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arXiv 1802.01633cond-mat.mes-hall
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耦合Su-Schrieffer-Heeger系统中的拓扑相位、边模和Hofstadter蝶

Topological phases, edge modes, and the Hofstadter butterfly in coupled Su-Schrieffer-Heeger systems

Karmela Padavić, Suraj S Hegde, Wade DeGottardi, Smitha Vishveshwara

摘要:

受最近Su-Schrieffer-Heeger(SSH)链拓扑边态实验结果的启发,我们从理论上研究了由两条SSH链构成的梯形系统。我们发现,阶梯主机丰富的相图和相关的边缘模式结构决定的选择链间和链内耦合。也就是说,我们表现出三个不同的物理制度:一个拓扑托管本地化的零能量边缘模式,拓扑平凡的阶段没有边缘模式结构,和制度让人想起一个弱的拓扑绝缘体具有类似于“双SSH”建设的未受保护的边缘模式。在拓扑阶段,SSH阶梯系统作为一个类似的Kitaev链,这是已知的支持本地化马约拉纳费米子端模式,具有相同的空间波函数配置文件对应于狄拉克费米子模式的SSH阶梯的束缚态的区别。此外,耦合的不均匀性会对梯形系统的拓扑相图产生剧烈的影响。特别是准周期变化的链间耦合,相图再现霍夫施塔特的蝴蝶图案。因此,我们确定SSH梯形系统作为实验观察这种分形结构的潜在候选人。

英文摘要:

Motivated by recent experimental realizations of topological edge states in Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) chains, we theoretically study a ladder system whose legs are comprised of two such chains. We show that the ladder hosts a rich phase diagram and related edge mode structure dictated by choice of inter-chain and intra-chain couplings. Namely, we exhibit three distinct physical regimes: a topological hosting localized zero energy edge modes, a topologically trivial phase having no edge mode structure, and a regime reminiscent of a weak topological insulator having unprotected edge modes resembling a "twin-SSH" construction. In the topological phase, the SSH ladder system acts as an analog of the Kitaev chain, which is known to support localized Majorana fermion end modes, with the difference that bound states of the SSH ladder having the same spatial wavefunction profiles correspond to Dirac fermion modes. Further, inhomogeneity in the couplings can have a drastic effect on the topological phase diagram of the ladder system. In particular for quasiperiodic variations of the inter-chain coupling, the phase diagram reproduces Hofstadter's butterfly pattern. We thus identify the SSH ladder system as a potential candidate for experimental observation of such fractal structure.

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