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arXiv 2302.07417nucl-th
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协变密度泛函理论中原子核的形状和多重形状共存

Shape and multiple shape coexistence of nuclei within covariant density functional theory

Y. L. Yang, P. W. Zhao, Z. P. Li

摘要:

在基于协变密度泛函PC-PK 1的五维集体哈密顿量中,通过计算从质子滴线到中子滴线的$10\leq Z\leq 104$的偶偶核的低能谱和四极形状不变量,研究了核的形状和多种形状共存.四极形状不变量的实施,以表征四极形变的低洼$0^+$状态和预测核质量区域的形状和多种形状共存。预测的低能谱和形状或多种形状共存的核与现有的实验结果总体上符合得很好。此外,本工作预测了丰富的核形状或多种形状共存的中子丰富的区域。系统地分析了强$E0$跃迁强度与形状共存的关系。结果表明,具有明显形状共存的原子核一般具有较强的$E0$跃迁强度,反之则不一定。本文的结果可以作为有用的指导方针的实验探索和理论研究的形状和多种形状共存,特别是在富中子区。

英文摘要:

Shape and multiple shape coexistence of nuclei are investigated throughout the nuclear chart by calculating the low-lying spectra and the quadrupole shape invariants for even-even nuclei with $10\leq Z\leq 104$ from the proton drip line to the neutron one within a five-dimensional collective Hamiltonian based on the covariant density functional PC-PK1. The quadrupole shape invariants are implemented to characterize the quadrupole deformations of low-lying $0^+$ states and predict nuclear mass regions of shape and multiple shape coexistence. The predicted low-lying spectra and the shape or multi-shape coexisting nuclei are overall in good agreement with the available experimental results. In addition, the present work predicts a wealth of nuclei with shape or multiple shape coexistence in the neutron-rich regions. The connection between the strong $E0$ transition strength and the occurrence of shape coexistence is analyzed systemically. It is found that nuclei with pronounced shape coexistence generally have strong $E0$ transition strengths, while the reverse may not be true. The present results can serve as useful guidelines for experimental searches and theoretical studies of shape and multiple shape coexistence, especially in neutron-rich regions.

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