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arXiv 1803.04791cond-mat.mes-hall
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英文名:Floquet Hofstadter Butterfly

Genesis of the Floquet Hofstadter butterfly

S. H. Kooi, A. Quelle, W. Beugeling, C. Morais Smith

摘要:

我们从理论上研究了在垂直磁场和圆偏振光照射下,石墨烯类样品(蜂窝晶格)的光谱。该系统的研究使用Floquet形式主义,并由此产生的霍夫施塔特频谱分析不同的制度的驱动频率。对于较低的频率,频谱的各种副本的共振导致拓扑间隙的复杂形成。在朗道水平制度,新的翅膀状的差距出现后,降低驱动频率,从而揭示了动态调谐的可能性形成的霍夫施塔特蝴蝶。在这种情况下,一个有效的模型可以分析得出,这使我们能够追溯的能级,表现出避免交叉,并最终导致带翼形状的间隙结构。在高频率下,我们发现,间隙开放的各种通量在$E=0$,并在增加驱动的振幅,间隙也关闭和重新打开在其他能量。这些差距的拓扑不变量的计算和由此产生的光谱阐明。我们建议实验实现的机会,并讨论在非驱动系统中的朗道级结构的相似之处。

英文摘要:

We investigate theoretically the spectrum of a graphene-like sample (honeycomb lattice) subjected to a perpendicular magnetic field and irradiated by circularly polarized light. This system is studied using the Floquet formalism, and the resulting Hofstadter spectrum is analyzed for different regimes of the driving frequency. For lower frequencies, resonances of various copies of the spectrum lead to intricate formations of topological gaps. In the Landau-level regime, new wing-like gaps emerge upon reducing the driving frequency, thus revealing the possibility of dynamically tuning the formation of the Hofstadter butterfly. In this regime, an effective model may be analytically derived, which allows us to retrace the energy levels that exhibit avoided crossings and ultimately lead to gap structures with a wing-like shape. At high frequencies, we find that gaps open for various fluxes at $E=0$, and upon increasing the amplitude of the driving, gaps also close and reopen at other energies. The topological invariants of these gaps are calculated and the resulting spectrum is elucidated. We suggest opportunities for experimental realization and discuss similarities with Landau-level structures in non-driven systems.

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