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arXiv 2211.09802quant-phcond-mat.mes-hallcond-mat.other
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用68个可编程超导量子比特数字模拟非阿贝尔任意子

Digital simulation of non-Abelian anyons with 68 programmable superconducting qubits

Shibo Xu, Zheng-Zhi Sun, Ke Wang, Liang Xiang, Zehang Bao, Zitian Zhu, Fanhao Shen, Zixuan Song, Pengfei Zhang, Wenhui Ren, Xu Zhang, Hang Dong, Jinfeng Deng, J… 展开作者

Shibo Xu, Zheng-Zhi Sun, Ke Wang, Liang Xiang, Zehang Bao, Zitian Zhu, Fanhao Shen, Zixuan Song, Pengfei Zhang, Wenhui Ren, Xu Zhang, Hang Dong, Jinfeng Deng, Jiachen Chen, Yaozu Wu, Ziqi Tan, Yu Gao, Feitong Jin, Xuhao Zhu, Chuanyu Zhang, Ning Wang, Yiren Zou, Jiarun Zhong, Aosai Zhang, Weikang Li, Wenjie Jiang, Li-Wei Yu, Yunyan Yao, Zhen Wang, Hekang Li, Qiujiang Guo, Chao Song, H. Wang, Dong-Ling Deng

AI总结:

本研究用68个可编程超导量子比特在二维晶格上数字模拟非阿贝尔任意子,实验验证其编织统计与融合规则,并演示了拓扑逻辑量子比特及量子门操作。

摘要:

非阿贝尔任意子是某些拓扑物质相所承载的奇异准粒子激发。它们打破了费米子-玻色子的二分法,并遵循非阿贝尔编织统计:它们的交换在由拓扑简并波函数张成的空间中产生幺正操作,而不仅仅是相位因子。它们是拓扑量子计算的基石。然而,尽管有各种理论提议,非阿贝尔任意子及其特征性编织统计的实验观测至今仍极具挑战性且难以实现。在此,我们报告了一项实验性量子数字模拟,在二维晶格上排列的多达68个可编程超导量子比特上,模拟了投影非阿贝尔任意子及其编织统计。通过量子电路实现带有扭曲的环面码模型的基态,我们证明了扭曲交换电电荷和磁电荷,并表现为一种特定类型的非阿贝尔任意子,即伊辛任意子。特别地,我们实验性地展示了这些扭曲遵循伊辛类型的融合规则和非阿贝尔编织统计,并可被用来编码拓扑逻辑量子比特。此外,我们演示了如何通过对底层物理量子比特施加一系列基本泡利门来实现单量子比特和双量子比特逻辑门。我们的结果展示了一种用于模拟非阿贝尔任意子的多功能量子数字方法,为研究这类奇异准粒子提供了新的视角。

英文摘要:

Non-Abelian anyons are exotic quasiparticle excitations hosted by certain topological phases of matter. They break the fermion-boson dichotomy and obey non-Abelian braiding statistics: their interchanges yield unitary operations, rather than merely a phase factor, in a space spanned by topologically degenerate wavefunctions. They are the building blocks of topological quantum computing. However, experimental observation of non-Abelian anyons and their characterizing braiding statistics is notoriously challenging and has remained elusive hitherto, in spite of various theoretical proposals. Here, we report an experimental quantum digital simulation of projective non-Abelian anyons and their braiding statistics with up to 68 programmable superconducting qubits arranged on a two-dimensional lattice. By implementing the ground states of the toric-code model with twists through quantum circuits, we demonstrate that twists exchange electric and magnetic charges and behave as a particular type of non-Abelian anyons, i.e., the Ising anyons. In particular, we show experimentally that these twists follow the fusion rules and non-Abelian braiding statistics of the Ising type, and can be explored to encode topological logical qubits. Furthermore, we demonstrate how to implement both single- and two-qubit logic gates through applying a sequence of elementary Pauli gates on the underlying physical qubits. Our results demonstrate a versatile quantum digital approach for simulating non-Abelian anyons, offering a new lens into the study of such peculiar quasiparticles.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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