigate some interesting of the (h,q)-extension of Euler numbers and polynomials. Finally, we will give some relations between these numbers anf polynomials
In this paper, we study the value-distributions of $L$-functions of holomorphic primitive cusp forms in the level aspect. We associate such automorphic $L$-functions with probabilistic models called the random Euler products. First, we prove the existence of probability density functions attached to the random Euler products. Then various mean values of automorphic $L$-functions are expressed as integrals involving the density functions. Moreover, we estimate the discrepancies between the distributions of values of automorphic $L$-functions and those of the random Euler products.
In this paper, we derive a formula on the integral of products of the higher-order Euler polynomials. By the same way, similar relations are obtained for $l$ higher-order Bernoulli polynomials and $r$ higher-order Euler polynomials. Moreover, we establish the connection between the results and the generalized Dedekind sums and Hardy--Berndt sums. Finally, the Laplace transform of Euler polynomials is given.
In this paper, we investigate some interesting properties of q-Berstein polynomials realted to q-Euler numbers by using the fermionic q-integral on Zp.
This note provides truncated formulae with explicit error terms to compute Euler products over primes in arithmetic progressions of rational fractions. It further provides such a formula for the product of terms of the shape $F(1/p, 1/p^s)$ when $F$ is a two-variable polynomial with coefficients in $\mathbb{C}$ and satisfying some restrictive conditions.
In this paper, we calculate the absolute tensor square of the Dirichlet $L$-functions and show that it is expressed as an Euler product over pairs of primes. The method is to construct an equation to link primes to a series which has the factors of the absolute tensor product of the Dirichlet $ L $-functions. This study is a generalization of Akatsuka's theorem on the Riemann zeta function, and gives a proof of Kurokawa's prediction proposed in 1992.
We prove that the Shintani zeta function associated to the space of binary cubic forms cannot be written as a finite sum of Euler products. Our proof also extends to several closely related Dirichlet series. This answers a question of Wright in the negative.
We give a new proof that the Riemann zeta function is nonzero in the half-plane $\{s\in{\mathbb C}:σ>1\}$. A novel feature of this proof is that it makes no use of the Euler product for $ζ(s)$.
We develop a hybrid Euler-Hadamard product model for quadratic Dirichlet $L$--functions over function fields (following the model introduced by Gonek, Hughes and Keating for the Riemann-zeta function). After computing the first three twisted moments in this family of $L$--functions, we provide further evidence for the conjectural asymptotic formulas for the moments of the family.
In this paper we extend the hybrid Euler-Hadamard product model for quadratic Dirichlet $L$-functions associated to irreducible polynomials over function fields. We also establish an asymptotic formula for the first twisted moment in this family of L-functions and then we provide further evidence for the conjectural asymptotic formulas for its moments.
Consider the product of (1-p^(-s))^(-4) over all primes p=1 mod 5. We evaluate its residue at s=1 and compare with the corresponding Mertens constant of Languasco & Zaccagnini. We also count primitive quintic Dirichlet characters mod n and determine their average number as n->infty.
For Dirichlet $L$-functions in $\mathbb{F}_q [T]$ we obtain a hybrid Euler-Hadamard product formula. We make a splitting conjecture, namely that the $2k$-th moment of the Dirichlet $L$-functions at $\frac{1}{2}$, averaged over primitive characters of modulus $R$, is asymptotic to (as $\mathrm{deg} R \longrightarrow \infty$) the $2k$-th moment of the Euler product multiplied by the $2k$-th moment of the Hadamard product. We explicitly obtain the main term of the $2k$-th moment of the Euler product, and we conjecture via random matrix theory the main term of the $2k$-th moment of the Hadamard pr…
This article extends classical one variable results about Euler products defined by integral valued polynomial or analytic functions to several variables. We show there exists a meromorphic continuation up to a presumed natural boundary, and also give a criterion, a la Estermann-Dahlquist, for the existence of a meromorphic extension to $\C^n.$ Among applications we deduce analytic properties of height zeta functions for toric varieties over $\Q$ and group zeta functions.
The aim of the present paper is to study the relations between the prime distribution and the zero distribution for generalized zeta functions which are expressed by Euler products and is analytically continued as meromorphic functions of finite order. In this paper, we give an inequality between the order of the zeta function as a meromorphic function and the growth of the multiplicity in the prime distribution.
Associated to a newform $f(z)$ is a Dirichlet series $L_f(s)$ with functional equation and Euler product. Hecke showed that if the Dirichlet series $F(s)$ has a functional equation of a particular form, then $F(s)=L_f(s)$ for some holomorphic newform $f(z)$ on $Γ(1)$. Weil extended this result to $Γ_0(N)$ under an assumption on the twists of $F(s)$ by Dirichlet characters. Conrey and Farmer extended Hecke's result for certain small $N$, assuming that the local factors in the Euler product of $F(s)$ were of a special form. We make the same assumption on the Euler product and describe an approac…
As automorphic $L$-functions or Artin $L$-functions, several classes of $L$-functions have Euler products and functional equations. In this paper we study the zeros of $L$-functions which have the Euler products and functional equations. We show that there exists some relation between the zeros of the Riemann zeta-function and the zeros of such $L$-functions. As a special case of our results, we find the relations between the zeros of the Riemann zeta-function and the zeros of automorphic $L$-functions attached to elliptic modular forms or the zeros of Rankin-Selberg $L$-functions attached to …
In a previous paper we proved that if an $L$-function $F$ from the Selberg class has degree $2$, its conductor $q_F$ is a prime number and $F$ is weakly twist-regular at all primes $p\neq q_F$, then $F$ has a polynomial Euler product. In this paper we extend this result to $L$-functions of degree 2 with square-free conductor $q_F$, which are weakly twist-regular at all primes $p\nmid q_F$
In this paper, we show that Riemann hypothesis (concerning zeros of the zeta function in the critical strip) is equivalent to the analytic continuation of Euler products obtained by restricting the Euler zeta product to suitable subsets $M_k$, $k\geq 1$ of the set of prime numbers. Each of these Euler product defines so a partial zeta function $ζ_{k}(s)$ equal to a Dirichlet series of the form $\sum ε(n)/n^s$, with coefficients $ε(n)$ equal to 0 or 1 as n belongs or not to the population of integers generated by $M_k$. We show that usual formulas of the arithmetic adapt themselves to such popu…
The absolute zeta function for a scheme $X$ of finite type over $\mathbb{Z}$ satisfying a certain condition is defined as the limit as $p\to 1$ of the congruent zeta function for $X\otimes\mathbb{F}_p$. In 2016, after calculating absolute zeta functions for a few specific schemes, Kurokawa suggested that an absolute zeta function for a general scheme of finite type over $\mathbb{Z}$ should have an infinite product structure which he called the absolute Euler product. In this article, formulating his suggestion using a torsion free Noetherian $\mathbb{F}_1$-scheme defined by Connes and Consani,…
We study the analytic behaviour of adelic versions of Igusa integrals given by integer polynomials defining elliptic curves. By applying results on the meromorphic continuation of symmetric power L-functions and the Sato-Tate conjectures we prove that these global Igusa zeta functions have some meromorphic continuation until a natural boundary beyond which no continuation is possible.
We present several results related to statistics for elliptic curves over a finite field $\mathbb{F}_p$ as corollaries of a general theorem about averages of Euler products that we demonstrate. In this general framework, we can reprove known results such as the average Lang-Trotter conjecture, the average Koblitz conjecture, and the vertical Sato-Tate conjecture, even for very short intervals, not accessible by previous methods. We also compute statistics for new questions, such as the problem of amicable pairs and aliquot cycles, first introduced by Silverman and Stange. Our technique is rath…
In 1997 the author found a criterion for the Riemann hypothesis for the Riemann zeta function, involving the nonnegativity of certain coefficients associated with the Riemann zeta function. In 1999 Bombieri and Lagarias obtained an arithmetic formula for these coefficients using the ``explicit formula'' of prime number theory. In this paper, the author obtains an arithmetic formula for corresponding coefficients associated with the Euler product of Hecke polynomials, which is essentially a product of L-functions attached to weight 2 cusp forms (both newforms and oldforms) over Hecke congruence…
All the $F:$N$\rightarrow $C having Ramanujan expansion $F(a)=\sum_{q=1}^{\infty}G(q)c_q(a)$ (here $c_q(a)$ is the Ramanujan sum) pointwise converging in $a\in $N, with $G:$N$\rightarrow $C a multiplicative function, may be factored into two Ramanujan expansions, one of which is a finite Euler product : details in our Main Theorem. This is a general result, with unexpected and useful consequences, esp., for the Ramanujan expansion of null-function, say 0. The Main Theorem doesn't require other analytic assumptions, as pointwise convergence suffices; this depends on a general property of Euler …
We prove a general result relating the shape of the Euler product of an $L$-function to the analytic properties of certain linear twists of the $L$-function itself. Then, by a sharp form of the transformation formula for linear twists, we check the required analytic properties in the case of $L$-functions of degree 2 and conductor 1 in the Selberg class. Finally we prove a converse theorem, showing that $ζ(s)^2$ is the only member of the Selberg class satisfying the above conditions and, moreover, having a pole at $s=1$.
We use a smoothed version of the explicit formula to find an approximation to the Riemann zeta function as a product over its nontrivial zeros multiplied by a product over the primes. We model the first product by characteristic polynomials of random matrices. This provides a statistical model of the zeta function that involves the primes in a natural way. We then employ the model in a heuristic calculation of the moments of the modulus of the zeta function on the critical line. This calculation illuminates recent conjectures for these moments based on connections with random matrix theory.
We discuss in some detail the general problem of computing averages of convergent Euler products, and apply this to examples arising from singular series for the $k$-tuple conjecture and more general problems of polynomial representation of primes. We show that the singular series for the $k$-tuple conjecture have a limiting distribution when taken over $k$-tuples with (distinct) entries of growing size, and observe that its moments have a curious symmetry property. We also give conditional arguments that would imply that the number of twin primes (or more general polynomial prime patterns) in…
This work is an answer to a problem posed by N. Kurokawa and H. Ochiai concerning the natural boundary of meromorphy of a multivariate Euler product of Igusa type. More generally, we introduce and determine the maximal domain of meromorphy of a class of multivariate pseudo-uniform Euler products.
We study the L-functions associated to Siegel modular forms (equivalently, automorphic representations of ${\rm GSp}(4,\mathbb{A}_{\mathbb{Q}})$) both theoretically and numerically. For the L-functions of degrees 10, 14, and 16 we perform representation theoretic calculations to cast the Langlands L-function in classical terms. We develop a precise notion of what it means to test a conjectured functional equation for an L-function, and we apply this to the degree 10 adjoint L-function associated to a Siegel modular form.
In the present paper, we treat multidimensional polynomial Euler products with complex coefficients on ${\mathbb{R}}^d$. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for the multidimensional polynomial Euler products to generate infinitely divisible, quasi-infinitely divisible but non-infinitely divisible or not even characteristic functions by using Baker's theorem. Moreover, we give many examples of zeta distributions on ${\mathbb{R}}^d$ generated by the multidimensional polynomial Euler products with complex coefficients. Finally, we consider applications to analytic number theory.
Keating and Snaith modeled the Riemann zeta-function ζ(s) by characteristic polynomials of random NxN unitary matrices, and used this to conjecture the asymptotic main term for the 2k-th moment of ζ(1/2+it) when k>-1/2. However, an arithmetical factor, widely believed to be part of the leading term coefficient, had to be inserted in an ad hoc manner. Gonek, Hughes and Keating later developed a hybrid formula for ζ(s) that combines a truncation of its Euler product with a product over its zeros. Using it, they recovered the moment conjecture of Keating and Snaith in a way that naturally include…
We construct an Euler system in the cohomology of the tensor product of the Galois representations attached to two modular forms, using elements in the higher Chow groups of products of modular curves. We use this Euler system to prove a finiteness theorem for the strict Selmer group of the Galois representation when the associated p-adic Rankin--Selberg L-function is non-vanishing at s = 1.
Linear harmonic number sums had been studied by a variety of authors during the last centuries, but only few results are known about nonlinear Euler sums of quadratic or even higher degree. The first systematic study on nonlinear Euler sums consisting of products of hyperharmonic sums had been published by Flajolet and Salvy in 1997 followed by similar studies presented during the last years by different authors. Although these studies had been restricted to sums where the nominator consists of a product of even or odd hyperharmonic sums, where the denominator is of the type $1/k^n$. We have g…
Finite Euler product is known to be one of the classical zeta functions in number theory. In [1], [2] and [3], we have introduced some multivariable zeta functions and studied their definable probability distributions on R^d. They include functions which generate infinitely divisible, not infinitely divisible characteristic functions and not even to be characteristic functions. In this paper, we treat some multivariable finite Euler products and show how they behave in view of such properties.
In this paper, we determine the order of magnitude of the $2q$-th pseudomoment of powers of the Riemann zeta function $ζ(s)^α$ for $0<q\le 1/2$ and $0< α<1$, completing the results of Bondarenko, Heap and Seip, and of Gerspach. Our results also apply to more general Euler products satisfying certain conditions.
It is known to be difficult to find out whether a certain multivariable function to be a characteristic function when its corresponding measure is not tirivial to be or not to be a probability measure on R^d. Such results were not obtained for a long while. In this paper, multidimensional polynomial Euler product is defined as a generalization of the polynomial Euler product. By applying the Kronecker's approximation theorem, a necessary and sufficient condition for some polynomial Euler products to generate characteristic functions is given. Furthermore, by using the Baker's theorem, that of …
In [14] Ozden-Simsek-Cangul constructed generating functions of higher-order twisted $(h,q)$-extension of Euler polynomials and numbers, by using $p$-adic q-deformed fermionic integral on $\Bbb Z_p$. By applying their generating functions, they derived the complete sums of products of the twisted $(h,q)$-extension of Euler polynomials and numbers, see[13, 14]. In this paper we cosider the new $q$-extension of Euler numbers and polynomials to be different which is treated by Ozden-Simsek-Cangul. From our $q$-Euler numbers and polynomials we derive some interesting identities and we construct $q…
For every modulus $q\ge3$, we define a family of subsets $\mathcal{A}$ of the multiplicative group $(\mathbb{Z}/{q}\mathbb{Z})^\times$ for which the Euler product $\prod_{p\text{mod}q\in\mathcal{A}}(1-p^{-s})$ can be computed in double exponential time, where $s>1$ is some given real number. We provide a Sage script to do so, and extend our result to compute Euler products $\prod_{p\in\mathcal{A}}F(1/p)/G(1/p)$ where $F$ and $G$ are polynomials with real coefficients, when this product converges absolutely. This enables us to give precise values of several Euler products intervening in Number …
We derive hypergeometric formulas for Euler's constant, gamma. A "by-product" of Thomae's transformation is an infinite product for e^gamma involving the binomial coefficients. Alternate, non-hypergeometric proofs use a double integral for gamma, the beta integral, and an integral for the digamma function. (I thank P. Sebah, S. Zlobin, and W. Zudilin for valuable suggestions used in the paper.)
The integral representation of the Hadamard product of two functions is used to prove several Euler-type series transformation formulas. As applications we obtain three binomial identities involving harmonic numbers and an identity for the Laguerre polynomials. We also evaluate in a closed form certain power series with harmonic numbers
Given a multivariate polynomial $h(X_1,...,X_n)$ with integral coefficients verifying an hypothesis of analytic regularity (and satisfying $h(\textbf{0})=1$), we determine the maximal domain of meromorphy of the Euler product $\prod_{p \ \textrm{prime}}h(p^{-s_1},...,p^{-s_n})$ and the natural boundary is precisely described when it exists. In this way we extend a well known result for one variable polynomials due to Estermann from 1928. As an application, we calculate the natural boundary of the multivariate Euler products associated to a family of toric varieties.
