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arXiv 2301.11204gr-qcastro-ph.CO
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与尺度无关的能量-动量平方引力宇宙学模型

Cosmological models in scale-independent energy-momentum squared gravity

Ozgur Akarsu, N. Merve Uzun

摘要:

标度无关EMSG是能量-动量平方引力(EMSG)的一种特殊模型,其中由EMSG理论产生的爱因斯坦场方程中的新项与作用量的爱因斯坦-希尔伯特部分的通常项具有相同的幂。然而,该模型违反了一般的局部能量动量守恒和物质流守恒,因此允许在膨胀的宇宙中物质的产生/湮灭过程。因此,能量密度的比例因子依赖性由无量纲模型参数$α$修改。我们重温一些怀旧,如静态宇宙和德西特/稳态宇宙。我们复制了原始的,而且,提出了一些新奇的,例如,一个空间平坦的静态宇宙,deSitter膨胀的负真空能量,稳态宇宙中存在的任意流体与常数状态方程(EoS)参数以外的尘埃等,我们还调查了可能的动力学尘埃为主和辐射为主的宇宙。根据$α$的大小,尘埃/辐射主导的宇宙表现出幂律加速/减速膨胀,对应于稳态模型或可能以大撕裂结束。在各向异性宇宙学的框架下,我们再现了Barrow在刚性流体存在下的静态宇宙,并将其推广到具有任意常数EoS参数的流体。我们还放松了各向同性初始奇异性(大爆炸)的条件,由于EMSG有效地允许超刚性EoS参数。

英文摘要:

Scale-independent EMSG is a particular model of energy-momentum squared gravity (EMSG) in which the new terms in the Einstein field equations arising from the EMSG theory enter with the same power as the usual terms from Einstein-Hilbert part of the action. However, the model violates the local energy-momentum conservation and matter-current conservation in general and hence, permits a process of matter creation/annihilation in an expanding universe. Consequently, the scale factor dependencies of the energy densities are modified by the dimensionless model parameter $α$. We revisit some nostalgias such as static universes and de Sitter/steady state universes. We reproduce the original ones, moreover, present some novelties, e.g., a spatially flat static universe, de Sitter expansion by negative vacuum energy, steady state universes in the presence of arbitrary fluids with constant equation of state (EoS) parameter other than dust, etc. We also investigate the possible dynamics of dust dominated and radiation dominated universes. Depending on the value of $α$, dust/radiation dominated universe exhibits power-law accelerated/decelerated expansion, corresponds to a steady state model or may end in a big rip. In the framework of anisotropic cosmology, we reproduce Barrow's quiescent universe in the presence of stiff fluid and extend it to fluids with arbitrary constant EoS parameter. We also relax the condition for isotropic initial singularity (big bang) owing to that EMSG effectively allows ultra-stiff EoS parameters.

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