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arXiv 2102.09487astro-ph.SRastro-ph.EPphysics.space-ph
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太阳最暗的状态

The Dimmest State of the Sun

K. L. Yeo, S. K. Solanki, N. A. Krivova, M. Rempel, L. S. Anusha, A. I. Shapiro, R. V. Tagirov, V. Witzke

摘要:

自前工业时代以来,进入地球大气层的太阳电磁能如何变化,是气候变化辩论中的一个重要考虑因素。对这场辩论不利的是,自蒙德极小期(工业革命前太阳活动较弱的一段时间)以来,对太阳总辐照度(TSI)变化的估计存在显著差异,从0.75 Wm-2的下降到6.3 Wm-2的上升。因此,过去几个世纪太阳强迫对全球气温上升的确切贡献仍然没有定论。采用一种基于最先进的太阳图像和数值模拟的新方法,我们将太阳处于最不活跃状态时的TSI水平确定为比2019年水平低2.0 +/-0.7 Wm-2。这意味着TSI自蒙德极小期以来不可能上升超过这个数量,从而限制了太阳强迫在全球变暖中的可能作用。

英文摘要:

How the solar electromagnetic energy entering the Earth's atmosphere varied since pre-industrial times is an important consideration in the climate change debate. Detrimental to this debate, estimates of the change in total solar irradiance (TSI) since the Maunder minimum, an extended period of weak solar activity preceding the industrial revolution, differ markedly, ranging from a drop of 0.75 Wm-2 to a rise of 6.3 Wm-2. Consequently, the exact contribution by solar forcing to the rise in global temperatures over the past centuries remains inconclusive. Adopting a novel approach based on state-of-the-art solar imagery and numerical simulations, we establish the TSI level of the Sun when it is in its least-active state to be 2.0 +/- 0.7 Wm-2 below the 2019 level. This means TSI could not have risen since the Maunder minimum by more than this amount, thus restricting the possible role of solar forcing in global warming.

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