X 形马约拉纳干涉仪的直流电导揭示非阿贝尔任意子统计
DC Conductance of X-shaped Majorana Interferometer reveals Non-Abelian Anyon Statistics
AI总结：
该研究提出四端 X 形手性马约拉纳干涉仪，利用线性响应直流电导张量检测伊辛任意子非阿贝尔统计。通过手征玻色化理论发现其电导张量各向同性，能产生非零电导，可直接证明非阿贝尔统计，补充了双臂干涉仪研究。
AI中文摘要：
我们提出了一种具有中心浮动超导岛的四端 X 形手性马约拉纳干涉仪，可通过电荷输运实验中的线性响应直流电导张量直接检测伊辛任意子的非阿贝尔统计。伊辛任意子可实现为在定义超导岛的约瑟夫森线结处成核的边缘涡旋，在此处边缘涡旋和马约拉纳费米子隧穿过程均可发生。我们表明在这种多端马约拉纳干涉仪中，伊辛任意子的真空和费米子融合通道都是可能的。与双臂干涉仪不同，双臂干涉仪只有真空融合通道且边缘涡旋的直流电导贡献始终为零。通过手征玻色化导出的低能有效理论，我们发现 X 形干涉仪中的直流电导张量完全各向同性，当同时发生边缘涡旋和马约拉纳隧穿激活费米子融合通道时会产生非零电导。除了在与任意子拓扑自旋相关的门可调电荷参数中的电导振荡外，测量有限电导可直接证明这种几何结构中的非阿贝尔统计。
英文摘要：
We propose a four-terminal, X-shaped chiral Majorana interferometer with a central floating superconducting island, enabling the direct detection of the non-Abelian statistics of Ising anyons via the linear-response DC conductance tensor in charge transport experiments. Here, Ising anyons are realizable as edge vortices nucleated at Josephson line junctions defining the superconducting island, where both edge-vortex and Majorana-fermion tunneling processes can occur. We show that in such a multi-terminal Majorana interferometer, both the vacuum and the fermionic fusion channel for Ising anyons are possible. This is in contrast to two-arm interferometers, where only the vacuum fusion channel is accessible and the DC conductance contribution from edge vortices always vanishes. Using a low-energy effective theory derived via chiral bosonization, we find that in the X-shaped interferometer, the DC conductance tensor is completely isotropic, yielding a non-zero conductance when simultaneous edge-vortex and Majorana tunneling activates the fermionic fusion channel. Apart from conductance oscillations in a gate-tunable charge parameter, which display an offset related to the anyon topological spin, measuring a finite conductance can already provide direct evidence for non-Abelian statistics in this geometry.
