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arXiv 2102.12153cond-mat.mes-hall
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Hofstadter蝴蝶中的分形缺陷态

Fractal defect states in the Hofstadter butterfly

Yoshiyuki Matsuki, Kazuki Ikeda, Mikito Koshino

摘要:

研究了均匀磁场中含空位正方晶格上Bloch电子的电子性质。我们发现,一个单一的空位网站引入系统中创建一个缺陷能级在每一个单一的无数分形能隙的霍夫施塔特蝴蝶。不同缺陷能级的波函数具有不同的局域化长度,这取决于它们的分形生成,并且它们可以在适当的分形标度后由单个普适函数描述。我们还发现每个缺陷态都有自己的特征轨道磁矩,它与Hofstadter图中的能级梯度精确相关。探索缺陷局域态的空间性质为阐明霍夫施塔特蝴蝶的分形性质提供了一个强有力的途径。

英文摘要:

We investigate the electronic properties in the Bloch electron on a square lattice with vacancies in the uniform magnetic field. We show that a single vacancy site introduced to the system creates a defect energy level in every single innumerable fractal energy gap in the Hofstadter butterfly. The wavefunctions of different defect levels have all different localization lengths depending on their fractal generations, and they can be described by a single universal function after an appropriate fractal scaling. We also show that each defect state has its own characteristic orbital magnetic moment, which is exactly correlated to the gradient of the energy level in the Hofstadter diagram. Probing the spatial nature of the defect-localized states provides a powerful way to elucidate the fractal nature of the Hofstadter butterfly.

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