arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2108.13974quant-ph
收藏

量子事件的时间-能量测不准关系

The time-energy uncertainty relation for quantum events

Matteo Fadel, Lorenzo Maccone

摘要:

教科书量子力学将时间视为经典参数,而不是与厄米算符相关的量子可观察量。为此,为了理解通常的时间-能量不确定性关系,例如$Δ{t}ΔE\gtrsim\hbar$,术语$Δt$必须被解释为时间间隔,而不是由于量子噪声引起的时间测量不确定性。然而,量子时钟允许通过在额外的量子自由度上调节系统的演化来测量“事件发生的时间”。在这个框架内,我们在这里推导出两个{ \em true}的不确定性关系,涉及的不确定性在量子测量的时间,在该量子事件发生在一个系统的能量不确定性。

英文摘要:

Textbook quantum mechanics treats time as a classical parameter, and not as a quantum observable with an associated Hermitian operator. For this reason, to make sense of usual time-energy uncertainty relations such as $Δ{t}ΔE\gtrsim\hbar$, the term $Δt$ must be interpreted as a time interval, and not as a time measurement uncertainty due to quantum noise. However, quantum clocks allow for a measurement of the "time at which an event happens" by conditioning the system's evolution on an additional quantum degree of freedom. Within this framework, we derive here two {\em true} uncertainty relations that relate the uncertainty in the quantum measurement of the time at which a quantum event happens on a system to its energy uncertainty.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

↑