We introduce extensions of $Δ$-points and Daugavet points in which slices are replaced by relative weakly open subsets (super $Δ$-points and super Daugavet points) or by convex combinations of slices (ccs $Δ$-points and ccs Daugavet points). We first give a general overview on these new concepts and provide some isometric consequences on the spaces. As examples: if a Banach space contains a super $Δ$-point, then it does not admit an unconditional FDD with suppression constant smaller than two; if a real Banach space contains a ccs $Δ$-point, then it does not admit a one-unconditional basis; if a Banach space contains a ccs Daugavet point, then every convex combination of slices of its unit ball has diameter two. We next characterize the notions in some classes of Banach spaces showing, for instance, that all the notions coincide in $L_1$-predual spaces and that all the notions but ccs Daugavet points coincide in $L_1$-spaces. We next remark on some examples which have previously appeared in the literature and provide some new intriguing examples: examples of super $Δ$-points which are as closed as desired to strongly exposed points (hence failing to be Daugavet points in an extreme way); an example of a super $Δ$-point which is strongly regular (hence failing to be a ccs $Δ$-point in the strongest way); a super Daugavet point which fails to be a ccs $Δ$-point. The extensions of the diametral notions to point in the open unit ball and the consequences on the spaces are also studied. Last, we investigate the Kuratowski measure of relative weakly open subsets and of convex combinations of slices in the presence of super $Δ$-points or ccs $Δ$-points, as well as for spaces enjoying diameter 2 properties. We conclude the paper with a section on open problems.
We prove that the diametral strong diameter 2 property of a Banach space (meaning that, in convex combinations of relatively weakly open subsets of its unit ball, every point has an "almost diametral" point) is stable under 1-sums, i.e., the direct sum of two spaces with the diametral strong diameter 2 property equipped with the 1-norm has again this property.
The aim of this note is to provide several variants of the diameter two properties for Banach spaces. We study such properties looking for the abundance of diametral points, which holds in the setting of Banach spaces with the Daugavet property, for example, and we intro- duce the diametral diameter two properties in Banach spaces, showing for these new properties stability results, inheritance to subspaces and characterizations in terms of finite rank projections.
We demonstrate the result stated in the title, thus answering an open question asked by Julio Becerra Guerrero, Ginés López-Pérez and Abraham Rueda Zoca in J. Conv. Anal. \textbf{25}, no. 3 (2018).
We prove that the diametral diameter two properties are inherited by $F$-ideals (e.g., $M$-ideals). On the other hand, these properties are lifted from an $M$-ideal to the superspace under strong geometric assumptions. We also show that all of the diametral diameter two properties are stable under the formation of corresponding Köthe-Bochner spaces (e.g., $L_p$-Bochner spaces). Finally, we investigate when the projective tensor product of two Banach spaces has some diametral diameter two property.
We study the existence of Daugavet- and delta-points in the unit sphere of Banach spaces with a $1$-unconditional basis. A norm one element $x$ in a Banach space is a Daugavet-point (resp. delta-point) if every element in the unit ball (resp. $x$ itself) is in the closed convex hull of unit ball elements that are almost at distance $2$ from $x$. A Banach space has the Daugavet property (resp. diametral local diameter two property) if and only if every norm one element is a Daugavet-point (resp. delta-point). It is well-known that a Banach space with the Daugavet property does not have an uncon…
A Daugavet-point (resp.~$Δ$-point) of a Banach space is a norm one element $x$ for which every point in the unit ball (resp.~element $x$ itself) is in the closed convex hull of unit ball elements that are almost at distance 2 from $x$. A Banach space has the well-known Daugavet property (resp.~diametral local diameter 2 property) if and only if every norm one element is a Daugavet-point (resp.~$Δ$-point). This paper complements the article "Delta- and Daugavet-points in Banach spaces" by T. A. Abrahamsen, R. Haller, V. Lima, and K. Pirk, where the study of the existence of Daugavet- and $Δ$-po…
We prove that, if Banach spaces $X$ and $Y$ are $δ$-average rough, then their direct sum with respect to an absolute norm $N$ is $δ/N(1,1)$-average rough. In particular, for octahedral $X$ and $Y$ and for $p$ in $(1,\infty)$ the space $X\oplus_p Y$ is $2^{1-1/p}$-average rough, which is in general optimal. Another consequence is that for any $δ$ in $(1,2]$ there is a Banach space which is exactly $δ$-average rough. We give a complete characterization when an absolute sum of two Banach spaces is octahedral or has the strong diameter 2 property. However, among all of the absolute sums, the diame…
We introduce a new diametral notion for points of the unit sphere of Banach spaces, that naturally complements the notion of Delta-points, but is weaker than the notion of Daugavet points. We prove that this notion can be used to provide a new geometric characterization of the Daugavet property, as well as to recover -- and even to provide new -- results about Daugavet points in various contexts such as absolute sums of Banach spaces or projective tensor products. Finally, we show that this notion leads to powerful new ideas for renorming questions, and that those ideas can be combined with pr…
A $Δ$-point $x$ of a Banach space is a norm one element that is arbitrarily close to convex combinations of elements in the unit ball that are almost at distance $2$ from $x$. If, in addition, every point in the unit ball is arbitrarily close to such convex combinations, $x$ is a Daugavet-point. A Banach space $X$ has the Daugavet property if and only if every norm one element is a Daugavet-point. We show that $Δ$- and Daugavet-points are the same in $L_1$-spaces, $L_1$-preduals, as well as in a big class of Müntz spaces. We also provide an example of a Banach space where all points on the uni…
In this paper, we define for the first time the local Morrey-type space associated with ball quasi-Banach function spaces and show the related series of properties. In addition, Hardy-Littlewood maximal operator's boundedness is proved. We investigate nonsmooth decomposition of the local Morrey-type space associated with ball quasi-Banach function spaces via the Hardy local Morrey-type spaces associated with ball quasi-Banach function spaces. And we consider Hardy operator's boundedness.
A topological space is said to be sequential if every sequentially closed subspace is closed. We consider Banach spaces with weak*-sequential dual ball. In particular, we show that if $X$ is a Banach space with weak*-sequentially compact dual ball and $Y \subset X$ is a subspace such that $Y$ and $X/Y$ have weak*-sequential dual ball, then $X$ has weak*-sequential dual ball. As an application we obtain that the Johnson-Lindenstrauss space $JL_2$ and $C(K)$ for $K$ scattered compact space of countable height are examples of Banach spaces with weak*-sequential dual ball, answering in this way a …
In this work, we introduce the notion of Ball dentable property in Banach spaces. We study certain stability results for the $w^*$-Ball dentable property leading to a discussion on Ball dentability in the context of ideals of Banach spaces. We prove that the $w^*$-Ball-dentable property can be lifted from an $M$-ideal to the whole Banach Space. We also prove similar results for strict ideals of a Banach space. We note that the space $C(K,X)^*$ has $w*$-Ball dentable property when $K$ is dispersed and $X^\ast$ has the $w^*$-Ball dentable property.
Extending recent results by Cascales, Kadets, Orihuela and Wingler (2016), Kadets and Zavarzina (2017), and Zavarzina (2017) we demonstrate that for every Banach space $X$ and every collection $Z_i, i\in I$ of strictly convex Banach spaces every non-expansive bijection from the unit ball of $X$ to the unit ball of sum of $Z_i$ by $\ell_1$ is an isometry.
We show that all the symmetric projective tensor products of a Banach space $X$ have the Daugavet property provided $X$ has the Daugavet property and either $X$ is an $L_1$-predual (i.e.\ $X^*$ is isometric to an $L_1$-space) or $X$ is a vector-valued $L_1$-space. In the process of proving it, we get a number of results of independent interest. For instance, we characterise "localised" versions of the Daugavet property (i.e.\ Daugavet points and $Δ$-points recently introduced) for $L_1$-preduals in terms of the extreme points of the topological dual, a result which allows to characterise a pol…
We prove that Banach spaces $\ell_1\oplus_2\mathbb{R}$ and $X\oplus_\infty Y$, with strictly convex $X$ and $Y$, have plastic unit balls (we call a metric space plastic if every non-expansive bijection from this space onto itself is an isometry).
Let $E$ be a $(\mathrm{IV})$-polyhedral Banach space. We show that, for each $ε>0$, $E$ admits an $ε$-equivalent $\mathrm{(V)}$-polyhedral norm such that the corresponding closed unit ball is the closed convex hull of its extreme points. In particular, we obtain that every separable isomorphically polyhedral Banach space, for each $ε>0$, admits an $ε$-equivalent $(\mathrm{V})$-polyhedral norm such that the corresponding closed unit ball is the closed convex hull of its extreme points.
We prove that the following three properties for a Banach space are all different from each other: every finite convex combination of slices of the unit ball is (1) relatively weakly open, (2) has nonempty interior in relative weak topology of the unit ball, and (3) intersects the unit sphere. In particular, the $1$-sum of two Banach spaces does not have property (1), but it has property (2) if both the spaces have property (1); the Banach space $C[0,1]$ does not have property (2), although it has property (3).
We study the behaviour of Whitley's thickness constant of a Banach space with respect to $\ell_p$-products and we compute it for classical $L_p$-spaces.
A Banach space $X$ is said to have the ball generated property (BGP) if every closed, bounded, convex subset of $X$ can be written as an intersection of finite unions of closed balls. In 2002 S. Basu proved that the BGP is stable under (infinite) $c_0$- and $\ell^p$-sums for $1<p<\infty$. We will show here that for any absolute, normalised norm $\|\cdot\|_E$ on $\mathbb{R}^2$ satisfying a certain smoothness condition the direct sum $X\oplus_E Y$ of two Banach spaces $X$ and $Y$ with respect to $\|\cdot\|_E$ enjoys the BGP whenever $X$ and $Y$ have the BGP.
It is known that if $M$ is a finite-dimensional Banach space, or a strictly convex space, or the space $\ell_1$, then every non-expansive bijection $F: B_M \to B_M$ is an isometry. We extend these results to non-expansive bijections $F: B_E \to B_M$ between unit balls of two different Banach spaces. Namely, if $E$ is an arbitrary Banach space and $M$ is finite-dimensional or strictly convex, or the space $\ell_1$ then every non-expansive bijection $F: B_E \to B_M$ is an isometry.
We study biorthogonal sequences with special properties, such as weak or weak-star convergence to 0, and obtain an extension of the Josefson-Nissenzweig theorem. This result is applied to embed analytic disks in the fiber over 0 of the spectrum of H^infinity (B), the algebra of bounded analytic functions on the unit ball B of an arbitrary infinite dimensional Banach space. Various other embedding theorems are obtained. For instance, if the Banach space is superreflexive, then the unit ball of a Hilbert space of uncountable dimension can be embedded analytically in the fiber over 0 via an embed…
In 1989, G. Godefroy proved that a Banach space contains an isomorphic copy of $\ell_1$ if and only if it can be equivalently renormed to be octahedral. It is known that octahedral norms can be characterized by means of covering the unit sphere by a finite number of balls. This observation allows us to connect the theory of octahedral norms with ball-covering properties of Banach spaces introduced by L. Cheng in 2006. Following this idea, we extend G. Godefroy's result to higher cardinalities. We prove that, for an infinite cardinal $κ$, a Banach space $X$ contains an isomorphic copy of $\ell_…
We study the unknown differences between the size of slices and relatively weakly open subsets of the unit ball in Banach spaces. We show that every Banach space containing isomorphic copies of $c_0$ can be equivalently renormed so that every slice of its unit ball has diameter 2 and satisfying that its unit ball contains nonempty relatively weakly open subsets with diameter arbitrarily small, which answers an open problem and stresses the differences of diameter between slices and relatively weakly open subsets of the unit ball in Banach spaces.
We show some new results about tilings in Banach spaces. A tiling of a Banach space $X$ is a covering by closed sets with non-empty interior so that they have pairwise disjoint interiors. If moreover the tiles have inner radii uniformly bounded from below, and outer radii uniformly bounded from above, we say that the tiling is normal. In 2010 Preiss constructed a convex normal tiling of the separable Hilbert space. For Banach spaces with Schauder basis we will show that Preiss' result is still true with starshaped tiles instead of convex ones. Also, whenever $X$ is uniformly convex we give pre…
The space of Bloch functions on bounded symmetric domains is extended by considering Bloch functions $f$ on the unit ball $B_E$ of finite and infinite dimensional complex Banach spaces in two different ways: by extending the classical Bloch space considering the boundness of $(1-\|x\|^2) \|f'(x)\|$ on $B_E$ and by preserving the invariance of the correspondiing seminorm when we compose with automorphisms $ϕ$ of $B_E$. We study the connection between these spaces proving that they are different in general and prove that all bounded analytic functions on $B_{E}$ are Bloch functions in both ways.
We introduce and study Banach spaces which have property CWO, i.e., every finite convex combination of relatively weakly open subsets of their unit ball is open in the relative weak topology of the unit ball. Stability results of such spaces are established, and we introduce and discuss a geometric condition---property (co)---on a Banach space. Property (co) essentially says that the operation of taking convex combinations of elements of the unit ball is, in a sense, an open map. We show that if a finite dimensional Banach space $X$ has property (co), then for any scattered locally compact Hau…
In this note, we provide a starlike and normal tiling in any separable Banach space. That means, there are positive constants r and R (not depending on the separable Banach space) such that every tile of this tiling is starlike, contains a ball of radius r and is contained in a ball of radius R.
We show that every Banach space containing isomorphic copies of $c_0$ can be equivalently renormed so that every nonempty relatively weakly open subset of its unit ball has diameter 2 and, however, its unit ball still contains convex combinations of slices with diameter arbitrarily small, which improves in a optimal way the known results about the size of this kind of subsets in Banach spaces.
We study convexity and starlikeness of quasihyperbolic and distance ratio metric balls on Banach spaces. In particular, problems related to these metrics on convex domains, and on punctured Banach spaces, are considered.
A Banach space has the ball huskable property ($BHP$) if the closed unit ball has weakly open sets of arbitrarily small diameter. We can analogously define $w^*$-$BHP$ in the dual space. In this short note, we study these properties in the context of ideals in Banach spaces. The notion of an ideal, was introduced by Godefroy, Kalton and Saphar. We show that if a Banach space $X$ has $BHP,$ then any $M$-ideal of $X$ also has $BHP.$ We further show that if $Y$ is an $M$-ideal of $X,$ then $Y^*$ has $w^*$-$BHP$ implies $X^*$ has $w^{*}$-$BHP.$ We use this result to prove that for a compact Hausdo…
We study the relation between octahedral norms, Daugavet property and the size of convex combinations of slices in Banach spaces. We prove that the norm of an arbitrary Banach space is octahedral if, and only if, every convex combination of $w^*$-slices in the dual unit ball has diameter 2, which answer an open question. As a consequence we get that the Banach spaces with the Daugavet property and its dual spaces have octahedral norms. Also, we show that for every separable Banach space containing $\ell_1$ and for every $\varepsilon >0$ there is an equivalent norm so that every convex combinat…
We show that the duals of Banach algebras of scalar-valued bounded holomorphic functions on the open unit ball $B_E$ of a Banach space $E$ lack weak$^*$-strongly exposed points. Consequently, we obtain that some Banach algebras of holomorphic functions on an arbitrary Banach space have the Daugavet property which extends the observation of P. Wojtaszczyk. Moreover, we present a new denseness result by proving that the set of norm-attaining vector-valued holomorphic functions on the open unit ball of a dual Banach space is dense provided that its predual space has the metric $π$-property. Besid…
In this work we study three different versions of small diameter properties of the unit ball in a Banach space and its dual. The related concepts for all closed bounded convex sets of a Banach space was initiated and developed in \cite{B3}, \cite{BR} ,\cite{EW}, \cite{GM} was extensively studied in the context of dentability, huskability, Radon Nikodym Property and Krein Milman Property in \cite{GGMS}. We introduce the the Ball Huskable Property ($BHP$), namely, the unit ball has relatively weakly open subsets of arbitrarily small diameter. We compare this property to two related properties, $…
We study Banach spaces with a weak stable unit ball, that is Banach spaces where every convex combination of relatively weakly open subsets in its unit ball is again a relatively weakly open subset in its unit ball. It is proved that the class of $L_1$ preduals with a weak stable unit ball agree with those $L_1$ preduals which are purely atomic, that is preduals of $\ell_1(Γ)$ for some set $Γ$, getting in this way a complete geometrical characterization of purely atomic preduals of $L_1$, which answers a setting problem. As a consequence, we prove the equivalence for $L_1$ preduals of differen…
For a complex Banach space $X$ with open unit ball $B_X,$ consider the Banach algebras $\mathcal H^\infty(B_X)$ of bounded scalar-valued holomorphic functions and the subalgebra $\mathcal A_u(B_X)$ of uniformly continuous functions on $B_X.$ Denoting either algebra by $\mathcal A,$ we study the Gleason parts of the set of scalar-valued homomorphisms $\mathcal M(\mathcal A)$ on $\mathcal A.$ Following remarks on the general situation, we focus on the case $X = c_0.$
The geometric notion of huskability initiated and developed in [B3], [BR] ,[EW], [GM] was subsequently extensively studied in the context of dentability and Radon Nikodym Property in [GGMS]. In this work, we introduce a new geometric property of Banach space, the Ball Huskable Property ($BHP$), namely, the unit ball has relatively weakly open subsets of arbitrarily small diameter. We compare this property to two related geometric properties, $BSCSP$ namely, the unit ball has convex combination of slices of arbitrarily small diameter and $BDP$ namely, the closed unit ball has slices of arbitrar…
We discuss the geometry of Banach spaces whose norm is octahedral or, more generally, locally or weakly octahedral. Our main results characterize these spaces in terms of covering of the unit ball.
