Let $X$ be an algebraic variety such that the group $\text{Aut}(X)$ acts on $X$ transitively. We define the transitivity degree of $X$ as a maximal number $m$ such that the action of $\text{Aut}(X)$ on $X$ is $m$-transitive. If the action of $\text{Aut}(X)$ is $m$-transitive for all $m$, the transitivity degree is infinite. We compute the transitivity degree for all quasi-affine toric varieties and for many homogeneous spaces of algebraic groups. Also we discuss a conjecture and open questions related to this invariant.
In this note we survey recent results on automorphisms of affine algebraic varieties, infinitely transitive group actions and flexibility. We present related constructions and examples, and discuss geometric applications and open problems.
We say that a group G acts infinitely transitively on a set X if for every integer m the induced diagonal action of G is transitive on the cartesian mth power of X with the diagonals removed. We describe three classes of affine algebraic varieties such that their automorphism groups act infinitely transitively on their smooth loci. The first class consists of affine cones over flag varieties, the second of non-degenerate affine toric varieties, and the third of iterated suspensions over affine varieties with infinitely transitive automorphism groups of a reinforced type.
Let X be an algebraic variety covered by open charts isomorphic to the affine space and q: X' \to X be the universal torsor over X. We prove that the automorphism group of the quasiaffine variety X' acts on X' infinitely transitively. Also we find wide classes of varieties X admitting such a covering.
We give a classification of embedded smooth projective varieties swept out by rational homogeneous varieties whose Picard number and codimension are one.
This is an expository lecture, for the Abel bicentennial (Oslo, 2002), describing some recent work on the (small) quantum cohomology ring of Grassmannians and other homogeneous varieties.
Let $G$ be a semi-simple algebraic group over a perfect field $k$. A lot of progress has been made recently in computing the Chow motives of projective $G$-homogenous varieties. When $k$ has positive characteristic, a broader class of $G$-homogeneous varieties appear. These are varieties over which $G$ acts transitively with possibly non-reduced isotropy subgroup. In this paper we study these varieties which we call ${\it \mbox{projective pseudo-homogeneous varieties}}$ for $G$ inner type over $k$ and prove that their motives satisfy Rost nilpotence. We also find their motivic decompositions a…
Complex projective algebraic varieties with $\mathbb{C}^*$-actions can be thought of as geometric counterparts of birational transformations. In this paper we describe geometrically the birational transformations associated to rational homogeneous varieties endowed with a $\mathbb{C}^*$-action with no proper isotropy subgroups.
We obtain characterizations and structure results for homogeneous principal bundles over abelian varieties, that generalize work of Miyanishi and Mukai on homogeneous vector bundles. For this, we rely on notions and methods of algebraic transformation groups, especially observable subgroups and anti-affine groups.
Grothendieck-Chow motives of quadric hypersurfaces have provided many insights into the theory of quadratic forms. Subsequently, the landscape of motives of more general projective homogeneous varieties has begun to emerge. In particular, there have been many results which relate the motive of a one homogeneous variety to motives of other simpler or smaller ones. In this paper, we exhibit a relationship between motives of two homogeneous varieties by producing a natural rational map between them which becomes a projective bundle morphism after being resolved. This allows one to use formulas fo…
In this paper we construct a tilting sheaf for Severi-Brauer Varieties and Involution Varieties. This sheaf relates the derived category of each variety to the derived category of modules over a ring whose semisimple component consists of the Tits algebras of the corresponding linear algebraic group.
Generalizing cones over projective toric varieties, we present arbitrary toric varieties as quotients of quasiaffine toric varieties. Such quotient presentations correspond to groups of Weil divisors generating the topology. Groups comprising Cartier divisors define free quotients, whereas $\QQ$-Cartier divisors define geometric quotients. Each quotient presentation yields homogeneous coordinates. Using homogeneous coordinates, we express quasicoherent sheaves in terms of multigraded modules and describe the set of morphisms into a toric variety.
I prove that a vector bundle on a minuscule homogeneous variety splits into a direct sum of line bundles if and only if its restriction to the union of two-dimensional Schubert subvarieties splits. A case-by-case analysis is done.
We classify almost homogeneous normal varieties of Albanese codimension $1$, defined over an arbitrary field. We prove that such a variety has a unique normal equivariant completion. Over a perfect field, the group scheme of automorphisms of this completion is smooth, except in one case in characteristic $2$, and we determine its (reduced) neutral component.
We study the equivalence between infinitesimal Torelli theorem for smooth hypersurfaces in rational homogeneous varieties with Picard number one and the theory of generalized Massey products. This equivalence shows that the differential of the period map vanishes on an infinitesimal deformation if and only if certain twisted differential forms are elements of the Jacobian ideal of the hypersurface. We also prove an infinitesimal Torelli theorem result for smooth hypersurfaces in log parallelizable varieties.
A subvariety of a complex projective space has a well-known dual variety, which is the set of its tangent hyperplanes. The purpose of this paper is to generalise this notion for a subvariety of a quite general partial flag variety. A similar biduality theorem is proved, and the dual varieties of Schubert varieties are described.
We prove a structure theorem for the Albanese maps of varieties with Q-linearly trivial log canonical divisors. Our start point is the action of a nonlinear algebraic group on a projective variety.
In this addendum we generalize some results of our article "Generically split projective homogeneous varieties", Duke Math. J. 152 (2010), no. 1, 155-173. More precisely, we remove all restrictions on the characteristic of the base field and complete our classification by the last missing case, namely $\PGO_{2n}^+$.
The article is dedicated to the memory of O.N. Vvedenskii. Vvedenskii's results are presented as well as selected new results of arithmetic algebraic geometry. Elements of ontology of Vvedenskii's research also given.
We associate to every divisorial (e.g. smooth) variety $X$ with only constant invertible global functions and finitely generated Picard group a $Pic(X)$-graded homogeneous coordinate ring. This generalizes the usual homogeneous coordinate ring of the projective space and constructions of Cox and Kajiwara for smooth and divisorial toric varieties. We show that the homogeneous coordinate ring defines in fact a fully faithful functor. For normal complex varieties $X$ with only constant global functions, we even obtain an equivalence of categories. Finally, the homogeneous coordinate ring of a loc…
In this article we prove a result comparing rationality of algebraic cycles over the function field of a projective homogeneous variety under a linear algebraic group of type $F_4$ or $E_8$ and over the base field, which can be of any characteristic.
In this paper, we study arithmetically Cohen--Macaulay (ACM) bundles on homogeneous varieties $G/P$. Indeed we characterize the homogeneous ACM bundles on $G/P$ of Picard rank one in terms of highest weights. This is a generalization of the result on $G/P$ of classical types presented by Costa and Miró-Roig for type $A$, and Du, Fang, and Ren for types $B,C$ and $D$. As a consequence we prove that only finitely many irreducible homogeneous ACM bundles, up to twisting line bundles, exist over all such $G/P$. Moreover, we derive the list of the highest weights of the irreducible homogeneous ACM …
If X is a symplectic variety emedded in an affine space as a complete intersection of homogeneous polynomials, then X coincides with the nilpotent variety of a semisimple Lie algebra.
Let A be a central division algebra over a field F with ind A = n. In computing canonical p-dimension of projective PGL_1(A)-homogeneous varieties, for p prime, we can reduce to the case of generalized Severi-Brauer varieties X_e(A) with ind A a power of p divisible by e. We prove that canonical 2-dimension (and hence canonical dimension) equals dimension for all X_e(A) with ind A = 2e a power of 2.
Given a complete nonsingular algebraic variety $X$ and a divisor $D$ with normal crossings, we say that $X$ is log homogeneous with boundary $D$ if the logarithmic tangent bundle $T_X(- \log D)$ is generated by its global sections. We then show that the Albanese morphism $α$ is a fibration with fibers being spherical (in particular, rational) varieties. It follows that all irreducible components of $D$ are nonsingular, and any partial intersection of them is irreducible. Also, the image of $X$ under the morphism $σ$ associated with $- K_X - D$ is a spherical variety, and the irreducible compon…
Given an affine algebraic variety X of dimension at least 2, we let SAut (X) denote the special automorphism group of X i.e., the subgroup of the full automorphism group Aut (X) generated by all one-parameter unipotent subgroups. We show that if SAut (X) is transitive on the smooth locus of X then it is infinitely transitive on this locus. In turn, the transitivity is equivalent to the flexibility of X. The latter means that for every smooth point x of X the tangent space at x is spanned by the velocity vectors of one-parameter unipotent subgroups of Aut (X). We provide also different variatio…
Complete intersections inside rational homogeneous varieties provide interesting examples of Fano manifolds. For example, if $X = \cap_{i=1}^r D_i \subset G/P$ is a general complete intersection of $r$ ample divisors such that $K_{G/P}^* \otimes \mathcal{O}_{G/P}(-\sum_i D_i)$ is ample, then $X$ is Fano. We first classify these Fano complete intersections which are locally rigid. It turns out that most of them are hyperplane sections. We then classify general hyperplane sections which are quasi-homogeneous.
We present a modern proof of a theorem of Rosenlicht, asserting that every variety as in the title is isomorphic to a product of affine lines and punctured affine lines.
We prove that the only rational homogeneous varieties with Picard number 1 of the exceptional algebraic groups admitting irreducible equivariant Ulrich vector bundles are the Cayley plane $E_6/P_1$ and the $E_7$-adjoint variety $E_7/P_1$. From this result, we see that a general hyperplane section $F_4/P_4$ of the Cayley plane also has an equivariant but non-irreducible Ulrich bundle.
A non-degenerate toric variety $X$ is called $S$-homogeneous if the subgroup of the automorphism group $\text{Aut}(X)$ generated by root subgroups acts on $X$ transitively. We prove that maximal $S$-homogeneous toric varieties are in bijection with pairs $(P,\mathcal{A})$, where $P$ is an abelian group and $\mathcal{A}$ is a finite collection of elements in $P$ such that $\mathcal{A}$ generates the group $P$ and for every $a\in\mathcal{A}$ the element $a$ is contained in the semigroup generated by $\mathcal{A}\setminus\{a\}$. We show that any non-degenerate homogeneous toric variety is a big o…
Over a field of positive characteristic, a semisimple algebraic group $G$ may have some nonreduced parabolic subgroup $P$. In this paper, we study the Schubert and Bott-Samelson-Demazure-Hansen (BSDH) varieties of $G/P$, with $P$ nonreduced, when the base field is perfect. It is shown that in general the Schubert and BSDH varieties of such a $G/P$ are not normal, and the projection of the BSDH variety onto the Schubert variety has nonreduced fibers at closed points. When the base field is finite, the generalized convolution morphisms between BSDH varieties are also studied. It is shown that th…
Let $X$ be an algebraic variety over a finite field $\bF_q$, homogeneous under a linear algebraic group. We show that the number of rational points of $X$ over $\bF_{q^n}$ is a periodic polynomial function of $q^n$ with integer coefficients. Moreover, the shifted periodic polynomial function, where $q^n$ is formally replaced with $q^n + 1$, is shown to have non-negative coefficients.
We consider those projective bundles (or Brauer-Severi varieties) over an abelian variety that are homogeneous, i.e., invariant under translation. We describe the structure of these bundles in terms of projective representations of commutative algebraic groups; the irreducible bundles correspond to Heisenberg groups and their standard representations. Our results extend those of Mukai on semi-homogeneous vector bundles, and yield a geometric view of the Brauer group of abelian varieties.
Assume that R is a local regular ring containing an infinite perfect field, or that R is the local ring of a point on a smooth scheme over an infinite field. Let K be the field of fractions of R and the characteristic of K is not 2. Let X be an exceptional projective homogeneous scheme over R. We prove that in most cases the condition that X has a K-point implies that X has an R-point.
In the present paper we provide a general algorithm to compute multiplicative cohomological operations on algebraic oriented cohomology of projective homogeneous G-varieties, where G is a split reductive algebraic group over a field of characteristic 0. More precisely, we extend such operations to the respective T-equivariant (T is a maximal split torus of G) oriented theories, and then compute them using equivariant Schubert calculus techniques. This generalizes an approach suggested by Garibaldi-Petrov-Semenov for Steenrod operations. We also show that operations on the theories of additive …
The space of smooth rational curves of degree $d$ in a projective variety $X$ has compactifications by taking closures in the Hilbert scheme, the moduli space of stable sheaves or the moduli space of stable maps respectively. In this paper we compare these compactifications by explicit blow-ups and -downs when $X$ is a projective homogeneous variety and $d\leq 3$. Using the comparison result, we calculate the Betti numbers of the compactifications when $X$ is a Grassmannian variety.
We develop a new connection between Differential Algebra and Geometric Invariant Theory, based on an anti-equivalence of categories between solution algebras associated to a linear differential equation (i.e. differential algebras generated by finitely many polynomials in a fundamental set of solutions), and affine quasi-homogeneous varieties (over the constant field) for the differential Galois group of the equation. Solution algebras can be associated to any connection over a smooth affine variety. It turns out that he spectrum of a solution algebra is an algebraic fiber space over the base …
We prove that under some assumptions on an algebraic group $G$, indecomposable direct summands of the motive of a projective $G$-homogeneous variety with coefficients in $\mathbb{F}_p$ remain indecomposable if the ring of coefficients is any field of characteristic $p$. In particular for any projective $G$-homogeneous variety $X$, the decomposition of the motive of $X$ in a direct sum of indecomposable motives with coefficients in any finite field of characteristic $p$ corresponds to the decomposition of the motive of $X$ with coefficients in $\mathbb{F}_p$. We also construct a counterexample …
Consider a smooth connected algebraic group $G$ acting on a normal projective variety $X$ with an open dense orbit. We show that Aut($X$) is a linear algebraic group if so is $G$; for an arbitrary $G$, the group of components of Aut($X$) is arithmetic. Along the way, we obtain a restrictive condition for $G$ to be the full automorphism group of some normal projective variety.
Jun-Muk Hwang and Ngaiming Mok have proved the rigidity of irreducible Hermitian symmetric spaces of compact type under Kaehler degeneration. I adapt their argument to the algebraic setting in positive characteristic, where cominuscule homogeneous varieties serve as an analogue of Hermitian symmetric spaces. The main result gives an explicit (computable in terms of Schubert calculus) lower bound on the characteristic of the base field, guaranteeing that a smooth projective family with cominuscule homogeneous generic fibre is isotrivial. The bound depends only on the type of the generic fibre, …
We study the quantum cohomology of (co)minuscule homogeneous varieties under a unified perspective. We show that three points Gromov-Witten invariants can always be interpreted as classical intersection numbers on auxiliary varieties. Our main combinatorial tools are certain quivers, in terms of which we obtain a quantum Chevalley formula and a higher quantum Poincaré duality. In particular we compute the quantum cohomology of the two exceptional minuscule homogeneous varieties.
Heisenberg Equivariant Compactifications of Rational Homogeneous Varieties
Shenzhen University（深圳大学）；Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院数学与系统科学研究院）；University of Chinese Academy of Sciences（中国科学院大学）；Institute for Basic Science（基础科学研究所）
We determine which tangential varieties of homogeneously embedded rational homogeneous varieties are spherical. We determine the homogeneous coordinate rings and rings of covariants of the tangential varieties of homogenously embedded compact Hermitian symmetric spaces (CHSS). We give bounds on the degrees of generators of the ideals of tangential varieties of CHSS and obtain more explicit infomation about the ideals in certain cases.
We show how to construct certain homogeneous deformations for rational normal varieties with codimension one torus action. This can then be used to construct homogeneous deformations of any toric variety in arbitrary degree. For locally trivial deformations coming from this construction, we calculate the image of the Kodaira-Spencer map. We then show that for a smooth complete toric variety, our homogeneous deformations span the space of first-order deformations.
We consider a complete nonsingular variety $X$ over $\bC$, having a normal crossing divisor $D$ such that the associated logarithmic tangent bundle is generated by its global sections. We show that $H^i\big(X, L^{-1} \otimes Ω_X^j(\log D)\big) = 0$ for any nef line bundle $L$ on $X$ and all $i < j - c$, where $c$ is an explicit function of $(X,D,L)$. This implies e.g. the vanishing of $H^i(X, L \otimes Ω_X^j)$ for $L$ ample and $i > j$, and gives back a vanishing theorem of Broer when $X$ is a flag variety.
Given a rational homogeneous manifold $S=G/P$ of Picard number one and a Schubert variety $S_0 $ of $S$, the pair $(S,S_0)$ is said to be homologically rigid if any subvariety of $S$ having the same homology class as $S_0$ must be a translate of $S_0$ by the automorphism group of $S$. The pair $(S,S_0)$ is said to be Schur rigid if any subvariety of $ S$ with homology class equal to a multiple of the homology class of $S_0$ must be a sum of translates of $S_0$. Earlier we completely determined homologically rigid pairs $(S,S_0)$ in case $S_0 $ is homogeneous and answered the same question in s…
Smooth Schubert varieties in rational homogeneous manifolds of Picard number 1 are horospherical varieties. We characterize standard embeddings of smooth Schubert varieties in rational homogeneous manifolds of Picard number 1 by means of varieties of minimal rational tangents. In particular, we mainly consider nonhomogeneous smooth Schubert varieties in symplectic Grassmannians and in the 20-dimensional $F_4$-homogeneous manifold associated to a short simple root.
